Mi-28N "Hmo ntuj Hunter": kev specifications thiab cov duab

Attack helicopters ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txij li thaum lub community launch rau battlefields (raws li nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II) tau undergone zoo hloov. Cov tub rog commanders nyob rau hauv cov hnub tsis tau muab nws npaum li cas tseem ceeb, muab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm koom haum pab: teb-tis aircraft siv feem ntau rau cov kev khiav tawm ntawm raug mob los ntawm tej thaj chaw deb qhov chaw ntawm lub fronts. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Kauslim Teb. Tej yam uas pib hloov nyob rau hauv teb chaws Nyab Laj, qhov twg lub US Army tau siv cov cav tov mus tua av lub hom phaj, kom equip lawv nrog me me caj npab thiab foob pob ua ntxaij riam phom, thiab ces tau txais thawj nres helicopters. Zoo li metamorphosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, txawm hais tias muaj ib txhia sib txawv nyob rau hauv mus kom ze. Thaum kawg, lub Soviet tub rog tshwj xeeb tau lees paub tias qhov zoo ntawm cov American txoj kab ntawm cov poob siab pem hauv ntej ntawm teb-tis aircraft. Cov tshwm sim ntawm hloov tus mus kom ze ntawm domestic aircraft manufacturers tau los ua tus Mi-28N. Thaum lub caij nws yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nws chav kawm ntawv. Qhov no yog raws nraim lub rooj plaub thaum nws twb tau mus "catch up thiab ntes."

stormtroopers

Thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog, lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev pinpoint tawm tsam lub tsev hauv paus, kev sib txuas lus chaw zov me nyuam, tank txhua thiab lwm yam kuj me me lub hom phaj tau aircraft nres. Nyob rau hauv thawj tragic hnub ntawm tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm peb cov tub rog muab pov bombs "Junkers-87", uas muaj es coj davhlau kawm, tab sis tag nrho twb paub lawm cov kev pab cuam ntawm surprise. Tsim KB Ilyushin "Flying Tank" IL-2 muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov German analogue, Hmoob cov uas yog ib tug zoo kawg li loj hlob, vim txhob txwm muaj kuab layout thiab hnyav armor, ua ke nrog tus ncej-tau cov kabmob muaj nuj nqi. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm helicopters li stormtroopers ces tsis muaj leej twg txawm ua npau suav, thiab cov aircraft tau ntaus nqi ntau tshaj li ib tug kab txawv tsis zoo, ntawm me ntsis kev siv rau cov tub rog lub hom phiaj. Tom qab ob xyoo lawm ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub yuav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws nta ntawm lub "Flying Tank" thiab yuav ua lub ntsiab tawm tsev ntawm huab cua kev pab txhawb nqa ntawm pab tub rog thaum lub sij hawm tactical hauj lwm.

"Huey" thiab "nab rajkubsai"

Uh-1 "Iroquois", hu ua American cov tub rog "Huey", ua tsaug rau nws tus yam ntxwv, nws tau ua ib lub feem ntau loj-ua nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej helicopters. Nws yog txhim khu kev qha, ib qho yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm, muaj peev xwm nqa ib tug ntau nyob rau hauv ib tug me me pob payload. Qhov no multi-purpose nyoob hoom qav taub, siv nws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm tsaws, ya "tsheb thauj neeg mob" tsheb los yog huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd uh-1 tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug tua hluav taws cov nyiaj them yug paub tab, tab sis ib tug tag nrho-fledged "drummer" ntawm nws lub npe tsis yog. Yog vim li cas rau lub ruaj khov ntawm "Huey" yog cov tsis muaj ris tsho ua rog tiv thaiv - nws muaj tsuas yog tus tsav lub rooj zaum thiab roj tank. Txawm li cas los muaj kev vam meej kev kho thiab haib propulsion tau siv nyob rau hauv lwm lub tshuab, "nab rajkubsai» AH-1 tsim los ntawm tib lub tuam txhab, "Tswb". Predatory nqaim fuselage twb hloov los ntawm ib tug "lub cev", "Huey", lub pilots nyob rau hauv tandem, ib tug qab lub lwm yam, muab faib thiab lawv cov functions. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, ib tug tsav tsheb lub tsheb, lub thib ob nrhiav mus nrhiav thiab ua kom puas rau tus yeeb ncuab. Ntau nyob rau hauv lub tsheb muaj tsis muaj qhov chaw rau leej twg, tag nrho cov qhov tseem ceeb hnyav noj armor thiab riam phom. Combat nyoob hoom qav taub Mi-28N nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj Circuit Court yog ua tib txoj kev.

