Analysis ntawm Mayakovsky tus "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab". V. V. Mayakovskogo paj huam "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab"

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky - ib qho ntawm lub brightest cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov paj huam ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Nws cov kwv huam thiab plays rau ib ntev lub sij hawm tau ua classics, thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Analysis ntawm Mayakovsky tus "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" yog ib tug software, raws li qhov no zaj paj huam qhia txog cov style thiab artistic hom kev kawm ntawm cov kws sau paj lug.

Luv luv biography V. V. Mayakovskogo

Lub neej yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug yug nyob rau hauv Georgia nyob rau hauv lub zos me me ntawm Baghdad. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub junior high chav xyaum tes taw Vladimir Vladimirovich pib mus kawm ua tus qauv qhia thiab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub revolutionary sib. Nyob rau hauv 1906, tom qab nws txiv tuag, Mayakovsky tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow. Ntawm no nws pib dag ua hauj lwm, rau cov uas nws tau hais ntau ntau zaus xa mus rau tsev lojcuj. Raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Painting, puab thiab Architecture, tau ntsib nrog tus Futurists. Tam sim no nws cov hauj lwm yog pib inextricably txuas nrog no sib. Thiab tus thawj zaj paj huam ntawm Mayakovsky raug luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub anthology ntawm lub Futurists 'Ncuav nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm Public Saj ".

Ib tug kws sau paj lug yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob lub sij hawm: lub pre-revolutionary, qhov twg tus kwv uas satire yog cov bourgeoisie thiab dawb tiv thaiv, thiab tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, nyob rau hauv uas irony qhia rau cov shortcomings ntawm kev kawm zej zog. Txawv txawv nyob rau hauv suab thiab atherosclerosis ntawm cov paj huam, sarcastic thiab satirical ntawv Vladimir Mayakovsky. "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" - ib tug paj huam, uas nyob rau tag nrho cov Cheebtsam ntawm cov kws ntawv cov ntse heev.

ntsiab kwv huam

Tag nrho cov tswv yim zoo txhim Mayakovsky muaj ib tug muaj zog satirical orientation. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tom qab lub sij hawm zaj paj huam (20s) txawv unprecedented thematic richness. Muaj yog ib tug xav hais tias ib tug kub txhais tes satirist thiab ntse tus nplaig tau txais tag nrho cov shortcomings ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Heroes ntawm tej hauj lwm, thiab thiaj li cov khoom ntawm irony, ua ruaj ruaj, tus tshiab bourgeoisie, phem, lim hiam, kab, ris, Filixatee, bigots, gossips, idlers, drunkards, siab tsis ncaj, bunglers, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Cov paj huam "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab"

Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, nruab nrab ntawm 1920-1921 xyoo, sau ib tug ntawm nws finest kwv huam Mayakovsky - "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab". Subject accusations ntawm philistinism hais tias "tau txais tawm ntawm lub qab ntawm lub RSFSR", los ua lub hauv paus rau kev ua hauj lwm.

satirical motifs

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom qab lub kiv puag ncig satire Mayakovsky nce, nws yuav ntau mob thiab tshuaj pleev. Nyob hauv ib lub theem ntawm creativity kws sau paj lug nws tus kheej tiv thaiv senseless pawg neeg, uas tsis to taub txog cov lofty hom phiaj ntawm cov kws ntawv. Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, tag nrho cov sarcasm Mayakovsky rov cov yeeb ncuab ntawm communism. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kws sau paj lug thuam philistinism nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov ces. Nws yog zoo hais thiab thriving nyob rau hauv lub tshiab Soviet lub neej tradesmen tau ntsib Mayakovsky defeat lub ntawm UFW ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Tab sis kom to taub thiab xav tias cov tswv yim xav tau tswv yim tsom xam ntawm Mayakovsky. "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" - ib tug paj huam uas zoo tshaj plaws haum rau lub hom phiaj no.

