"Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav": Ib Analysis. Nekrasov, "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej nkag"

Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo tej hauj lwm ntawm tus poj Lavxias teb sab paj huam Nikolai Nekrasov - cov paj huam "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," uas nws tsom xam yog ib qho tseem ceeb milestone tsev qha ntawv. Nws sau nyob rau hauv 1858. Tag nrho cov sau phau ntawv lub poetic lyrics yog imbued nrog pab koj tu siab rau cov plight ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg, tab sis "Xav ..." yog tshwj xeeb yog tej no leitmotif.

xyaum reflexing

Tus txheej txheem ntawm rog xav txog, xav, ntsw ib tug yog ib feem ntawm tus poj Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ua paj huam yuav tsum mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "Duma". Suffice nws nco qab thiab "lus los ntawm St. Petersburg rau Moscow» Radishchev los yog "Moscow - Petushki" Yerofeyev. Nyob rau hauv tsis raws li qhov no heev dua lwm yam Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv style ntawm "sib sib zog nqus xav" nws sau tau nws ua hauj lwm Nekrasov. "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav" sib haum xeeb haum rau hauv cov zajlus thiab philosophical thought.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub poetic cim daim - nws lub ntsiab nkag - muaj nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Nws yog nws Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug saib txhua txhua hnub los ntawm nws lub qhov rais. Thiab feem ntau heev nws puas tau pom txhua txhua hnub nyob rau ntawm no nkag yog cov neeg coob coob uas tos rau txoj kev tshav ntuj yuav tsum tau txais nrog lawv thov thiab kev ntshaw, xws li "tus txiv neej laus thiab cov laus, thiab tus poj ntsuam." Thaum pom unfolding daim duab, nws raug kev txom nyem nws nyob rau hauv nws zaj paj huam "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav."

Txawm li cas los, yog vim li cas, muaj sim hawm caij nyoog nws mus kho lub hnub cai txawv. Nyob rau hauv kev, ib tug nam ntawm Nekrasov lub paj huam yog ib tug documentary. Nws yuav sib zog ntes honestly tsos nws kev tshwm sim los yog mus ua surprise rau nws nrog ib tug txiv neej. Ntawm no dua nws kaw ntaus tus sau taw tes, uas yog nraim nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb. "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," kev tsom xam ntawm nws zoo zoo qhia tag nrho tob ntawm kev ntawm tus sau.

rau dub

Thaum Nekrasov pom tawm ntawm lub qhov rais, nyob rau hauv ib tug nyob nraim yeej ncuab nyob rau kev nkag rov qab lub qhov sau muaj tseeb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws - cov txiv neej uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, khob cij tswv, tsis yog lub rov qab extensors. Nws tshoov peb lub siab piav qhia txog cov petitioners uas thov Vajtswv nyob rau pawg ntseeg, "dai daj lub taub hau rau nws lub hauv siab." Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj ib tug yog kov txoj hmoo thiab thov kom hais tias lub ntsiab txhais caj npab Russia, tsis muaj ib tug xav rau overshadow nws ntuj carefree lub neej xws ugly cim, lawv cov tsos thiab lawv pleas. Cov neeg pluag, lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab av, uas qhuas Nekrasov thiab lwm yam zoo kawg paj huam thiab sau ntawv, cov doorman hu ua lub faceless mob, tsuas yog glancing nyob rau ntawm lawv leaky odezhy.

Cov kev xav ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg pluag yeej tsis sab laug Nekrasov thiab feeb meej nrog rau cov paj huam "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav." Analysis ntawm cov ntawv nyeem qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas muaj kev nyuaj siab lub kws sau paj lug lub unwillingness thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm tus neeg zoo tib los mus tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Tus tswv teb tsis paub lawv txoj cai thiab yog yuam kom ua cov neeg nrhiav. Lub qhov tob ntawm no subordination yog acutely paub txog Nekrasov. "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," ua pov thawj nws txhua txhua lo lus.

Lub protagonist - cov neeg

Porter, kev kawm rau ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lawv cov prestigious txaus qhia, kev kawm instantly to taub uas nws yog txojkev thiab seb ib tug neeg yuav tsum muaj ib tug txais tos. Nws tam sim ntawd pom tias cov petitioners 'dab tuag nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm "hais tias" armyachishka lean on nws lub xub pwg nyom. " Nyob rau hauv xws nthuav dav, nrog zoo txoj kev khuv leej, kev ruaj ntseg, nws yuav tau hais muaj siab hlub Nekrasov qhia txog cov tsos ntawm cov nkees hnyav ua hauj lwm thiab ntev los ntawm cov txiv neej.

