Sulfurous acid. Tshuaj zog, ntau lawm

Sulphurous acid - yog ib tug tsis ruaj tsis khov inorganic dibasic acid ntawm medium lub zog. Taus compound yog paub xwb nyob rau hauv aqueous tov ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj rau ib xees. Nyob rau hauv sim mus cais tawm ntshiab sulfurous acid, nws decomposes rau leej faj dioxide (SO2) thiab dej (H2O). Piv txwv li, thaum raug sulfuric acid (H2SO4) nyob rau hauv feeb meej daim ntawv mus rau hauv sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) es tsis txhob ntawm sulfurous acid tso leej faj oxide (SO2). Ntawm no yog dab tsi no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv:

Na2SO3 (sodium sulfite) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = Na2SO4 (sodium sulphate) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + H2O (dej)

Ib tug tov ntawm sulfurous acid

Thaum lub sij hawm cia yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm huab cua. Txwv tsis pub, sulfurous acid, maj mam absorbing cov pa (O2), hloov mus rau hauv sulfuric.

2H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) + O2 (oxygen) = 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)

sulfurous acid kev daws teeb meem yog heev peculiar tsis hnov tsw (tsw reminiscent seem tom qab hlawv match), muaj cov uas yuav tsum tau piav qhia los ntawm muaj leej faj dioxide (SO2), yog tsis sib bound dej.

Tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm sulfurous acid

1. Sulfurous acid (Formula H2SO3) tej zaum yuav siv tau raws li lub txo neeg sawv cev los yog oxidizing neeg sawv cev.

H2SO3 yog ib tug zoo kom txhob muaj neeg saib xyuas. Nws yuav siv tau free ntawm halogens tau txais halides. Piv txwv li:

H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) + Cl2 (tshuaj gas) + H2O (dej) = H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + 2HCl (hydrochloric acid)

Tab sis tus sis nrog muaj zog kom txhob muaj qhov no acid yuav ua raws li ib tug oxidant. Ib qho piv txwv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sulfuric acid nrog hydrogen sulfide:

H2SO3 (sulfurous acid) + 2H2S (sulfide) = 3S (leej faj) + 3H2O (dej)

2. Xam tias yog hu tshuaj compound ntaub ntawv ob hom ntawm ntsev - sulfites (nruab nrab) thiab hydrosulfites (acidic). Cov ntsev muaj txo kab mob, raws li tau zoo raws li (H2SO3) sulfurous acid. Nyob rau hauv lawv oxidized daim ntawv ntsev ntawm sulfuric acid. Calcining sulfites active hlau sulfides thiab sulfates raug tsim. Qhov no nws pib-oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tus kheej-kho neeg mob. Piv txwv li:

4Na2SO3 (sodium sulfite) = Na2S (sodium sulfide) + 3Na2SO4 (sodium sulfate)

sodium thiab potassium sulfite (Na2SO3 thiab K2SO3) yog siv nyob rau hauv dyeing textile fabrics, co nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj dawb tso raws li zoo raws li cov duab. Calcium hydrogen sulfite (Ca (HSO3) 2), uas tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, yog siv rau cov zauv ntoo cov ntaub ntawv uas mus rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb sulfite sis plawv hniav. Los ntawm nws ces ua daim ntawv.

Kev siv cov sulfurous acid

Sulfurous acid yog siv:

- rau tshuaj dawb tso wool, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntoo sis plawv hniav, daim ntawv thiab lwm yam uas zoo sib xws tej yam tsis mas tshuaj dawb tso siv ib tug muaj zog oxidants (e.g., tshuaj chlorine ua);

- raws li ib tug preservative thiab ib tug antiseptic, e.g., rau kev tiv thaiv cov fermentation ntawm grain nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej los yog los mus tiv thaiv fermentation nyob rau hauv cawv txiv hmab tej kas tham;

- rau preservation ntawm khoom noj khoom haus, xws li Canning zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo;

- nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntawm cov ntoo tej daim ntoo nyob rau hauv lub sulfite sis plawv hniav, uas los ntawm ces tau txais daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tov ntawm calcium sulfite (Ca (HSO3) 2), uas yaj lub lignin - ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj uas binds lub cellulose fibers.

Sulfurous acid: Kev npaj ntawm

Qhov no acid tej zaum yuav tau los ntawm dissolving leej faj dioxide (SO2) nyob rau hauv dej (H2O). Koj xav tau cov sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv feeb meej daim ntawv (H2SO4), tooj liab (Cu) thiab lub raj. Lub algorithm yog:

1. Ua tib zoo ncuav raj nyob rau hauv feeb meej sulphurous acid thiab ces mus rau qhov chaw ib daim ntawm tooj liab. Thaum tshav kub kub. Cov nram qab no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim:

Cu (tooj liab) + 2H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = CuSO4 (sulphate leej faj) + SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + H2O (dej)

2. Cov sulphurous roj kwj yuav tsum tau raws kev coj mus rau hauv ib vial nrog dej. Thaum nws yaj tej no tshwm sim ib yam tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog dej, uas yog tsim nyob rau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm sulfurous acid:

SO2 (leej faj dioxide) + H2O (dej) = H2SO3

Yog li, dua leej faj dioxide los ntawm cov dej, nws tseem tau mus txais lub sulfurous acid. Nws yog ib nqi xav tias cov roj irritates lub meem ntawm cov hlab cua tej zaum yuav ua rau nws mob, thiab tsis qab los noj mov. Nrog ntev-lub sij hawm nqus tau pa ntawm nws tau tsis nco qab. Hu nrog cov roj yuav tsum tau nrog lub utmost kev saib xyuas thiab xim.