Lub Soviet txoj kev ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib ntaus los helicopters

Meanwhile, nyob rau hauv lub Soviet aircraft designers tau sim mus txuas rau tsaws thiab nres zog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuab. Yuav kom qhov no twb thov tib yam txoj kev "qiv" ntawm lub hwj chim nroj tsuag thiab cov layout tswvyim, tab sis lub hauv paus raug coj lub Mi-8, feem ntau Soviet nyoob hoom qav taub. Cov tshwm sim yog feem ntau zoo, tab sis lub tsheb yog ib yam nkaus thiab loj thiab hnyav. Mi-24 ntsia ntau haib thiab impressive me me "Cobras", tab sis ua tsis tau zoo rau lawv nyob rau hauv agility, tuition secretive mus kom ze rau lub hom phiaj thiab kev ruaj khov. Yuav muaj tseeb yuav siv qhov kev paub ntawm lwm leej lwm tus, thiab nws tau pom tias cov ua ke ntawm ob lub zog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuab yog tsis zoo rau tog twg los ntawm lawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, rau lub sij hawm txij li thaum lub teb chaws Nyab Laj ua tsov ua rog, Americans txuas ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev poob siab helicopters, tsim ib tug "Apache» AH-64, uas muaj ib tug loj ntaub ntawv technology cov khoom thiab tau ua lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj conceptual teb-tis pem hauv ntej-line nres aircraft. Afghanistan pom hais tias cov tub rog yuav tsum tau tshiab kev sib ntaus los helicopters.

Cov kev sib tw - mus pom nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti

Analogue "Apache" yuav raug hu ua Mi-28, uas muaj ib tug nruab nrab-80s pib tsim Rostov Nyoob hoom qav taub Cog. Lub tsheb zoo heev nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects superior rau lub teb chaws sib npaug. Txawm li cas los, qhov kev paub ntawm kev sib ntaus los siv nws cov helicopters Americans nyob rau hauv ob peb armed tsis sib haum qhia ntau mauj flaws. Nws muab tawm hais tias coj unpredictably nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti los yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg pluag "Apache" tshwm sim. Thaum lub sij hawm "lag luam suab puam Cua daj" ib tug ob peb lub tsheb, lub US Army tau poob vim lub sib tsoo nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab nrog txhua lwm yam, txawm cov nyob rau ntawm hmo ntuj pom kev systems. Ib tug zoo "ua hauj lwm" nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti thiab tawm ntawm cov nqe lus nug. Cov teeb meem tib yam raug kev tsim txom thiab tsoom fwv teb chaws pab tub rog nyob rau hauv Chechnya. Lub tactics ntawm guerrilla rog yog zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum hmo ntuj. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, tus yeeb ncuab yog Maneuvering, rearranges thiab ua cia li blows, tom qab uas, raws li ib tug txoj cai, ntse tsiv mus nyob hauv ib qho chaw. Counter no tactic ua tau tsuas yog nyoob hoom qav taub - "Hmo ntuj Hunter", uas pom nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti thiab pos huab.

Tus tshiab nyoob hoom qav taub thiab lub ntsiab sib txawv

Lub collective Bureau npe. Thousand muaj ib tug nyuaj ua hauj lwm. Yuav kom tsim ib tug tshiab lub tsheb nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov nineties, nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua, nws tsuas tsis muaj txaus nyiaj pab. Lub hauv paus raug coj Mi-28A, ib tug upgraded kev hloov kho ntawm lub Mi-28. Cov los ua ke kab ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv Rostov nws yog ntshaw tsis tau hloov, lub ntau lawm twb debug. Txawm li cas los, qhov yuav tsum tau ntsuam xyuas ntau tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv schemes yog twb lig. Mi-28A thiab Mi-26H heev uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv tsos. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li "tsos" yog nkaum ib tug loj sib txawv. Cov kev hloov cuam tshuam lub ntsiab gearbox thiab ntau lwm chav nyob. Lwm yog tus electronics thiab lwm yam thiab cov rooj sib txoos. Los ntawm cov laus nyoob hoom qav taub tseem yog ib tug haib armored fuselage, ib co riam phom systems thiab cov layout. Yog lwm nthuav dav uas paub qhov txawv cov kev sib ntaus los helicopters. Duab saum toj ntawm lub tshuab, namely lub axis ntawm lub rotor, qhia ib lub pob. Hais tias muaj ntau tag nrho-pom "ob lub qhov muag" ntawm tus neeg tua tsiaj.

