Xov xwm thiab Society, Kab lis kev cai
Klein raj mis: nws yog dab tsi
Geometric kwv, tom qab hu ua "Klein raj mis", yog thawj zaug piav nyob rau hauv 1882 los ntawm tus German mathematician Feliksom Kleynom. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Qhov no kwv (los yog ntau tshaj precisely, lub geometric thiab topological nto) muaj tsuas yog tsis nyob rau hauv peb peb-dimensional lub ntiaj teb no. Tag nrho cov qauv uas yog kev muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub txiaj ntsim khw, muaj ib tug zoo, tab sis muab me me tswv yim hais txog dab tsi yog ib tug Klein raj mis.
Klein raj mis hauj lwm cov lus ntawm lej lus thiab cov qauv yuav tsis hais dab tsi rau cov nonprofessional. Muaj ntau yuav los siav no txhais: Klein lub raj mis - yog orientable manifold (los yog nto) muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom. Tom qab lo lus "vaj tse" koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug ntev series muaj trigonometric functions, xov tooj, thiab Greek thiab Roman cov tsiaj ntawv. Tab sis nws yuav tsuas confuse lub untrained neeg, tau txais ib lub tswv yim ntawm dab tsi yog qhov projection ntawm lub fwj nyob rau hauv ib tug peb-dimensional qhov chaw.
Rau ntau ntxias (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog science ntawv tseeb writers) nyob rau txaus nyiam lub sij hawm "Klein fwj". Nws siv raws li ib tug cwj pwm, thiab tej zaum lub ntsiab "ntsej muag" yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm "kev txawj ntse" tseeb. Xws li, piv txwv li, zaj dab neeg "Lub Xeem illusionist", teej tug mus rau tus cwj mem ntawm Bruce Elliot. Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg ntawm tus txawj ua yees lub pab crushes nrog nws patron, uas tau ua tricks nrog rau ib plaub-dimensional Klein raj mis. Yuav tsum khaws cov raj mis illusionist thiab tshua ib nrab submerged nyob rau hauv nws. Raws li tus sau, qhov no lub raj mis yuav tsis tau lawm tsis muaj ua tus txheem. Yog li ntawd seb nws yog ua tau - tsis muaj ib tug yuav hais. Yam tsawg kawg lej, uas tejzaum nws yuav teb lo lus nug no, nws yuav tsis puzzling, nws yog sob mus science.
Qee zaus qhia tshwj xeeb uas ua Klein fwj rau promotional hom phiaj ntim hauv hwj cawv txiv hmab. Txawm li cas los, yuav ua rau xws li ib tug raj mis yog technically yooj yim rau iav, qhov no yuav tsum tau sab saum toj-hauv chav kawm ntawv iav blower. Yog li ntawd, nws yog kim heev thiab yog siv ncaw. Ib tug xeem ntawm lub tshuab thiab zus tau tej cov ntau lawm ntawm tej fwj rau hauv lub khiav tsis ua kev zoo siab, vim hais tias nws yuav yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm txoj kev sau fwj cov kua (nyob ntawm no, dhau lawm, muaj complexities). Thiab cov kev xav ntawm strangeness thiab novelty yuav sai sai supplanted txaav lo caw los ntawm ib lub raj mis ntawm wine iav.
Similar articles
Trending Now