Russian folk dishes: npe, zaub mov txawv, duab. Folk cov tais diav ntawm cov neeg Lavxias

Lavxias teb sab mov, thiab qhov no yog rau tsis muaj leej twg yog ib daim card, tau txais qhov chaw zoo nkauj thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau ntev. Seb nws tshwm sim vim hais tias ntawm huab hwm coj cov pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman Lavxias mus rau ntau lub teb chaws nrog rau kev koom ua ke tom qab ntawm cov neeg no mus rau hauv kab lis kev cai (xws li cov khoom noj). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Peter, thaum qee cov neeg European "paub txog", thiaj li hais lus, Lavxias haiv neeg cov tais diav nrog lawv lub plab. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, hnub no ib lub tsev noj mov Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv America los yog teb chaws Europe tsis yog tias tsawg. Thiab Lavxias haiv neeg cov tais diav, tej zaum, paub txog ob sab ntawm Atlantic thiab Pacific. Cia peb tuaj koom nrog qhov kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom noj hauv ntiaj teb no.

Lavxias teb chaws cov tais diav. Lub npe

Cia peb pib, ntawm chav kawm, nrog cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua li no, vim hais tias ib co dishes ntawm peb lub chav ua noj yuam kev muaj xws li chefs ntawm lwm haiv neeg raws li ua noj ua haus masterpieces thiab lwm versa. Txhua tus neeg paub tsawg kawg ib zaj dab neeg txog borscht, qhov tsim muaj ntau lub teb chaws hais ib zaug. Los yog peb nyiam pies (cov neeg sab hnub tuaj kuj muaj cov khoom noj ntawm cov zaub mov qab no, lawv tsuas yog hu ua lwm txoj kev). Pej xeem cov tais diav ntawm cov neeg Lavxias yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv txoj kev npaj siab, tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv yog cua thiab ntau yam, pab tau thiab noj qab haus huv. Thiab lawv yuav, yog hais tias kom siav, decorate tej rooj festive. Tab sis ua ntej peb yuav ua ib tug luv luv keeb kwm digression nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus "Russian folk dishes: npe".

Chav ua noj ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv pre-Petrine lub sij hawm

Tuam Tshoj thiab huab tais Lavxias tebchaw, tau kawg, nws muaj nws cov kab lig kev cai hauv kev ua noj ua haus. Lavxias haiv neeg cov tais diav yog piav los ntawm ib co historians (piv txwv li, Kostomarov hauv nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb). Nws sau tseg hais tias lub nplhaib ntawm Lavxias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 15th thiab 17th yog qhov uas tau ua yav dhau los, los ntawm kev coj ntawm kev lis kev cai thiab kev cai (raws li txoj cai, kev cai dab qhuas) thiab tsis txawv thaum lub sijhawm ntau heev, tab sis nws yooj yim. Dab tsi tau npaj nyob rau hauv pre-Petrine lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Russia? Kev lig kev cai, lub rooj tau muab faib ua lean thiab yoojyim - vim yog qhov kev cai los mus saib cov kev cai dab qhuas Orthodox (thiab lawv cov najnpawb ntseeg Vajtswv yuav tsum ua, raws li koj paub, feem ntau ntawm lub xyoo)!

Hmoov nplej

Cov qhob cij tau npaj tsuas yog rye. Tus cwj pwm, ntsev tsis ntxiv rau cov hmoov nplej. Thiab los ntawm nplej "dawb" hmoov npleem baking kalachi, suav hais tias yog rau ib tug kho on hnub so. Cov zaub mov li ib txwm, ntxhib txaus, tab sis noj haus, rau cov peasants ntawm Russia yog fiber ntau. Nws yog ib qho oatmeal, cov boiled thiab crushed. Pies thiab khoom qab zib tau npaj los ntawm mov paj. Cov puv yuav txawv - ob qho tib si ntshiv thiab nqaij, namely: txiv hmab txiv ntoo, curd, ntses, los ntawm nqaij thiab nqaij. Qe thiab nceb tau ntxiv hauv qee cov versions. Ib lub ncuav ci tau ci-nws yog ib qho nplua nuj, festive loaf ntawm qhob cij. Los ntawm lwm cov qhov cub khoom koj tuaj yeem rov qab xws li floury folk cov tais diav ntawm cov neeg Lavxias: pancakes thiab fritters, kurik thiab poom, txhuam hniav, khob cij txiv ntseej, koloboks. Thiab raws li ib tug dej haus ntawm hmoov ntawm ntau yam nplej, txhua yam ntawm jelly twb npaj. Ntxiv mus, lawv yog chiv tsis hau qab zib, kev lig kev cai thiab ntxiv tsos rau faib qos yaj ywm tuaj nyob rau hauv Russia (siv qos hmoov txhuv nplej). Kev faib khoom kuj tau txais qhob cij thiab kvass - haus dej cawv fermentation (tab sis nws yooj yim - 1-1,5% - ib daim ntawv kawm, raws li nws tsis tau pom hauv Russia).