General architecture

Glider Mi-28 yog ua nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov notions ntawm lub thib tsib-tiam kev sib ntaus los helicopters. 98% ntawm cov los ua ke units manufactured nyob rau hauv Russia. Cov tuaj no yog ua los ntawm puas polymer thiab muaj ib tug uniform qauv raws li profiles nrog tshwj xeeb aerodynamic yam ntxwv, uas thiaj li nrov ua los ntawm lawv. Bushings, feem ntau tsis xav tau oiling, uas zoo heev simplifies lub lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, designers yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej tias cov Mi-28N "Hmo ntuj Hunter" rau davhlau yam ntxwv (takeoff hnyav - 10,5 t, ceev - 300 km / h, lub-ru tsev - zoo li qub 3600m, 6000m dynamically tshwj kom txhob load - ntau tshaj 2 t) yog tsis inferior mus rau lub yooj yim qauv, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua tau aerobatics nyob rau hauv kev ua raws cai nrog rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus borrowed arrangement, booking thiab Individuals ntawm yooj yim tseem ceeb heev o. Nta mus kom ze yog yuav ua rau lub tsheb ib kiberorganizm nrog nws tus kheej sensorics thiab muaj peev xwm yuav hnov mob instantly hem uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nqe ntaus rog lub hom phiaj.

ACS

Tus tswj system yog kev ntau li ntau tau. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov hauj lwm muaj tso tawm rau peb cov ntxaij vab tshaus nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm ob cais booths. Cov ntaub ntawv ua yog nqa tawm peb onboard computer thiab ntau yam peripheral processors. Lub interface muaj ib qho qhib architecture uas ua rau nws yooj yim yuav hloov ua hauj lwm pab raws qib. Ergonomics cabins zoo tag nrho.

Cov Mi-28N "Hmo ntuj Hunter" nws tus kheej hais nws tus kheej coordinates. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws tau txais tag nrho cov system tswj ntaub ntawv los ntawm lwm lub hom phiaj qhov chaw: thermal sensors, cov koob yees duab thiab onboard kho qhov muag locator (RLS "hneev tua tav toj") muab tso rau hauv axis ntawm lub rotor. Tsaug rau cov lus qhia txog cov spatial txoj hauj lwm muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb nta ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm lub tshuab, xws li cov muaj peev xwm ya ntawm tsis tshua muaj neeg uas tsis muaj altitudes (5 meters), tsis siv neeg sib txawv los ntawm obstacles (tug, ntoo, fais fab kis kab txhawb, thiab lwm yam), Tsis hais cov kev sib tsoo nrog rau hauv av.

artillery riam phom

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb rau cov uas tsim lub nyoob hoom qav taub "Hmo ntuj Hunter", - tus cwj pwm ntawm hostilities nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm tsawg visibility thiab nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv qhia txog kev qhaj ntawv. Nws cov thawj, cov Mi-28, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov respects ib tug zoo heev tsheb, xws li nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm firepower, li ntawd, lub ntau yam ntawm caj npab Mi-24N feem ntau repeats cov tsab Tooling. Rab phom, 30 mm nyob rau hauv lub rab hneev tseem unchanged (2A42) raws li nws cov teb mechanism enabling shooting nyob rau hauv lub rear ib feem ntawm ib tug hemisphere (110 degrees) thiab ib tug sib txawv ntawm 53 degrees mas. Tej zaum nws yuav tsum tau hloov ntau heev tshaj dua zoo meej ntsuas, tsim rau cov Mi-28N. "Hmo ntuj Hunter" twb tsis tau tau tshem ntawm cov muaj zog feem, uas pub tua meej. phom luj, txo thiab txav los ze zog mus rau lub chaw ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm lub tshuab, raws li twb tau hais, engineers Thousand.

cuaj luaj

Coj missile "Ataka-V" yuav ntaus ntawm supersonic ceev tej armored phiaj, txawm veiled ERA. Cuam rau nws tsis ua hauj lwm - nws yuav kis tau los ntawm cov pos huab, haus luam yeeb thiab hmoov av. Tshiab ATGM "Ataka-D" tau ntau zog rau 8 km ntau yam. Tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov mob, cov neeg coob ntawm tus newest Lavxias teb sab nyoob hoom qav taub siv cov cuaj luaj. Muaj pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim txhais tau tias ntawm kev puas tsuaj, uas yog armed nrog Mi-28N. "Hmo ntuj Hunter" yuav zoo li Nursi C-13, C-57 los yog C-80, yog tias koj tsis yuav tsum tau siab cov neeg, nrog rau tej cuab yeej. Ua tau, txhua yam uas tiv thaiv lub Mi-24, yog nyob rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub, ntxiv ib yam dab tsi lwm tus. Piv txwv li, nws muaj peev xwm muab minefields.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tag nrho-scale hostilities tej zaum yuav lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv uas tus yeeb ncuab dav hlau yuav sim coj cov Mi-28N. "Hmo ntuj Hunter" yuav tsum tau mus rebuff rockets "huab cua - cua" P-73 yog tau sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv huab cua hom phaj, muaj ib tug high maneuverability thiab ceev.

