Lavxias teb sab paj huam Konstantin Fofanov: biography, creativity

Cov kws sau paj lug yog tsis ntawm no lub ntiaj teb no, yog tas li nyob rau hauv ib tug meej pem mus ob peb vas thiab lub ntiaj teb no ntawm apparitions, tam sim no yuav luag tsis nco qab lawm - Constantine Fofanov. Nws me ntsis scruffy tsos, uas tau muab kev zoo sib thooj nrog neeg siab tsis ncaj, ib tug dawb huv ruam los yog ib tug neeg thov khawv, tsis muab ib tug yog vim li cas mus ntseeg tau hais nyob rau hauv lub ci ntsa iab sab hauv. Qhov no duality confuses ntau, tab sis tsuas yog txog rau lub caij thaum cov kws sau paj lug pib nyeem paj huam ...

tsis zoo siab thaum yau

Konstantin Fofanov yug nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv 1862, nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 30. Leej Txiv yog ib tug me me lag luam uas los ntawm lub peasants, tab sis tsis tau versed nyob rau hauv coj mus muag teeb meem, heev sai sai poob tag nrho lub xeev. Lub neej yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug yog ib tug ntawm kaum me nyuam. Vim tsev neeg, systematic kev kawm ntawv Constantine Fofanov tsis tau txais. Rau ob peb lub hlis nws kawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam private qhov, ib tug me ntsis lawm nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm St. Petersburg College. Nws tau txais ib tug tag nrho ntawm tsuas yog peb chav kawm ntawv txoj kev kawm ntawv.

cwj mem xeem

Ua ntej kuv sau kwv huam nyob rau hauv ib yam li Nekrasov. Yog li ntawd, lub sij hawm no nws yog tseem tsis tau 14. Los ntawm kaum nws nyiam rau hauv phau Vajlugkub, los ntawm nws cwj mem tawm sublimely nrov kab. Nyob rau hauv 1881, zoo li ib tug paj huam nyob rau hauv ib tug cuav npe yog luam nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Lavxias teb sab Jew". Sau nyob rau hauv 1885, lub "Cim Nco Txog ntawm kev hlub" thiab luam nyob rau hauv lub magazine "Lub Soj Ntsuam" nyob rau hauv 1888 coj mus rau lub mus sib hais, uas tau nyob rau hauv lub magazine kaw. By lub sij hawm nws yog ib tug puas ntawm cov ntawv qhia. kws sau paj lug, paj huam tau luam tawm rau yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm illustrated ntawv, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "New Era" nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Suvorin.

thawj phau ntawv ntawm lub paj huam nrog rau lub unpretentious title "Kwv huam" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1887. Cov ntawv mus zoo tsis paub los ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv los yog critics. Nws tsis tau txais nws thiab cov Pushkin nqi zog, nominations rau cov uas pib Polonsky. Tab sis lub exuberant tej yam txaus siab aroused sau Ilya Repin. Nws tab xim ib tug portrait ntawm Fofanova yog nws tus phoojywg mus txog rau thaum nws tuag.

Tab sis, ces mam li nco dheev tias nws tuag lawm Nadson, uas hu ua tus hluas kws sau paj lug "kuj zoo kawg txawj txuj ci purely artistic ntxoov ntxoo." Ib tug poetic style Fofanova, tus txiv neej comprehended chim siab nyob rau hauv lub neej, tab sis tsis txhob poob txoj kev ntseeg, twb pom ib tug continuation nadsonovskoy melodies. Tag nrho cov ntau li ntawd thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm cov xovxwm txhawb Nadson debut sau los ntawm lub kws sau paj lug.

tsis cia siab romantic

Tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm puas tau-ua revolutionary zog tshwm sim cev qhuav dej ntawm sawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam thiab kev tsa nto tshuaj pleev "revolutionary-kev ywj pheej" paj huam. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no lub paj huam ntawm Konstantin Mikhailovich ua ib tug romantic qhov hluav taws xob. H. Bialy sau tias cov paj huam yog ib qho amazing tones thiab poluzvukov hais tias nws yog muaj peev xwm mus qhia ib lub xeev ntawm lub siab, darting ntawm kev tu siab thiab kev xyiv fab. Nws yog ib cov kab uas Corporate troubled lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv uas tau ua neej nyob. Thaum lub sij hawm no Fofanova menyuam Leskov, Polonsky, Tolstoy, Mike. Ib tug Symbolist Balmont thiab Bruce tau caw nws tuaj koom tes nrog lawv nyob rau hauv lub anthology "Northern Paj".