Thawj cov hoob kawm

Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm peb cov zaub mov yog ntau hom kua zaub. Qhov feem ntau nrov yog: cabbage kua zaub thiab borsch, rassolniki thiab ntsev (selenki). Lawv kuj muaj: botvina thiab okroshka, pob ntseg thiab quav. Tag nrho cov thawj tais diav no yog yooj yim yooj yim los npaj (tom qab ntawd peb mam li qhia koj seb yuav ua li cas ua zaub ua kua zaub).

Turnip

Zoo li, ua ntej qhov tsos ntawm qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv Russia, lub ntsiab zaub ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm turnips. Nws tau npaj nyob hauv ntau hom ntawv thiab kev hloov. Muaj xij txawm hais tias cov lus siv qoob loo siv cov qoob loo los ntawm cov tib neeg: "nws yooj yim rau chav zog." Tab sis nrog rau cov kab nplej los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe (thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Peter thiab tom qab) nrog peb txhua tus, peb nyiam qos tau ua ib tug turnip rau kev pom thiab hloov (thiab tam sim no turnips txawm nyob rau hauv zaub khw muag tsis tau yuav).

Kashi

Cov xibfwb tseeb Lavxias cov tais diav yog porridge. Hauv kev pom ntawm qhov tseeb tias ntau hnub nyob rau hauv lub xyoo yog lean, cov cereals tau dav siv. Cov nplej tau raug tsoo thiab raug thawb, npaj rau ntau txoj hau kev. Cereals, traditionally zus nyob hauv Russia, tau siv.

Ntses

Nrov Lavxias teb noj mov yog ntses. Nyob hauv kev saib ntawm qhov muaj thiab ntau haiv neeg, cov khoom no tau muab siv rau hauv ntau hom: lawv muab tais thiab stewed, roasted thiab ci nyob rau hauv qhov cub, lawv tormented thiab siav rau ob peb. Tsis tas li ntawd nws tau qhuav thiab ua los ntawm ntses. Rassolnik, pob ntseg, lub zos - lauj kaub tais diav, qhov twg cov ntses kuj tau siv. Caviar raug xam tias yog ib qho delicacy, tab sis nws yog tseem noj nyob rau hauv ncaj loj qhov ntau (txij li thaum qee hnub fasting spawn tau tso cai). Cov khoom no yog salted, qhuav, boiled nyob rau hauv vinegar thiab poppy mis.

Cov nqaij thiab cov khoom siv

Nws tsis tau hais tias cov nqaij hauv Lavxias teb noj mov nyiam cov pej xeem zoo (tsis yog, vim kev ntseeg). Tab sis tseem, qee lub Lavxias teb chaws cov tais diav (saib cov duab hauv qab no) tsis yog tsis muaj nws. Mus rau thawj tais diav ntawm nqaij nws yog ib qho ua tau los nqa tag nrho cov nyiam thiab zoo-paub borsch. Nqaij tau noj ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cabbage kua zaub thiab nyob rau hauv pob ntseg (nco ntsoov, pob ntseg los ntawm cov qaib dib). Siav nqaij noj tau muab cais thiab nyob rau hauv brines, thiab nrog sauces (tsom). Nws tau ci nyob rau hauv qhov cub - feem ntau yog ib tug noog, kev ua si. Ntau heev siv, kom deb li postures, nqaij nyug thiab nqaij qaib pub, yaj, tom qab thiab tsawg zaus - nqaij npuas. Los ntawm cov khoom tau siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv rau pies thiab pies ntawm txhua qib thiab ntau thiab tsawg. From wildness rau cov zaub mov mus: luav, venison, dais, elk, nqaij ntawm ducks, geese, quail.

