Ferroalloy - dab tsi yog qhov no? ferroalloy tsob nroj

Lub metallurgical kev lag luam yog ib tug high-tech kev lag luam, uas yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas cov kev pab, tab sis kuj tsim cov khoom los yog additives uas txhim kho txoj kev kawm ntawm cov hlau. Rau zus tau tej cov hlau siv hlau alloys nrog tej yam. Cov uas ua tebchaw - qhov no yog ib tug Ferro-alloys.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws?

Ferrosplav - ib cov khoom tsim nyog rau lub metallurgical kev lag luam, siv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm doping, deoxidation, refining ferrous thiab uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau. Lub hauv paus ferroalloy nteg hlau hlau (Fe, ferrum) nrog additives (manganese, poov tshuaj, molybdenum, pob zeb ntais, thiab lwm yam). Qhuav yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb units.

Rau hnub tim, cov khoom siv rau qhov siv thiab ua ib tug hlau hlau uas muaj ntau tshaj nees nkaum ntsiab. Tshiab kev tshawb fawb thiab muaj kev xav qhia ib qho kev nce rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib txuas.

lub sij hawm ntawm ferroalloys

Nyob rau hauv lub hlau thiab steel ferroalloys siv los dope, uas tso cai rau koj yuav tau txais ntau tshaj li 2.5 txhiab txawv qib ntawm hlau. Lub zoo steels yog siv nyob rau hauv tsuas, metallurgical, tshuaj, kev tsim kho, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam thiab lwm yam lag luam. Ferroalloy - nyob rau hauv ib tug additive hlau, uas yog tswvcuab rau hloov lub zog ntawm cov zaum kawg khoom. Kho steel qualities yuav txhim kho txhua yam khoom, ua hauj kub extremes los yog txhoj puab heev tshuaj ib puag ncig. Qhov kawg thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yog tswvcuab thaum lub sij hawm lub hlau smelting.

Ferroalloy ntau lawm thiab lawv siv pub kom tau ntxiv alloyed steel nrog kho functionality, e.g., ib tug uas tsis yog-sib nqus khoom los yog lub cuab tam. Deoxidation ntawm steel siv cov ferroalloy yog tsim nyog rau cov thwj toob thiab O nyob rau hauv cov pa slag yuag tag nrho. Ntawm no yog siv cov hlau tebchaw nrog pob zeb ntais, titanium, txhuas thiab li ntawd.

Tsis tas li ntawd ferroalloy - ib tug modifier rau steel los yog cam khwb cia hlau, tsim los txo cov grain qauv ntawm cov khoom thiab txhim kho muaj feem xyuam rau li ntawm txhua yam khoom. Rau builder hlau ua ke nrog ob peb ntsiab xws li calcium + pob zeb ntais, hlau + manganese + hlau + magnesium thiab silicon al.

raw cov ntaub ntawv

ferroalloy ntau lawm pib nrog nyoos ore uas yog noo nrog ib lub pab pawg neeg ntawm cov ntsiab. Piv txwv li, rau ferrosilicon thiab ferrochromium siv enriched ore, thiab rau ferrotitanium los yog ferrotungsten yog ib tug concentrate pub. Cov hauj txheej txheem muaj xws li ib kauj ruam ntawm kev txo hlau oxides, muaj nyob rau hauv lub chaw tub rog. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyst yog hlau los yog nws cov oxides. Siv lub caij tau txais cov tej yam kev mob rau ib tug ruaj khov daim ntawv thiab lub tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm rov qab oxidation. Hlau thiab steel kev lag luam nyob rau tam sim no theem rau feem ntau cov feem ntau siv cov qauv ntawm cov electrothermal zus tau tej cov ferroalloys, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Melting hlau nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ferroalloy thiaj li kub nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg, yog li kom txhob muaj hwj chim noj ntawm siv thiab ua.

hom ferroalloys

Tam sim no, lub ntiaj teb no zus tau tej cov ferroalloys yog 16.5 lab tons ib xyoos twg. Tooj ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov pua pua ntawm hom uas siab raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm zus tau tej cov hlau (dog dig, tshwj xeeb, kev tsim kho). Russia feem nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lawm yog 12.7%, cov uas txaus yog nyob los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, US, Nyiv. Ferroalloy - qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov khoom, nws cov yog ib tug pheej kev taw qhia ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub lag luam.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm ferroalloys:

• Ferrosilicon.
• Silicocalcium.
• Ferromanganese.
• Ferrochrome (ntawm nruab nrab, tsawg-carbon, carbon-free).
• Silikohrom.
• Ferrotungsten.
• Ferromolybdenum.
• Ferrovanadium.
• Ferrotitanium.
• Ferroboron.
• Exothermic alloys.

ferroalloy kev lag luam

Ferroalloy kev lag luam nyob rau hauv Russia tau sawv cev los ntawm ib tug enterprise, nyob rau hauv lub Urals kom txog rau thaum 1917. fais fab nroj tsuag muaj li ntawm ob furnaces ntawm 250 kW. 4 nroj tsuag twb qhia nyob rau hauv lub 30s nyob rau hauv lub lag luam: Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Zaporozhye (Ukraine), Zestafoni (Georgia).

Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1942 mus 1945 nws ua tau thiab launched Kuznetsky, Aktobe, Klyuchevskii ferroalloy nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv lub postwar xyoo twb muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam nyob rau hauv theem Serov (1956), Stakhanov nyob rau hauv Ukraine (1962), Nikopol (Ukraine, 1966), Ermak nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan (1968). Tswvcuab hwj chim tag nrho siav cov kev xav tau ntawm cov domestic kev ua lag luam thiab tso cai rau nkag mus rau lub teb chaws kev ua lag luam nrog ib tug sib tw kev. Tag nrho cov ntim ntawm ntau lawm ntawm ferroalloys thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union li cas 6 lab tons ib xyoos twg. Nyob rau hauv Russia kaum nroj tsuag kev khiav hauj lwm hnub no, specializing nyob rau hauv cov ferroalloys. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm no yog lub Chelyabinsk metallurgical Cog.

Aksu cog nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan

Aksu Ferroalloy tsob nroj yog nyob rau hauv lub Pavlodar cheeb tsam ntawm Kazakhstan. Kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1995, nws lub npe hu ua Ermak Ferroalloys, txib hnub - 1966. Nyob rau hauv 1995 lub tuam txhab ntawd muag rau tus Japanese lub tuam txhab Nyiv Chrom Corp., nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm "Kazchrome" corporation. Tag nrho cov txhua xyoo ntau lawm yog hais txog ib tug lab tons ntawm cov khoom. Tam sim no, lub tuam txhab yog ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm alloys. Zog noj peev xwm ntawm 600 megawatts. Lub ntsiab tag nrho cov domestic khoom - chromium, manganese, pob zeb ntais alloys.

Qhuav muaj peev xwm:

• Plaub smelter.
• Nees nkaum-rau hluav taws xob furnaces nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 16.5 mus 63 MVA.
• Ob tug preparatory kev cob qhia.
• Slag ua nroj tsuag.
• Neeg kho tshuab kho kav.
• Txoj kev thiab kev tsheb nqaj hlau nroj tsuag.

Tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm tuam txhab neeg - 6,000 tus neeg.

Novokuznetsk tsob nroj

Nyob rau hauv 1942 nws pib tsim ferroalloys Novokuznetsk. Nyob rau hauv 1992 lub tuam txhab hloov nws daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv, ua ib tug sib koom Tshuag lub tuam txhab. Tus thawj hloov ntawm cov tswv cuab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 2000, cov kev tswj tuam txhab tau los ua ib tug pab pawg neeg MDM. Thiab txij li thaum 2010 cov nroj tsuag saib xyuas los ntawm lub Ural-Siberian metallurgical tuam txhab.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog npaj rau deoxidizing, alloying ntawm steel ferrosilicon. Rau cov engineering kev lag luam muab modifiers siv nyob rau hauv lub melting ntawm hlau. Ib tug tshiab hom ntawm ntau lawm microsilica siv los mus ua hlau thiab tundishes muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm casting.

Klyuchevskii tsob nroj

Klyuchevskii Ferroalloy tsob nroj twb nrhiav tau rau lub hauv paus ntawm hromoobogatitelnoy Hoobkas nyob rau hauv 1941. Rau hnub tim, lub tsuas post-Soviet qhov chaw tam sim no tsim ntau tshaj 30 hom ntawm ferroalloys, alloys. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab "MidUral Group".

Cov kab kev los ntawm cov khoom no muaj xws li:

• Silicocalcium nrog ntxiv ntawm vanadium, zirconium, titanium, txhuas.
• Silikovanady, ferronioby, silicocalcium, ferrotitanium.
• Modifier ferrosilikotsirkony magnesium cov ntsiab lus.
• Ligature - raws li nyob rau hauv niobium thiab npib tsib xee los ntawm cov uas tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb co.
• Slag thiab al.

Tam sim no cov khoom siv rau deoxidizing, alloying, Degassing lub hlau thiab nws alloys, raws li zoo raws li modifiers hlau.

Nikopol ferroalloy

Cov thawj theem ntawm cov nroj tsuag twb launched nyob rau hauv 1966. Txij li thaum 1968, lub tuam txhab yog suav tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Qhov loj tshaj flowering thiab tag nrho muaj peev xwm siv Nikopol Ferroalloy tsob nroj tiav nyob rau hauv 1985-1990. Tom qab uas ntau lawm pib kom txo tau tshee. Rau hnub tim, cov nroj tsuag - ib tug paub tias kev lag luam thawj coj nyob rau hauv Ukraine. Vim lub nyuaj nyiaj txiag teeb meem no nws yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm kaw.

cov khoom:

• Ferrosilikatomarganets.
• Ferromanganese.
• electrode muab tshuaj txhuam.
• Fluxes.
• Slag ntxhib no los txhuam, rubble.
• Nce ntau lawm.

Cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv Bratsk

Bratsk Ferroalloy tsob nroj yog nyob rau hauv lub Irkutsk cheeb tsam thiab yog cov coob tsim kom muaj cov ferrosilicon East Siberian cheeb tsam. Lub Hoobkas yog tsim los pab rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib qho ntawm lub khw ntawm cov Bratsk txhuas nroj tsuag. cov lag luam yuav tsum tau yog vim muaj lub domestic kev thov rau semiconductors, solar hlwb, electronics. Lub ntsiab yam khoom ntawm lub enterprise yog ferrosilicon nrog ib tug high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon - mus txog rau 75%. Qhov teeb meem yog tswm nyob rau hauv 1998. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ruaj ntseg nws tus kheej raw cov ntaub ntawv BFZ tsim lub Uvat quartzite ore. Lub industrial complex tau txais hluav taws xob los ntawm cov nyob ze Bratsk HPP, uas ho cov nqi ntawm ntau lawm, ntau tshaj ib feem peb ntawm uas muag cov tswj tuam txhab "Mechel" ntawm qhauj.

Serov

Serov Ferroalloys yog muaj rau ntau tshaj 50 xyoo. Cov nroj tsuag yog ob loj tshaj plaws tsim nyob rau hauv Russia. Cov khoom tseem ceeb - carbon ferrochrome (high-carbon, medium-carbon, tsawg-carbon, ferrosilicochrome). Cov thawj theem ntawm cov nroj tsuag twb launched nyob rau hauv 1961. Rau hnub tim, ib feem ntawm lub tuam txhab "CHMEK".

ferroalloy tsob nroj yog nyob rau hauv lub Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam (Serov), txhua xyoo lub peev xwm ntau yog hais txog 200 txhiab tons ntawm tiav lawm cov khoom. Nws ua ib tug loj spectrum ntawm ligatures rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov uas tsis muaj ferrochromium tau los ntawm nws melts. Teb rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov domestic steel kev ua lag luam, lub tuam txhab mastered rau lub zus tau tej cov ferrosilicon. Cov khoom uas yog tauj rau ntau txawv teb chaws thiab domestic qhauj roars.

Aktobe tsob nroj

Cov nroj tsuag yog nyob rau hauv Aktobe (Kazakhstan). Tus thawj tuj ntawm ferroalloys tau tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv 1943. Cov khoom tseem ceeb - ferroaluminum, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferrotsink, nonferrous co thiab lawv alloys, rau alloys ntawm catalytic dab.

Aktobe ferroalloys cog txhua xyoo ua ntau tshaj li 300,000 tons ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub tuam txhab ua concentrates rau metallurgy (ilmentinovy, zircon, rutile). Cov nroj tsuag yog ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv cov kev lag luam. Management lub tuam txhab - TNK "Kazchrome".

Nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv Russia thiab CIS ferroalloys

Enterprises Russia:

• Alapaevsk metallurgy Hoobkas khoom - ferromanganese.
• Kosogorsky MTZ Tula, cov khoom - npua hlau, ferromanganese.
• Serov, cov khoom - carbon ferrochrome.
• Bratsk nroj tsuag, cov khoom tseem ceeb - ferrosilicon.
• Ryazan tsob nroj, cov khoom tseem ceeb - ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium, Ferro-tungsten, alloys ntawm tsis tshua muaj co yog ua nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
• Tikhvin cog khoom - cov pa roj carbon ferrochrome.
• Kuznetsk Ferroalloy tsob nroj (ferrosilicon).
• Klyuchevskii cog ua tsawg alloys - ferroboron, ferronoby, ferrotitanium, thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Chelyabinsk IEC - ib tug lag luam thawj coj. Tam sim no khoom - ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrosilicochrome, silicocalcium thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Kingisepp tsob nroj (ferromanganese, silicomanganese).

Enterprises Ukraine:

• Zaporizhia ferroalloy cog manufactures ferrosilicon manganese hlau, ferroalloys, thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Nikopol, cov khoom - ferroalloys, ferromanganese, thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Stakhanov nyob rau hauv Lugansk cheeb tsam, hom ntawm cov khoom - ferroalloys, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese.
• Donetsk Ferroalloys tsob nroj, cov khoom tseem ceeb - Ferroaljuminy.

Thaum pib ntawm 2017 Ukrainian tuam txhab uas muag yuav luag ho tsum lawm ua hauj lwm vim lub civil tsov rog thiab kev sib sib zog nqus economic ntsoog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Enterprises Kazakhstan:

• Aktobe nroj tsuag, khoom raws li chromium, manganese, pob zeb ntais alloys.
• Aksu cog ua ferromanganese, ferrochrome thiab lwm tus neeg.

Georgian manufacturers:

• Zestafoni Hoobkas manufactured hom ferroalloys - ferromanganese.