Suvorin nce kws sau paj lug luam tawm thib ob sau los ntawm nws cov kwv huam. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tib straightforward title. Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb phau ntawv ntawm Constantine Fofanova yog lub npe ntawm "Ntxoov ntxoo thiab mysteries." Nws tuaj tawm nyob rau hauv 1892. Qab nws muaj ib zaj dab neeg nyob rau hauv nqe "Baron CLACSO", raws li cov critics, nws yog ib qho yooj yim parody ntawm "Evgeniya Onegina".

kev hlub zaj dabneeg

Nyob rau hauv 1887, Konstantin Fofanov yuav txiv Tupolev Lydia Konstantinovna. Nws tsis yog zoo nkauj xwb, nws yog infinitely hlub. Lawv kev sib raug zoo tau ua heev romantic. Lida tau ntsib nws rau yav tom ntej tus txiv nyob rau hauv 14 lub xyoos, raws li ib tug schoolgirl, enthusiastically rapt nws cov kwv huam. Ib me ntsis tom qab lub kws sau paj lug dedicates nws txoj kab ntawm "Star ntshiab, zoo nkauj hnub qub."

"Enchanted tub huabtais"

Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv sau voj voog Fofanov Konstantin Mihaylovich twb suav nrog cov decadents. Tej vim hais tias ntawm lub detachment thiab tsis kam muab ntawm kev muaj tiag nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus me nyuam los tu ntawm cov illusions xwb thiab zoo heev tswv yim, raws li zoo li vim cov kev tshawb fawb rau cov tshiab txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab sib sib zog nqus urbanism.

Literary scholars ntseeg hais tias tus kws sau paj lug muaj ib tug profound cawv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Muaj txawm tias ib tug txhais ntawm "fofanovsky lub sij hawm." Qhov no kaum-xyoo ya, nyob nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub 1880 thiab 1890 tus. Konstantin Fofanov, uas nws cov kwv huam tau pom ib tug dav heev teb cov lovers ntawm paj huam thiab yog nyob rau hauv tune nrog lub mus ob peb vas ntawm cov haiv neeg tau pom muaj ntau xyaum nquag li.

harbinger symbolism

Contemporaries yog li ntawd considers hais tias nws yog kuj ceeb tias deftly contrasts lub siab ideals ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj kev muaj tiag hais tias nws cov kwv huam uas sib txawv declarative, stylistic cov lus lam ua thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug zoo nkauj qhia. Ib tug txoj kev ywj pheej nyob rau hauv nws cov kab ntawm tus nyeem ntawv yog dab tsi raws li ib tug manifestation ntawm lub siab dawb paug. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov kws sau paj lug - symbolist. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, kws txawj lw nyob rau hauv nws cov kwv huam cov yam ntxwv ntawm txoj kev hloov los ntawm tsoos ntaub ntawv ntawm modernism. Tsis muaj dab tsi yog tseg "fofanovsky" lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv tune nrog cov "Twilight" era ntawm stagnation.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm nws admirers yuav paub qhov txawv Chekhov, I. Repin, A. Maikov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog approvingly hais txog Fofanova symbolist kws sau paj lug Bryusov. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov thawj coj ntawm qhov no yog txaus siab los tham txog tej yam uas tau muaj rau lawv dvoemirnaya Fofanova lyric kwv huam.

Nws kho lawv nrog me me distaste. Yog vim li cas tsis yog yooj yim. Tom qab daim ntawv nyob rau hauv 1895 ntawm ob peb collections ntawm symbolist kws sau paj lug era pib tsis kam. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau nws yog tsis muaj ntau. Fofanov Constantine nws redirect lawv tej haujlwm. Muaj kwv huam hais txog tus excommunication Lva Tolstogo, hais txog kev tshaib kev nqhis ...

