Lo lus nrog cov tom qab "uk". Spelling lus nrog lus "IR"

Lo lus nrog lus -ek - / - IR yeej ib txwm ua rau ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus nug los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Ntxiv mus, tsis yog txhua tus neeg laus paub nyob rau hauv uas tus neeg mob sau los yog hais tias morpheme. Uas yog vim li cas xa khoom, peb tau txiav txim siab mus devote no qhov teeb meem.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Yuav ua li cas yog 2 lo lus suffixed -ik-. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws tsis yog yooj yim ua, tiam sis tsuas yog hais tias koj paub qhov yooj yim txoj cai ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab lus, uas piav txog qhov txawv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv "i" thiab "e" nyob rau hauv lub morpheme. Tom qab tag nrho, ib txhia ntawm cov neeg lossi ua ib yam yuam kev, thiab es tsis txhob ntawm "qhov tseem ceeb" sau "klyuchek" es tsis txhob "lam ua" - "kustek", "lub pob" - "myachek" thiab thiaj on. Uas yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm no lub npe yog muab tshwj xeeb mloog.

Thaum twg kuv muab tso rau tsab ntawv "i"?

Thiab yog dab tsi lus nrog lus -ek - / - IR, koj puas paub? Cov no muaj xws li nram qab no: rooj zaum, tus tub xeeb ntxwv, tus tub, cib, taum mog, riam, mem hluav, tswb, nplooj, pob rauj, paj, nplooj, Bush, ogonochek, svistochek, stebelochek, qhov tseem ceeb, me nyuam tub, qhov ntswg, dib, rooj zaum, tus ntiv tes xoo , hlais, lub ntsej muag, ob lub hnab, pob, khaub hlab pirozhochek, choj Kalachik, dav hlau, ntsia hlau, ribbon, los nag, taum mog, vaj teb, thiab thiaj li tawm kotonochek.

Raws li koj tau pom, txhua hais tias lo lus uas tus suffix -ik- seb puas tsimnyog tau loj xav phem cais tsis hais txog nws cov tseeb sau. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no morpheme sawv nyob rau hauv unstressed txoj hauj lwm, thiab yog li ntawd nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los mus txiav txim yog dab tsi tsim nyog rau muab tso rau ib tug cim rau ntawm qhov kawg - "i" los yog "e" (thiab, tej zaum, thiab "o"?). Uas yog vim li cas peb pom zoo kom mus ntsib cov cov kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus.

Cov yooj yim txoj cai

Lo lus nrog cov tom qab -ik- yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv xwb yog hais tias tus cim "i" yog muab nyob rau hauv nws poob. Rau clarity, peb muaj tej piv txwv:

• cwj mem qhuav - mem hluav;
• rooj zaum - couch;
• dib - dib;
• Kalachik - txog li;
• hav txwv yeem - ib tug hav txwv yeem;
• Spout - spout;
• Sis - siab lub rooj zaum;
• Tom ntiv tes xoo - Tom ntiv tes xoo;
• ntsej muag - lub ntsej muag;
• me nyuam tub - ib tug me nyuam tub;
• tseem ceeb - tus yuam sij;
• pob - ib tug pob;
• dav hlau - lub dav hlau;
• nplooj - nplooj;
• cog - ib tug cog;
• hneev - ib tug hneev nti;
• choj - choj;
• cib - cib;
• nag - los nag;
• vaj - lub vaj thiab thiaj li nyob.

Thaum twg kuv muab tso rau tsab ntawv "e"?

Yuav kom kawm tau li cas koj yuav mus saib lo lus nrog lub suffix -ik-, peb tham ib tug me ntsis ntau dua. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus yog tsis yooj yim dua thiab yog lexical units uas muaj ib tug morpheme -ek-. Thiab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua kom paub tseeb tias cov lus no yeej sau tsab ntawv "e", lawv kuj xav kom poob. Yog hais tias nws yog txawj (ie dauv), nws yuav tsum tau raug xam tias tsuas yog tus suffix -ek-.

Muab ua piv txwv piv txwv:

• tswb - tswb;
• granddaughters - granddaughter;
• ogonochek - ogonoChKa;
• peas - ntsuab taum mog;
• riam - riam;
• pob - pob;
• svistochek - whistles;
• rauj - hammers;
• nplooj - leaflets;
• noob txiv - Ceev;
• tus tub - tub;
• stebelochek - stebeloChKa;
• daim - daim;
• Hnab - hnab;
• Paj - Paj;
• khaub hlab - ib tug khaub hlab;
• pirozhochek - pirozhoChKa;
• kotonochek - me nyuam miv thiab thiaj li nyob.

Raws li koj tau pom, nws yog heev yooj yim los mus txiav txim yuav ua li cas sau ntawv rau lo lus nrog lub suffix -ik- thiab uas - nrog rau cov tom qab -ek-. Incidentally, xws li ib tug morpheme nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab yog hu ua alternating. Tsis zoo li invariable, ywj siab ntawm lawv sau tej lub sijhawm (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg cim thaum declination lo lus).

