Kargopol qho khoom ua si - keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm. Modeling Kargopol cov khoom ua si

Nyob rau hauv lub zos uas nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Kargopol koog tsev kawm ntawv (tam sim no Kargopol tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov Arkhangelsk Thaj av), txij ancient sij hawm muab kev koom tes rau hauv cov creation ntawm tais diav ntim chaws, tsev neeg cov khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog lub caij - tas thaum ua liaj ua teb ua hauj lwm, lub peasants yuav them taus los ua modeling pots. Ntawm av nplaum pov tseg tsim txawv crafts. Yog li tuaj tus naas ej Kargopol qho khoom ua si. Chiv, qhov no luam tsis muaj ib tug coj tiag. Coloring cov khoom siv cov ntaub ntawv rau ntawm txhais tes. Yeej, qhov no yog ib tug cub tawg dub thiab txiv qaub.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws - ib tug qho khoom ua si los ntawm cov av nplaum?

Av nplaum khoom ua si Kargopol yog figurines nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dev, bears, fairy taleas cim, stocky txiv neej nrog beards, shovels, cov poj niam nrog cov me nyuam mos cov me nyuam mos, noog thiab lwm yam creatures. Txawm tias xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ancient Kargopol av nplaum khoom ua si tsis muaj kev kaj colours, vim hais tias cov xim siv raws li cwj mem av dawb, carbon dub, thiab dawb lias av nplaum. Niaj hnub nimno tshaj plaws twb muaj ib tug ntau vibrant ntxoov, tab sis cov tub txawg sim ua lawv tej hauj lwm heev yeeb yuj. Liab, xiav, ntsuab, dawb, dub thiab ochre xim yog cov feem ntau nrov ntxoov graffiti rau cov khoom uas.

Rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom ua si yog yus muaj los ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm cov painting, zoo li ib tug ntoo khaub lig, cov liab loj voj voog, rings. Tag nrho cov ntawm no ancient hnub ci cim. Kuj siv cov motifs ntawm cov nroj tsuag Tej nplaim pob ntseg ntawm pob kws thiab nplej.

authorship

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob, cov npe ntawm cov manufacturers ntawm cov gizmos yog tsis paub hais tias. Tab sis muaj ib co nto moo masters Kargopol cov khoom ua si, ua tsaug rau lub tswv yim uas tau khaws cia rau hauv lub khoom siv tes ua thiab yam ntxwv hais tau nkag tau rau hauv nws.

Nyob rau hauv lub thirties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo nyob rau hauv lub zos Grinevoj Druzhinin Ivan Vasilevich - xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm potters. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau feemxyuam creators ntawm av nplaum khoom ua si. Niaj hnub no, cov neeg paub nws lub masterpieces ntawm classical Kargopol.

Grinevoj los ua tus birthplace ntawm lwm nto moo masters, los ntawm nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus ob txhais tes Kargopol qho khoom ua si. Lub npe nws - Babkina Ulyana Ivanovna. Pib mus koom nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov khoom ua si txawm nyob rau hauv 15 lub xyoos ntawm hnub nyoog, Babkin ntxiv nws cov lag luam tawm kom txog rau thaum nws tuag. Hais tias nws tsis tau muab finish zoo nkauj kev cai khoom plig khoom. Nws Ulyana Ivanovna tau khaws cia rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub knight Polkan, los yog raws li nws yog hu ua, polihana. Centaur nrog ib cov hwj txwv, uas yog lub Polkan - ib qho ntawm feem nkawv thiab nrov dluab Kargopol av nplaum khoom ua si.

dynasty Sheveleva

Qho khoom ua si los ntawm Kargopol nws txoj kev loj hlob tshuav npaum li cas Shevelev. Lub amazing tshaj plaws yog tsis yooj yim sua los qhia rau tsis muaj hais txog cov neeg nto moo. Rhode Sheveleva originates nyob rau hauv lub zos Tokarev, uas yog ib tug ob peb kilometres ntawm lub Kargopol rau Pudozh ib ntsuj av. Shevelev Aleksandr Petrovich muab lub neej Kargopol ceg department "Dawb Hiav txwv qauv", uas ua cov khoom ua si.