Nws pib ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug ntse zoo. Cov thawj kab, sounding zoo li: "Hwjchim ci ntsa iab, hwjchim ci ntsa iab, hwjchim ci ntsa iab rau lub heroes", tseem lig contrasting, "Tam sim no wb tham txog khoom." Tab sis leej twg yog no "khoom"? Nws hloov tawm mus rau yuav tsum tau "petty bourgeoisie", uas tsis tsuas dim thaum lub sij hawm lub kiv puag ncig, tab sis kuj zoo kawg nkaus yoog mus rau lub neej tshiab, owning ib tug "cozy chav thiab spalenki". Qhia thiab sau ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov perturbations ntawm tej Mayakovsky tsom xam. "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" yog tsis muaj tsuas yog, thiab tau absorbed tag nrho cov indignation thiab tawm tsam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug.

Filixatee nyob rau hauv kev to taub Mayakovsky tsis yog qias neeg thiab qias neeg vim hais tias ntawm nws cov kev ua neej, uas yuav tsuas yuav namozolil "los ntawm lub tsib-xyoo lub rooj bottoms, khov kho raws li washbasins." Tsis muaj, lawv kuj txaus ntshai opportunists thiab bureaucrats. Siab phem thiab relentless nyob rau hauv no zaj paj huam satire Mayakovsky.

"Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" - lub neej piav qhia

Cov duab ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv cov paj huam "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" tsis yog txoj kev mus rau txoj kev ntseeg, tab sis ib tug rog xav txog ntawm cov nom tswv hom phiaj thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm bourgeois chav kawm ntawv. Cov neeg ntawm no hom, kuj ceeb tias, muab sawv mus rau lub kiv puag ncig nws tus kheej, lub era ntawm kev hloov, tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm tsuas tshem, thuam thiab tarnish lub lofty revolutionary hom phiaj. Nws yog los ntawm lub surrounding chaw burghers qhov chaw Mayakovsky pom tias lawv conception ntawm tus tshiab kev txiav txim, ib tug tshiab lub ntiaj teb no thiab lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm distorted thiab deb ntawm qhov tseeb nplog liab. Yog li, lub Revolutionary tub rog Council, Revolutionary tub rog Council ntawm lub koom pheej, muaj yog ib tug txiav txim zoo nyob rau hauv nrog cov lo lus pob, uas nkawd kiag li absurd thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Ntxiv mus, muaj Philistine xav "figuryat" nyob rau hauv tshiab tshaj plaws.

Ntau yam twb tau hais tias hais txog cov Filixatee nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" Mayakovsky. Nqe vaj lug kub, tsom xam uas muab ib tug ua tiav daim duab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug lub tswv yim hais txog cov niaj hnub ntiaj teb no, nws hais tias hais txog qhov tseem ceeb thiab shortcomings ntawm haiv neeg.

Mayakovsky hais tias satirical tej hauj lwm yuav tsum yug los tsuas yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug haum npe uas cia li nug "nyob rau lub publisher." Tab sis muaj me ntsis los txiav txim rau cov ntsiab lus, koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas los mus qhia, qhia tag nrho cov wormholes thiab disadvantages ntawm ib tug kev sib raug zoo tshwm sim. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm yog classics rau ib ntev lub sij hawm siv checking: Raug ntawm cov nqe lus, cov clarity ntawm txoj kev ntseeg, absurdity thiab exaggeration. Ib tug formula ntawm kev tsim tej hauj lwm ntawm Mayakovsky tau teem rau nws tus kheej. "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" - ib tug paj huam, uas tau absorbed tag nrho cov hauv paus ntsiab lus. Tab sis feem ntau kom meej meej manifested nws tus kheej grotesque, uas ciali mus muab lub mos txwv nyob rau hauv qhov kawg khoom, "Marx los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntsia thiab ntsia ... thiab mam li nco dheev qhib nws lub qhov ncauj, tab sis yuav ua li cas zaoret ...".

xaus

Tib yam li txoj kev, peb nqa tawm tus tsom xam thiab tus tsom xam ntawm Mayakovsky tus "Nyob rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab" qhia hais tias qhov no yog zaj paj huam yog ib tug rog xav txog ntawm lub tswv yim txoj kev ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv. Nws qhia qhov yooj yim thematic thiab ideological cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov post-revolutionary theem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub kws sau paj lug.