Npe nrog lub suffix -ok-

Peb tau pom tias cov lus nrog cov tom qab -ik-. -Ok- raws li ib tug morpheme npe. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm lub derivation ntawm xws li ib tug tom qab yog tsis nyob rau hauv kev ua xyem xyav. Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas? Lub fact tias cov morpheme sawv cev yuav luag ib txwm occupies tawm txoj hauj lwm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tsab ntawv "o" nyob rau hauv lub tom qab -ok- hnov meej li meej tau. Rau clarity, peb yuav muab ib co piv txwv:

• cam;
• spinning top;
• tus tub;
• rauj;
• shooter;
• qaib;
• dag;
• Berezhok;
• chalk;
• Kws muaj txuj;
• daus;
• nuv;
• Tsev loj thiab thiaj li nyob.

Lus -ek- thiab -ok- tom qab schipyaschih consonants

Hais txog dab tsi lus suffixed -ik-, -ek- -ok- thiab muaj, koj paub. Txawm li cas los, qhov no seb puas tsimnyog tau ib tug tshiab lo lus nug: "Thaum yog lub xeem ob morphemes tom qab hissing yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tsab ntawv" e ", thiab nyob rau hauv uas - 'hais txog'?" Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj los mus txiav txim yuav ua li cas los kho: Cockerel los yog petushEk. Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas? Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum lub sij hawm hais ntawm lexical chav nyob thiab tsab ntawv "e" thiab cov ntawv "o" tom qab sibilant consonants yog hnov li [txog].

Txoj cai sau ntawv niam "e" thiab "o" tom qab lub sov

Yog hais tias lub tom qab sawv tom qab hissing tsiaj ntawv, cov kev nyuaj siab ntog, koj yuav tsum sau ntawv xwb morpheme -ok-. Ntawm no yog ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv:

• Berezhok;
• qaib;
• cam;
• spinning top;
• neeg pluag;
• spinning top;
• tus txiv neej laus;
• cab;
• khau raj;
• dag;
• leap;
• bong;
• tus tub;
• daus;
• Nqe lauj thiab lwm tus neeg.

Raws li rau lub suffix -ek-, nws muab tso rau tsuas yog cov lus hais tias nws tsis poob rau hauv lub luag Iwm haiv neeg, thiab yog hais tias xws li ib tug lexical tsev loses nws cim nyob rau hauv declension.

Rau clarity, peb yuav muab ib qho piv txwv:

• riam
• nutlet
• granddaughters;
• taum mog;
• tswb;
• pob;
• rauj;
• nplooj;
• ogonOchek;
• svistOchek;
• tus tub;
• paj;
• stebelOchek;
• ib daim;
• hnab;
• gully;
• khaub hlab;
• pirozhOchek;
• kotOnochek thiab lwm tus neeg.

Txoj kev rau cov tsim ntawm cov lo lus siv tom qab -ok-

Yuav ua li cas tsim cov lus no? Npe nrog lub suffix -IR - / - EK tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxiv mus rau lub morpheme hauv paus ntawm keywords. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, peb tau txais ib tug tshiab lexical unit, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub diminutive nqi (xws li, cov rooj zaum, pob, granddaughters, nplooj, rauj, tswb, thiab lwm yam). Raws li rau lub suffix -ok-, nws muab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam tseem ceeb:

• Diminutive, ua raws li los ntawm kev qhia ntawm tus tsiaj (tam sim no piv txwv gulls, khub niam txiv zyatok, pwm, daim ntawv thiab thiaj li nyob.).
• Action (muab ib qho piv txwv: ib tug rua lo, muab pov, ncaws, haus dej haus, neej phem, mob stroke, laub, dhia, ncuav pias, dhia, tig, paj rwb, thiab lwm yam).
• Subject, tab sis, theej lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev txiav txim (muab ib qho piv txwv: lub nti, ib tug kauj, hauv paus qhia pwm, imprint, plooj kev sib hais haum, kev sib hais haum thiab thiaj li nyob.).
• Cov kev kawm, los yog es ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev txiav txim (muab ib qho piv txwv: ib tug xuav, tswb, horn, etc.).
• Cov kev kawm, los yog es hais txog txoj kev txiav txim (e.g., ntab, engine, kab thiab thiaj li nyob.).
• Venue (ice rink).
• Diminutive los yog tsuas yog tus tsiaj tus nqi (e.g., Ninka, Witek, Lidok, Igoryok, Sasha, thiab lwm yam).
• Ib tug neeg uas ua qhov kev txiav txim (e.g., lub caij, eater, sub neeg uas ua ntawv yamntxwv thiab lwm yam).
• Lub ntsej muag, uas tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav txim (e.g., ntxov ntxov tus me nyuam, degenerate, overgrown nedorostok, tub hluas thiab thiaj li nyob.).
• Cov yus ib tug zoo uas yog lus dag nyob rau hauv motivating lo lus (e.g., txwv zeej txwv koob, xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, thiab lwm yam).
• Subject yus kos npe rau, uas yog hu ua motivating chaw (e.g., wilding, protein, nkaub thiab thiaj li nyob.).
• Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, uas yog hu ua motivating noun (e.g., cwj mem av dawb).
• Ib tug chav tsev yog sau ua ke rau npe thiab yog ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm zoo tib yam khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj raws nraim li ntau hu ua lub motivating npe ntawm tus tus nab npawj (eg, tsib, kaum thiab thiaj li nyob.).