Hoofed tsiaj: kev faib thiab yam ntxwv nta

Nees, twjkum, hippo, nees caj dab ntev, mos lwj ... ua li cas koj xav hais tias, yog dab tsi koom siab ua ke no fauna? Tag nrho cov tsiaj yog ungulates. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav nrhiav tau tawm qhov qhia ntawm kev faib thiab yam ntxwv nta ntawm cov neeg sawv cev Cab chav kawm ntawv.

Hoofed tsiaj: zoo sib xws

Cov ntiv taw ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tsiaj yog them nrog horny formations - hooves. Qhov no kuj tso nyiaj rau lawv lub npe. Lub hauv paus ntawm ungulates noj cov zaub mov yog cog khoom noj khoom haus. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, lawv muaj zoo-tsim hniav puas nrog ib tug pleated nto thiab incisors. Lawv siv kev sib tsoo khoom noj khoom haus. Muaj peev xwm mus ceev ceev khiav, cia siab rau tus ntiv tes, yog lwm kos npe, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm cov tsiaj. Ungulates kuj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tsa ntawm lub qaum povtseg nws daim siv sia - lawv tsis tau tsim lub clavicle.

detachment ntawm equines

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no pab pawg neeg yog heev ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj. Ungulates ua ke rau hauv ob squads. Thaum xub thawj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntiv tes rau ntawm ib tug povtseg yog ib tug los yog peb. Lawv yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov kev txiav txim Perissodactyla. Niaj hnub nimno taxonomy muaj xws li 16 hom ntawm cov tsiaj. Cov feem ntau sawv daws yuav yog cov nees txaij, nees, cov tsiaj qus lub nroog Yeiuxalees, nees luav, phaw twj kum. Lawv plab muaj ib tug yooj yim qauv, li ntawd, lub plab zom mov ntawm tsob nroj khoom noj noj ib feem cov kab mob uas nyob rau hauv cov nyuv.

Tsis-ruminant artiodactyls

Cov neeg sawv cev Artiodactyls detachment txawv yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub digestive system. Npua thiab hippos yog non-ruminant. Lawv tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug loj heev lub cev thiab raug luv luv nqua, uas yog nyob rau plaub ntiv tes. Lawv digestive system yog txheem rau cov tswv cuab ntawm lub mammalian qauv. Lub plab yog yooj yim, tsis txawv mus rau hauv lub tuam tsev.

Cov neeg sawv cev uas tsis yog-ruminant lug paub. Piv txwv li, ib tug loj hoofed tsiaj - qus npua teb los yog npua. Nws yog yooj yim pom tau hais tias los ntawm lub elongated muzzle nrog ib tug liab qab "dimes" nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Nrog nws, tus tsiaj digs hauv av, ua zaub mov noj. Npua teb phem tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntoo qhib thiab beech rainforests, tuab tsob nroj thickets.

Lwm piv txwv yog ib tug uas tsis yog-ruminant ungulates ntxhw dej los yog ntxhw dej. Qhov no yog ib tug tiag tiag giant, weighing mus txog peb tons. Nws tuab daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau tas li ya raws. Yog li ntawd, hippos yog semi-dej txoj kev ua neej. Lawv yog cov heev nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov qhov chaw ntawm East thiab Central teb chaws Africa. Txawm li cas los, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm poaching extermination ntawm feem ntau ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv.

cloven-hoofed ruminants

Nws kuj hoofed tsiaj, tab sis lawv pom qhov txawv feature yog lub tshwj xeeb tsa ntawm lub digestive system. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm ntse incisors txiav siav qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tshuaj kho mob yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov qaub ncaug, thaum lub sij hawm ntxiv cov neeg kho tshuab hniav sib tsoo - tiaj hniav puas.

ruminant lub plab muaj plaub tshwj xeeb departments. Tus thawj, thiab feem ntau voluminous ntawm lawv, hu ua lub rumen. Nws tshwm sim enzymatic kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom noj. Cov tshuaj yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov qaub ncaug thiab faib tej yam kev symbiotic cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub plab.

Tom ntej no cov khoom noj khoom haus nkag mus rau hauv daim phiaj, thiab cov tsiaj regurgitate nws rov qab mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Ntawm no thiab cov pos hniav tsim. Nws rov moistened nrog qaub ncaug, zom, thiab ces mus rau lub thib peb plab - ib phau ntawv.

Qhov no yog ib feem yog li lub npe tsis yog kev huam yuaj. Nws cov phab ntsa muaj folds uas yeej yog visually zoo xws li cov nplooj ntawv hauv phau ntawv. Li no tus cov nqis zaub mov nkag mus rau hauv lub xeem division, uas yog hu ua "rennet", uas thaum kawg yog cleaved los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm pais plab kua txiv. Rau ruminants xws li giraffes, bulls, mos lwj, tshis, mos lwj, nyuj qus thiab mos lwj.

Ko taw tsiaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg economic kev ua si

Muaj ntau hom ntawm ungulates yog ntawm kuj zoo kawg economic tseem ceeb. Cov feem ntau cov tawm piv txwv yog lub luag universal txoj kev loj hlob ntawm npua chaw ua taus zes. Tus txiv neej tau ua ib tug yug me nyuam rau cov tsiaj yog tseem BC. e. thaum lub sij hawm lub txheej thaum ub txheej. Thoob plaws no sib mus txog ua tsaug rau siab tsim kev kawm, lub zog tus nqi, unpretentious rau kev nyab xeeb tej yam kev mob. Npua chaw ua taus zes yog tus ua ceg nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj tus tsiaj husbandry, Nyiv, Kauslim Teb, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Teb chaws Aas Kiv, Fabkis, Russia, thiab Ukraine.

"Haus dej, cov me nyuam, mis nyuj - yuav noj qab nyob zoo!" Cov no yog cov paub rau tag nrho cov los ntawm thaum yau txoj hlua nco txhua txhua ib ntawm peb. Nyuj - lwm loj ungulates tus tsiaj uas neeg kheev siv nyob rau hauv lawv ua lag ua luam kev ua ub no. Nws koom nyob rau hauv chaw ua taus zes rau tsim tsis tsuas mis nyuj thiab nqaij, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb heev daim tawv nqaij. Tus txiv neej pib domesticate nyuj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm Neolithic, tab sis tseem nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws, lawv yuav muab xam dawb ceev cov tsiaj. Ntiaj teb cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov nyuj yog lub tebchaws United States, Brazil, Tuam Tshoj, Argentina, Russia.

Yog li ntawd hu ua ungulates tsiaj nyob rau hauv uas tus ntiv tes muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tuab horny formations. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Cab chav kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov ntiv tes rau ntawm lub nqua paub qhov txawv unpaired - thiab cloven-hoofed tsiaj.