"Kuv teeb Burns tawm"

Leo Tolstoy, lub kws sau paj lug uas suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kws sau paj lug ntawm nws lub sij hawm, pom tias nws nyob tag nrho nws lub neej nyob rau hauv cov neeg txom nyem surrounded los ntawm loj tus xov tooj ntawm cov me nyuam. Nws yog tsis xav tsis thoob hais tias tus Konstantin Fofanov, romantic kws sau paj lug, addicted rau dej cawv. Kwv huam vim hais tias tsis tau ntau npaum li cas. Tab sis qhov teeb meem yeej tsis los ib leeg. Cov kws sau paj lug tuag ob tug me nyuam, thiab tiv thaiv no tom qab nws tshwm sim neej puas.

Tom qab ib tug loj heev kev puas hlwb raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv 1890, thiab ntev-lub sij hawm kev kho mob Constantine Fofanov tseem sau. By lub sij hawm no tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Gatchina. Cov kws sau paj lug hlub no qhov chaw. Ntawm no nws mus ntsib Bryusov thiab Repin. Ntawm no mus rau nws lub "cov xib fwb thiab tus huab tais" pheej mus xyuas los ntawm I. Northerner. Nws muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov kwv huam nplooj siab mus rau lub kws sau paj lug thiab nws tus hlub lub nroog: "Ntawm no yog tus vaj ntxwv sau ntawv mus rau nws sib thiab Fofanov sau paj huam ..."

Kwv huam, tales thiab ballads Fofanova luam tawm nyob rau hauv loj xov xwm. Yog li ntawd, txawm npaj mus luam tawm ob collections: "Esters" (muaj xws li kwv huam 1901-1906.) Thiab "Tis thiab kua muag" (kwv huam sau los ntawm 1907 mus 1911). yuav tsis luam tawm lawv.

Txawm yog vim li cas, peb tau pom lub teeb cia li ib tug sau ntawm "illusions" thiab ob tug kwv huam: "Tom qab Khaublig" thiab "extraordinary tshiab" (dua remake nkawv Pushkin, "Me ntsis tsev nyob rau hauv Kolomna").

Cov kiv puag ncig ntawm 1905, tsis txais yuav los ntawm lub kws sau paj lug deprives nws ntawm lub xeem kev txawj nyeem ntawv. Neeg txom nyem nce mus txog ib tug txwv, thiab thiaj li nias hais tias ib tug ntawv xov xwm Fofanov sau tawm txog lub siab xav mus koom ib tug neeg tu vajtse, doorman, thiab txawm kev sib deev. Ib xyoo tom qab, cornered, nws yog sim mus muag kaum tsib tagnrho ntawm nws tej hauj lwm xwb ib txhiab rubles.

Nws lub neej dissatisfaction thiab tsis meej nchuav tej zaum sarcastic impromptu. Yuav ua li cas tsis nyob twj ywm tsis muaj txim. Dag nrog tsis muaj latent hint ntawm Alexander III, tsav tsheb nws mus rau lub zos lub tsev kaw neeg rau ob lub lis piam li politically unreliable.

Thiab ces lwm nres seemed yuav kho ntawm tus kab mob. Tej zaum, yog li ntawd, poob lawv volitional qualities, dej qab zib, lossi hloov qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nyob thiab beggary nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no Constantine Fofanov. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yog tsis yog li ntawd ntev. Nyob rau hauv 1911 pib ib tug tshiab puag ncig ntawm ailments, cov kab mob ntawm lub qub tshiab sawv daws yuav ntxiv.

Tus poj niam, nyob rau hauv xav xav txais kev, nug tus editor, tso nws phau ntawv, sau nyiaj rau kev kho mob kev kho mob nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm St. Petersburg tsev kho mob. Tiam sis tag nrho nyob rau hauv vain. Tej zaum 30, 1911 Konstantin Fofanov tuag.

"Kuv cov kwv huam, xws li muaj nuj nqis heev wines, lawv tig yuav tuaj"

Kuj ceeb tias romantic kws sau paj lug sau tawm ib lyrical toj roob hauv pes, yog ib tug singer ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab nyob rau hauv Tej zaum. Kab nws txawv siv lead ua clarity thiab melodiousness. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv teem rau suab paj nruag.

Xav zoo zoo paj huam "Lub Poet," "Tug hma," "Tus Enchanted tub huabtais," "Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Paj Huam" evoke ib tug cua daj cua dub ntawm tus cwj pwm txawv nyob rau hauv tus nyeem ntawv.