Niaj hnub no, qhov teeb meem ntawm pog koob yawg koob tau txais Shevelev Valentin Dmitrievich. Nws yog koom nyob rau hauv recreating ancient hom kev kawm obvarki khoom siv tes ua uas yuav muab feverish tom qab tua cov khoom ua si nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua kiv - tuab tshuaj raws li nyob rau hauv cov hmoov nplej. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov khoom nto yog them nrog zoo nkauj tsuas thiab me ntsis ntawm dub. Tag nrho cov no yog tau ua tsaug rau lub burnt hmoov. Nyob rau hauv Kargopol nyob rau hauv 2003 nws yog tsim los ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej Sheveleva dynasty thiab Kargopol av nplaum khoom ua si.

poj niam

Qhov tseem ancient Kargopol qho khoom ua si - ib tug poj niam. Los ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm haum ancient ntsiab thiab lawv archaic nws yog hais txog tus neeg siv mus rau lub Mesolithic, Neolithic thiab Paleolithic. Nws tsos tsa daim duab ntawm ib tug poj niam mlom ua los ntawm cov pob zeb, nrog ib tug ncaj ca lub ntsej muag. Historians ntseeg hais tias nws sawv cev rau lub Great niam, uas tej zaum yog hais txog mus rau lub matriarchy ntawm lub Paleolithic lub sij hawm. Nws tom qab reincarnated raws li ib tug cim ntawm niam lub ntiaj teb, lub ntsiab vajtswv poj niam ntawm Xwm. Tom qab ib co sij hawm kev cai dab qhuas tseem ceeb twb ploj lawm cov khoom ua si, thiab nws tau ua cia li ib tug me nyuam txoj kev ua si thiab accessory pluag.

zus tau tej cov poj niam

Daim duab molded rau qhov chaw: ib lub taub hau thiab npog tas ib ce, caj npab, tiab-tswb thiab headdress. Lub cev thiab ib tug tiab txuas mus rau txhua lwm yam, squeezed ob txhais tes sausages, cov lawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub pob thiab kuj tas. Ib tug headdress nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kaus mom los yog kokoshnik ntswj kom nruj qhov tseeb. Qhov no xaus lub modeling.

Kargopol qho khoom ua si ntxiv yuav tsum tau pleev xim rau. Babu twb kho nrog txiv qaub, yog tej zaum kuj siv rau lub hom phiaj no raws li cov tshuaj cwj mem av dawb thiab mis nyuj haus. Ces proceeded lug tau sai dlua prorisovyvaniyu sev. Nws twb sau nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov dluab piv txwv txog lub ntsiab lus. Yog li, lub laim ntoom kab cim dej thiab nag, xob laim zigzags meant, nqais thiab nag xob nag. daim duab ntawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog symbolizing lub hnub, thiab tus ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb diamond - av. Painting Kargopol cov khoom ua si nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig nrog dots meant Sown teb, thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm curls - nws qe. Feem ntau hais lus, tag nrho lub symbolism ntawm lub saum toj no twb hais txog ib tug tswm neeg nyob hauv, plowman los yog ib tug tseb nplej.

Polkan

Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov av nplaum khoom siv tes ua yuav siv sij hawm Kargopol qho khoom ua si Polkan. Kws txawj nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm souvenir ntseeg hais tias lo lus "Polkan" los ntawm "polkonya". Qhov no qho khoom ua si los tom qab cov poj niam. Nws yog suav tias yog ib tug xav paub thiab archaic, muaj ntau lub ntsiab. Polkan - Centaur, tus txiv neej-nees, hnav ib cov hwj txwv thiab lub kaus mom. Tej zaum portrayed nrog noj cov poj niam. Nyob rau hauv Polihane tshwm ib tug tseem ceeb heev cim ntawm lub peasantry - tus nees. Nws tau los ua tus epitome ntawm tillage, wealth, nom tswv cajceg thiab lub dag lub zog.

Polkan - ib tug Tshwm Sim Los Tiller, raws li cov thawj Pahari yog ntaus nqi raws li "tib neeg-nees." Hwj txwv - yog pov thawj ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm kom loj hlob thiab sab hauv siab - ib lub cim ntawm nws prime. Yuav ua li cas ua ib lub cim tus poj niam lub mis? Keeb kwm Kargopol qho khoom ua si hais tias nws yog ib tug universal lub cim ntawm lub peasants: lub patron ntawm lub genus, tsev neeg, tus saib xyuas haujlwm, tus uas zov lub hearth.

lwm cov nuj nqis

Los ntawm txoj kev lub ancient dluab yog dluab ntawm cov tsiaj. Thawj nrov yog cov hares, tom qab ntawd lawv tau hloov los ntawm nees. Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw ntawm yawm dais ( "medvezhaha") muaj los yog tsis muaj nws cov xeeb ntxwv. Nws yuav sculpt ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsev neeg, xws li ib tug ntses los yog ib daim iav nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg. Dais - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj cim ntawm cov ntiaj chaw. Rau feem ntau tsis ntev los no kev kawm Kargopol av nplaum khoom ua si yog dluab txuam nrog neej nyob deb nroog. Yog li, tus tswv sculpted peb harnessed nees nrog caij. Tus txiv neej nrog ntev beards, tuav ib tug accordion, khau khiab los yog lub raj, neeg pluag thiab poj niam - tag nrho cov prototypes ntawm av nplaum handicrafts.

