AES: Cov ntaub ntawv Encryption

Undoubtedly, ntau computer cov neeg siv nkag tau rau hauv Internet (thiab tsis xwb) tau hnov txog qhov no lub sij hawm, raws li cov ntaub ntawv encryption AES. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm system, dab tsi algorithms nws yuav siv li cas thiab yog muaj ntaub ntawv, muaj ib lub tswv yim es tsuas vajvoog ntawm cov neeg. Ordinary cov neeg siv yog los ntawm thiab loj paub thiab tsis xav tau. Txawm li cas los, xav txog qhov no cryptographic system, tshwj xeeb yog tsis muaj delving rau hauv complex zauv thiab cov qauv uas yuav nkag rau tej tus neeg.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub AES-encryption?

Peb pib nrog lub fact tias cov system nws tus kheej yog ib tug txheej ntawm algorithms mus nkaum qhov pib pom ntawm ib co kis, tau txais los yog khaws tseg los ntawm tus neeg siv rau lub computer cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv Internet yees li yuav tsum tau los xyuas kom meej kom tiav tsis pub cov ntaub ntawv, thiab yog hais txog mus rau lub thiaj li hu ua yam encryption algorithms.

AES encryption hom yuav siv cov conversion ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj kev tiv thaiv daim ntawv thiab lub rov qab seev suab ntawm tib qhov tseem ceeb, uas yog lub npe hu, thiab cov xa thiab tau txais sab, tsis zoo li yam encryption, nyob rau hauv uas lub ob lub lag luam yog muab rau daim ntawv thov - qhib thiab kaw. Yog li, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus xaus hais tias yog ob tog paub qhov tseeb qhov tseem ceeb, lub encryption thiab decryption txheej txheem yog nqa tawm tsuas txaus.

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

AES-encryption rau thawj lub sij hawm hais nyob rau hauv 2000, thaum ib tug successor rau tej kev lav ris system xaiv kev sib tw, uas yog lub txheem nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States txij li thaum 1977, tus khiav yog tus Rijndael algorithm.

Nyob rau hauv 2001, AES-system twb officially txais raws li qhov tshiab tsoom fwv teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv Encryption Standard, thiab tau txij li thaum tau siv lug.

Hom AES encryption

Evolution algorithms muaj ob peb intermediate theem, uas mas tau txuam nrog ntau zog tseem ceeb ntev. Niaj hnub no muaj peb hom: AES-128 encryption, AES-192 thiab AES-256.

Lub npe hais lus rau nws tus kheej. Cov signage sau raws nkaus Ii rau qhov ntev ntawm tus yuam sij siv, qhia nyob rau hauv me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, AES-encryption siv rau lub thaiv hom uas ua haujlwm ncaj nraim nrog cov tsau ntev cov ntaub ntawv rau lwm, encoding txhua ntawm lawv, tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv-line algorithms uas khiav lag luam rau ib cim qhib lus, txhais lus rau lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug encrypted daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub AES thaiv ntev yog 128 khoom.

Hais lus cov lus ntawm science, tib algorithm uas siv AES-256 encryption, txhais tau hais tias lub lag luam nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm polynomial sawv cev ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab cov lis dej num nyob rau hauv lub ua ob seem arrays (matrices).

Yuav ua li cas yog nws ua hauj lwm?

Lub algorithm ua hauj lwm heev, tab sis yuav siv ntawm ib tug ob peb yooj yim hais. Chiv, two-dimensional matrix yog siv, cov conversion mus (rounds), puag ncig lub lag luam thiab cov ntxhuav thiab rov qab pib permutation.

Cov ntaub ntawv encryption muaj ob peb kauj ruam:

• muab xam los ntawm tag nrho cov puag ncig tseem ceeb;
• byte hloov siv S-Box ntsiab lus;
• ceev daim ntawv siv ntau ntau (saib daim duab saum toj no.);
• nws cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv txhua kem ntawm qhov matrix (pwm);
• Tsis tas li ntawd zoo lawm thiab hloov tseem ceeb.

Deciphering yog ua li cas nyob rau hauv rov qab txiav txim, tab sis es tsis txhob ntawm ib lub rooj S-Box rooj siv rov qab productions, uas twb tau hais saum toj no.

Yog hais tias ib qho piv txwv, yog hais tias tus yuam sij ntev ntawm 4 khoom yuav tsum iterate los ntawm tag nrho cov 16 theem (rounds), uas yog tsim nyog los saib tag nrho cov tau ob peb ua ke, pib nrog 0000 thiab xaus 1111. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws tiv thaiv so li sai sai txaus. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj noj cov yuam sij ntxiv rau 16-ntsis xav tau 65.536 cov kauj ruam, thiab rau lub 256-ntsis - 1.1 x 10 ^77. Thiab raws li tau teev American tshwj xeeb, nyob rau zoo xaiv ua ke nrog (tseem ceeb) yuav siv li 149 trillion xyoo.