Kev tiv thaiv thiab cawm

Tsev ntawm no nyoob hoom qav taub yog nws tsis qhia siab. Nws yuav tuaj ib tug tsawg qhov chaw siab tshaj, nkaum qab tej teeb meem, raug lead lom tsuas yog lawv radar. Cov neeg coob muaj lub sij hawm ua rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov teeb meem no, ua ib tug txiav txim siab thiab sai li sai tau nres, ntaus tus yeeb ncuab tag nrho lawv tej firepower. Tiv thaiv yeeb ncuab cua kws muaj txuj ci kuj ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom. Infrared missile cuab yuav muab sau ua ke los ntawm lub cua sov hneev taw ntawm lub tshuab, thiab cov npluag HC-26 xuas phom tua cia nrog ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm homing warheads.

Cockpit muab ncig booking. Cov kev tiv thaiv yog muab los ntawm 10-hli txhuas hlau daim ntawv nrog cov tso tej hub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. teeb armored iav muaj ib tug tuab ntawm 43 hli (lub taub hau-on) rau 22 hli (sab). Tus tsav lub rooj zaum thiab lub xov tooj yog tseem muab faib armor phaj.

Qhov no yuam tsis zoo li ntau heev nyob rau hauv muaj zog yeeb ncuab tua hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thov thiab tsim cov tswv yim uas txo lub ruaj khov ntawm qhov tseem ceeb heev lub Cheebtsam, namely:

- Xyaw yog spaced raws lub sab, uas qhov yuav tshwm ntawm ib tug simultaneous tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub projectile thaum ntaus;

- lub nyoob hoom qav taub yog tau mus cuag los luj rau ntawm ib tug cav, uas cia li puv tam sim ntawd nyob puv muaj peev xwm;

- tshaj plaws siv ntawm pneumatic txhais tau tias;

- Individuals ntawm lub ntsiab systems.

Muab thiab neeg coob ntawm tab tom yuav phom sij alert, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm capture nyoob hoom qav taub kev taw qhia systems uas lawv paub txog nws instantly thiab muaj peev xwm li yuav ntsuas kom txuag lub tsheb, los yog nyob rau lub feem ntau unfavorable tej yam, lawv lub neej. Bailout ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ob hom, cov kev xaiv uas nyob rau hauv lub qhov siab (txog li 100 m los yog ntau tshaj). Yog li muaj ib tug shooting tuaj thiab tis panels.

Thiab muaj ib tug nyuaj tsaws hom. Armchairs thiab tsaws iav yog tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev raws li kom them tau tus momentum thiab txo tus quab yuam ntawm feem nyob rau hauv av. Nyob rau hauv kev, CB engineers ua lawv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg coob lub neej yog qhov tsawg tau uas muaj feem yuav.

Lub export version

Analysis ntawm tactical thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm "Hmo ntuj Hunter" ua rau lub xaus hais tias Russia lub armed forces yog cov zoo tshaj plaws kev sib ntaus los nyoob hoom qav taub nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm kev ua tau sib ntaus los missions nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj tej yam kev mob: nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov tsaus ntuj, pos huab, cov pa luam yeeb thiab hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov neeg coob muaj ib tug high sij hawm mus cawm ib tug lub neej txawm nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau tsis kaj scenario battlefield. Nws yog tsis xav tsis thoob hais tias tsis yog tsuas yog tus Lavxias teb sab Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci, tab sis lwm lub teb chaws xav kom equip nws pab tub rog Mi-28N. Duab ntawm cov cav tov nrog tej lub cim ntawm cov cua Force ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, Algeria thiab Iraq nyob rau hauv lub xovxwm sai, nws yog tau hais tias nyob rau hauv ib co Latin American lub teb chaws, lawv yuav tiv thaiv lub teb chaws kev txaus siab. Zoo txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub "Hmo ntuj Hunter" thiab tsom lub Swedish tsoom fwv. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus export version yog txawv los ntawm lub sab hauv Lavxias teb sab instrumentation thiab sau ib co nta ntawm riam phom systems.