Nta Kargopol cov khoom ua si

Kargopolskaya av nplaum qho khoom ua si muaj txaus archaic tsos. Nws muaj ib tug coj style, ntsej muag nta thiab paintings. Qhov no me tshaj plaws yuav dignify tiag lub teb chaws, raws li nws cov kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem free. Conventionally, tag nrho cov kawm ntawm handicrafts yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb pawg: cov thawj muaj xws li archaic hom, xws li Keeper - ib tug poj niam uas ua rau cov nquab hauv lub ob txhais tes, raws li zoo raws li nees thiab lwm yam tsiaj Polkan. Qhov thib ob hom yog cov Kargopol qho khoom ua si zaj dabneeg khoom uas hais tias qhia scenes ntawm lub zos lub neej. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no qeb ntawm souvenirs illustrates scenes ntawm fairy tales. Qhov no yuav muaj xws li xws compositions li "Tus ntxhais qab cov khaub ncaws", "turnip" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Kargopol qho khoom ua si tsoos painting - ib tug bleached yam cuav, pleev xim rau cov xim txawv, tab sis tsis tas yuav ua ruaj paub meej thiab ruaj gloss. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov figurines muaj qaim xim, nws zoo nkaus li muted. Tus neeg tej yam tshwm sim yog es arbitrary.

Hais txog Kargopol qho khoom ua si niaj hnub no

Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus classic dluab tau ntau chaw multi-figured compositions. Ntawm no yog zog thiab cov ua cim, los ntawm cov masters muaj ib lub siab xav ua txhua yam uas, raws li nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Potters tsim kev kawm thiab cov ntxhais. Rau feem ntau feem nws yog ib lub neej ntawm lub peasants, lawv cov hnub caiv thiab hnub ua hauj lwm. Nws tsim ib tug ntau ntau yam ntawm cov tshiab tej yam uas tseem ceeb rau cov nyiaj so koobtsheej hnub, mus txawv miv, tej xwm txheej uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug lub nroog.

Tsev cia puav pheej Sheveleva

Kargopol, Gagarin txoj kev, lub tsev №30 - nyob rau hauv no laus cav tsev nrog ntas Ntsuab yog paub tag nrho cov tshaj Russia lub tsev khaws puav pheej Sheveleva. Qhov no ancestral tsev ntawm lub dynasty ntawm nto moo masters Kargopol cov khoom ua si. Muaj ob tug me me chav, uas ib zaug accommodated Claudia Petrovna thiab Dmitriy Vasilevich Shevelevy. Lawv tsa peb cov me nyuam - Valentina, Vladimir thiab Vitali. Thiab lawv tau muab lub neej mus rau lawv cov me nyuam, uas tsis muab gulf khoom siv tes ua los ntawm lawv cov pog koob yawg koob. Thaum Dmitry Vasilyevich tuag nyob rau hauv lig 2000, nws successors ua nrog rau qhov qhib ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej kev. Qhov no lub tswv yim twb kev txhawb los ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub koog tsev kawm ntawv, thiab ob xyoos tom qab cov tub ceev xwm tau muab cov ib nrab qhov chaw rau nqi xauj tsev Sheveleva qub.

tsev cia puav pheej miv

Nyob rau hauv 2002, nyob rau lub qub txeeg qub tes Vladimir Shevelev txheej txheem lub exhibition nrog lub caij ntuj sov, thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tsev, nws tau tsim tsa ib lub chav rau kev cob qhia. Ib xyoo tom qab, tus kwv tij tsim Sheveleva raug, tab sis ib ntus. Cov hauj lwm hnub ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm lub tsev-tsev cia puav pheej yog 13.06.2003 xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv hnub no lub Kargopol muaj ib tug mus tas exhibition ntawm Kargopol cov khoom ua si, yog li Sheveleva tsev cia puav pheej nyob no kis. Ntawm no yog cov duab ntawm ib co tsev neeg heirlooms, tsoos khoom vaj khoom tsev uas tau khoom yog ua rau ib tug Potter lub log thiab them nrog glaze ntawm hmoov txhuas. Cov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub exhibition yog khoom nrag peb cov kwv tij. Yuav muaj nthuav rau cov laus tiam thiab tus yau.

Ntawm no yog ib tug nws - Kargopol qho khoom ua si. Lub keeb kwm ntawm nws tshwm sim yog rooted nyob rau hauv antiquity, nws sau los ntawm tus centuries thiab tsis txhob niaj hnub Kargopol tsev cia puav pheej Sheveleva dynasty. Tej zaum ib tug uas thawj pom cov tais diav ntim chaws, hais tias, "Qhov no kuv tus kheej ua nws." Tab sis tsis muaj, yuav tsum muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kev txawj, txuj ci, khoom plig. Yuav kom tsim Kargopol qho khoom ua si, koj yuav tau xav tias tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub peasants thiab tsau li txoj kev hlub ntawm ancient kos duab thiab lawv teb chaws.