Uas thov thaum koj teem lub network nyob rau hauv kev xyaum: AES los yog TKIP?

Peb tam sim no tig mus rau qhov kev siv ntawm AES-256 los encrypt cov ntaub ntawv xa thiab tau txais nyob rau hauv wireless tes hauj lwm.

Raws li ib tug txoj cai, tej router (router), muaj ob peb xaiv xaiv los ntawm: Tsuas yog cov AES, TKIP, thiab tsuas yog AES + TKIP. Lawv siv nyob rau hauv lub raws tu qauv (WEP los yog WEP2). Tab sis! System TKIP yog obsolete vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug tsawg dua degree ntawm kev tiv thaiv los yog kev pab txhawb nqa 802.11n connectivity ntawm ib cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi siab tshaj 54 Mbits / s. Yog li, lub xaus ntawm qhov muaj feem thib siv AES nrog ib tug ruaj ntseg hom WPA2-PSK yog cuab kev, txawm hais tias koj yuav siv ob qho tib si algorithms paired.

Yog muaj lus nug ntawm kev ntseeg thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm AES algorithms

Dua li ntawm qhov nrov nqe lus ntawm cov kws txawj, AES algorithms tseem lam tau lam ua nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, vim hais tias qhov xwm heev ntawm encryption muaj ib tug yooj yim algebraic hauj lwm. Nws twb sau tseg los ntawm Niels Ferguson. Thiab nyob rau hauv 2002, Yauxej thiab Nikolya Kurtua Pepshik luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm pum ib tug tej zaum yuav nres XSL. Txawm li cas los, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub scientific ntiaj teb no tau tshwm sim los ib tug ntau ntawm controversy, thiab ib co ntsoov lawv muab xam tsis ncaj ncees lawm.

lub assumption tau ua nyob rau hauv 2005 hais tias ib tug attacker yuav siv ib tug thib peb-tog raws, tsis yog kev ua lej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug ntawm cov tawm tsam tau xam tseem ceeb tom qab 800 ua hauj lwm, thaum lub lwm yam tau txais nws 2 ³² haujlwm (yim round).

Yog tsis muaj ib tug tsis ntseeg, niaj hnub no no system thiab yuav muab suav hais tias ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj, yog hais tias tsis muaj ib tug tab sis. Ib tug ob peb xyoos dhau los nyob rau hauv Internet yoj ntawm tus kab mob no tawm tsam, nyob rau hauv uas tus kab mob no coder (thiab tib lub sijhawm kuj extortionist), ces computers siab encrypted ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau seev suab rau tus huv si sum ntawm cov nyiaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, daim ntawv qhia uas sau hais tias encryption yog tau siv AES1024 algorithm, uas twb ntseeg kom txog thaum tsis ntev los no, tsis muaj nyob.

Zoo li nws los yog tsis, tiam sis txawm lub feem ntau zoo-paub tsim ntawm antivirus software, xws li cov "Kaspersky Lab", thaum ua tau decrypt cov ntaub ntawv twb powerless. Muaj ntau cov kws txawj muaj leej twg paub hais tias cov infamous tus kab mob no kuv hlub koj, ib zaug kis tus kab mob tsheej lab ntawm computers nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab kom lawv puas tsuaj ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev sib piv mus rau lub kev hem thawj muab tau childish prattle. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, kuv hlub koj Ntau twb aimed ntawm cov xov xwm, thiab cov kab mob tshiab no muaj kev nkag tau mus rau pub leej twg paub cov ntaub ntawv xwb loj corporations. Txawm li cas los, vajhuam kom meej meej tias no nws twb siv encryption AES-1024, tsis muaj ib tug yuav.

xaus

Yog hais tias ib co twg sum txog, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub peb yuav hais tias cov AES-encryption yog nyob deb ntawm cov feem ntau tshaj thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi rau qhov ntev ntawm tus yuam sij siv. Tsis ceeb, hais tias qhov no txuj no yog siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau cryptosystems thiab muaj ib tug txaus sab foundations nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab cov kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv lub yav tom ntej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raws li heev tej zaum yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau thiab sib txuas ob peb hom encryption nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev (e.g., txhawb kev siv ntawm yam thiab asymmetric los thaiv thiab kwj encryption).