Tab sis los ua ib tug idyllic duab tam sim ntawd lov tsis paub "nplawm", thiab tam sim ntawd ua raws li los ntawm ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws cav "peb tsis nyiam ib tug ragged mob". Zoo li ib tug nplawm uas ntaus, "slammed lub qhov rooj". Qhov tseem poignant, reflecting yuav luag tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg, lawv cia siab thiab disappointments, Nekrasov qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus, nws yuav qhia rau tus nyeem ntawv uas cov petitioners 'KOSHLAY unleashed. " Txawm li cas los, hais tias "ntshiv txiaj xu" hais tias cov txiv neej yuav tau amassed ib tug txiav txim nqi ntawm lub sij hawm twb tsis hwm txawm tias ib tug me ntsis glance ntawm Switzerland. Obviously, qhov no pitiful penny, thiab rau tus txiv neej rau nws - ces nws cov hws thiab cov ntshav. Qhov no imbued nrog "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," lub ntsiab ntawm cov zaj paj huam - nws yog kev txom nyem rau tib neeg.

Tswv luxurious lag

Ib tug txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov paj huam "Xav ..." yog ib tug stark zoo ntawm cov neeg uas thov thiab cov neeg uas nug. Nekrasov txaus siab mus rau ib tug neeg uas "tsis nyiam lub ragged mob", occupies yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Nws hu nws "tus tswv ntawm lub luxurious lag", lub kws sau paj lug piav txog nws lub neej qhia kaw, pointless kev ua ub no xws li "sib tawb thiaj, gluttony, qhov kev ua si." Thiab lub neej no, rov sau, nws ntseeg hais tias "heev", nws yog "zoo siab", tab sis vim hais tias "ib tug neeg lag ntseg pob ntseg mus rau qhov zoo." Nobleman mus rau hauv lub paj huam "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav" yog tsis yuam, thiab nws txoj hmoo yuav joyless.

Cov kws sau paj lug hu nws mus rau nws lub siab, kev hais lus ntawm cov neeg uas nws "txoj kev cawm seej" nws yuav ua. Tab sis, ces tus sau ciali mus rov qab, nug ib lo lus nug xav paub ntxiv rau nws tus kheej: "ua li cas koj xav kom cov neeg pluag neeg?" Nws tu siab txog txoj hmoo ntawm pej xeem, uas Nekrasov mob siab rau nws ua hauj lwm, txog lub Lavxias teb sab neeg pluag, nws infiltrates txhua txhua ib nqe vaj lug kub, ua raws li qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub ci ntsa iab lub neej lag tswv. Nws hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj tej qhov chaw nyob rau Lavxias teb sab av, peb txog qhov twg nws hnov ib lub ntsaj txiv neej. Lub Brunt ntawm nws lub neej Nekrasov loj repetition ntawm lo lus "groans". Nws yog nyob rau hauv no qhia txog kev ua, raws li tau zoo raws li hlub sawv daws yuav raws li tus sau concentrates nws lub ntsiab kev xav ntawm cov neeg. Kev tu siab, encased nyob rau hauv nws zaj paj huam "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," tus tsom xam ntawm lub siab zoo tib yam cov txiv neej yuav txhawb kom txawj nyeem ntawv them sai sai rau nws.

Kev Cia Siab ntawm nyob mus ib txhis kev tu siab

Lub finale ntawm cov paj huam yog permeated nrog ib tug hu, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau lo lus nug cov neeg uas tus sau nplooj siab mus rau nws kos duab. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, hu suab pw tsaug zog motif, tib ruaj khov raws li qhov motive ntsaj, uas nyob rau hauv Nekrasov lub paj huam suab tshee thiab lossi. Lub motif pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tus txiv neej txhais tau tias ib tug hu mus rau sawv. Nrog kev hwm rau cov nobles, nws kwv yees kawg. Tej zoo siv ntawm ib tug motif tej tus zoo ntawm lub ntsiab yam khoom. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej khav" yog ua kom pom cov zoo tsis tau tsuas yog cim, tab sis kuj qhov tseeb ntawm lawv lub neej.

Nqa los ntawm ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm txoj kev khuv leej

Qhov no mob siab rau koj cov neeg, uas Nekrasov mob siab yuav luag tag nrho nws tej hauj lwm, muaj feem xyuam nrog ib tug heev tus kheej. Cov kev phem heev ntawm nws tus txiv, disinheritance Nekrasov twb qhia heev thaum ntxov nrog lub ugly tseeb ntawm lub neej. Nrog 16 xyoo nws twb yuam kom khwv tau rau nws tus kheej thiab paub thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas lub ntiaj teb no ua hauj lwm. Cov feem ntau nyuaj nws coj qhov tseeb hais tias cov tswv teb, uas nws lub neej tau raug suppressed thiab ntshai nyob mus ib txhis tawm tsam rau ciaj sia taus, twb tsis sim los mus tiv thaiv lawv txoj cai, nyob nraim yeej ncuab thiab ua nyob rau hauv lub mus ob peb vas ntawm txawm lub loj ua hauj lwm thiab lawv cov tub qhe. Tag nrho cov no yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug degree los yog lwm nyob rau hauv lub "Reflections ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej lawj," uas yog tej zaum ib lub hom phiaj tau yug los npaum li cas tom qab ntawd.