Lavxias teb chaws cov tais diav. Zaub mov txawv

Tab sis los ntawm txoj kev xav ib tug twb yuav tsum tau mus rau xyaum thiab sim, thaum kawg, mus ua noj dab tsi los ntawm Lavxias teb sab cuisine. Raws li twb tau hais, cov zaub mov ntawm no ua noj tsis yog complex, yog li lawv yuav siv tawm txawm los ntawm ib tug tsis heev kws ua-kws lij choj. Tab sis yog tias koj yuav mus thov koj cov phooj ywg lossis cov phooj ywg nrog qee cov khoom noj khoom haus, ces siv cov zaub mov hauv qab no thiab koj cov qhua yuav txaus siab rau. Ib qho taub: npaj rau cov ntsiab lus ntau heev! Tom qab tag nrho, Lavxias teb sab cuisine feeb yus muaj los ntawm generosity: yog hais tias tus kua zaub, ces ib lub tais tag nrho tau txais kev pab, yog li ntawd yeej noj. Yog li, cia peb npaj rau yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lavxias teb sab zaub mov!

Peb npaj cov neeg pluag 'kua zaub

Traditional thiab ntau heev Lavxias teb noj zaub mov - cabbage kua zaub. Strangely txaus, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Russia tsis yog li ntev dhau los - nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, tsuas yog thaum nyob rau hauv lub teb pib loj hlob massively cabbage. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau txais txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm cov Russians, thiab tsis yog - lawv paub yuav ua li cas ua noj cov neeg pluag 'cabbage thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Thiab lawv cov tsom iav (uas yog los ntawm thawj lub sij hawm tej zaum kuj zoo li hnyav heev) yog cov cim zaub mov zoo zoo.

Los npaj ib tug cabbage koj yuav tsum tau noj: nqaij nyuj nyob rau pob txha - ib phaus, sauerkraut - ib phaus, ob peb medium carrots, ib ob peb medium-qhov loj hlob qos yaj ywm, ib tug dos. Rau seasoning - spices thiab qaub cream, zaub ntsuab.

Ua noj kua zaub yog yooj yim heev

1. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau ib tug broth. Peb noj nws nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv qhia rau txwm rau 1,5 - 2 teev on tsawg tshav kub, tshem qhov npaus. Ib lub laujkaub pom zoo kom xaiv ntau, liters rau tsib los yog ntau dua.
2. Thaum lub broth npaj, peb ntes cov nqaij ntawm cov pob txha thiab cais nws. Txiav rau hauv me me thiab muab pov rov qab rau hauv lub laujkaub.
3. Zaub yog cov mine thiab txiav rau hauv cubes qos yaj ywm. Dos - shred, carrots - RUB.
4. Quail cabbage yog me ntsis ntxuav nyob rau hauv khiav dej thiab muab tso ua ke nrog qos yaj ywm rau hauv broth. Ces tom qab 10 feeb muab pov rau hauv lub lauj kaub thiab carrots nrog cov dos. Peb muab ib tug me ntsis rau boil, thiab tshem tawm los ntawm lub phaj, yav kua txob thiab seasoned mus saj.
5. Peb kaw lub hau thiab cia nws brew rau ib nrab teev. Shchi yuav tsum tau tuab thiab nplua nuj: tias lub diav, raws li lawv hais, sawv. Tam sim no lub kua zaub yuav tau txais kev pab rau lub rooj nyob rau hauv ib tug tob phaj, seasoned nrog qaub cream thiab tshiab tws zaub.
6. Ob peb nuances. Qee cov neeg nyiam noj cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv ib nrab. Tab sis rau txhua qhov, koj cov kua zaub yuav tsum muaj acidic tsoos tsw, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis tau kua zaub. Qee cov neeg xum grated carrots thiab chopped dos maj mam kib hauv ib lub lauj kaub rau hauv cov roj ntshiv ua ntej yuav ntuav cov khoom xyaw rau hauv saucepan. Ib txhia carrots xav tsis mus RUB, tab sis txiav rau hauv pieces. Thiab, los ntawm txoj kev, es tsis txhob qos yaj ywm, nyob rau hauv qub variants ntawm daim ntawv qhia, turnip yog siv - zoo, yog hais tias nws yog qub Lavxias teb sab!

Ntsiab lus

Thiab cia li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv daim ntawv teev yog tias koj txiav txim siab mus ua noj ib tug yeej muaj tseeb lub teb chaws tais ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg, cov ntaub ntawv npe ntawm cov tais diav yog ib qho yooj yim los mus ua kom nyob rau hauv tsev: Kulebyaka, pob ntseg, cov neeg pluag poj niam, Ham, pies thiab cov ncuav, mis nyuj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly. Thiab muaj cov recipes uas tau tsim ntau tom qab. Olivier, nyuj Stroganoff, cutlets Pozharsky carp nyob rau hauv qaub cream, dumplings ntawm ntau hom - yog tseem Lavxias teb sab tais diav, tab sis lawv tau sawv npaum li cas tom qab nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab Asia.