Lub tswvyim ntawm ib tug complex kab lus. Complex muaj: piv txwv nrog cov tsev koom nyiaj

Yuav kom zoo zoo tso rau cim, complex kab lus tswvyim yuav tsum tau kom zoo kos mus txog. nws yuav tsuas pab kom to taub lub complex mob qhov chaw kawm commas, hyphens thiab colons. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txoj cai tuab ib tug complex syntactic unit yuav pab nws schematic tsim. Yog muaj lus nug ntawm syntax thiab cov cim dhau nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais paub tab thiab lub DPA, li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog kiag li yuav tsum tau pom tus qauv ntawm ib complex kab lus. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nws raug? Cia peb kawm nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Lub tswvyim ntawm cov complex kab lus

Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau txhais ib tug complex kab lus raws li xws li. Qhov no yog lub feem ntau complex syntactic unit, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv yooj yim. Yog li, xws li ib tug lub tswv yim muaj tsawg kawg yog ob grammatical paus. Lawv yuav tsum tau txuas ua ke nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:

• Subordinating conjunctions thiab phooj ywg lo lus.
• Tswj conjunctions.
• Conjunctionless.
• Raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug syntactic tsev tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas lus.

Raws li, compound ua ke nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus txiav txim hom kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv lawv. Lawv yuav tsum tau hu ua Tiabsis cov, slozhnosochinennogo, conjunctionless thiab nrog ntau hom kev sib txuas lus, ntsig txog.

Lub tswvyim muaj: Highlights

Tsav ib tug complex kab lus yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb mloog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog tsim nyog los piav qhia txog qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov cim. Yog li, lub algorithm ntawm nws cov nyob tus yeees yog raws li nram no:

1. Thas xim rau cov qauv sau ntawv qhia thiab txiav txim seb tus xov tooj ntawm qhov chaw.
2. Yog xav paub lub hom kev twb kev txuas qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias peb txhais cuav koov, qhov tseem ceeb, coordinative thiab conjunctionless kev twb kev txuas - square.
3. Txiav txim seb ob qhov chaw ntawm cov kab lus, saib yog hais tias muaj tej yam ntawm lawv homogeneous. Cov yav tas yog tseem yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub txhab tswvyim. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias hais, cov tsev koom nyiaj tsis ua si ib syntactic muaj nuj nqi. Prepositions xa mus rau hauv cov qhov chaw ntawm cov kab lus, uas ua li ib Rev ntawm cov qauv sau ntawv.
4. Saib yuav ua li cas nyuab txhua feem (cais cov ntsiab lus txhais, cov lus tseeb, introductory lus thiab Siv, homogeneous cov nqe lus).
5. Lub complex kab lus txiav txim cuav hom: thaum uas tig mus los yog tshwm sim los muaj.

Tiabsis cov kab lus thiab nws cov tswvyim

Cais tag nrho ib tug qhob piv txwv: Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntuj, huab Pestryaev ripples los ua me me huab sau thiab txias drizzling los nag.

Yuav pib nrog peb ua pov thawj tias qhov no tswv yim yog tiag tiag yooj yim. Nws muaj ob tug bases: huab (kawm 1), tau pib sib sau ua ke (predicate 2); nag (kev kawm 2) zamorosil (predicate 2). Part txuas lub Union thiab, raws li, muaj slozhnosochinennoe.

Peb ua hauj lwm nrog tus thawj ib feem: lub ntuj - ib tug teeb meem qhia noun nrog ib tug preposition; lub caij ntuj sov - txiav txim qhia los ntawm ib qho chaw; me me - txiav txim qhia los ntawm ib qho chaw. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub ntsiab txhais yog nyuab los ntawm cais Pestryaev rippled huab, qhia nws yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub rooj.

Qhov thib ob yog ib feem muaj tsuas yog ib theem nrab neeg, txias txiav txim. Nws yog tsis muaj tham. Yog li, ib tug complex kab lus daim duab yuav zoo li no:

[X, | BP |, - =], [v = -]

Nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim, tus kos npe rau X qhia cov txiav txim siab lo lus, uas tus cais txhais.

Lub tswvyim yuav pab tau qhov txawv ntawm ib tug yooj yim compound kab lus uas muaj homogeneous predicates koom los ntawm union thiab. Piv: Thaum lub caij ntuj sov ntuj, huab Pestryaev ripples pib sib sau ua ke thiab me me huab obscure lawv tus kheej ntug. Ntawm no muaj tsuas yog homogeneous predicates: pib sib sau ua ke, obscure. Lawv tuaj koom thiab.

Complex kab lus thiab nws cov tswvyim

Complex ke nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab nrog subordinate kev twb kev txuas muaj tsis zoo tib yam: lub ntsiab thiab accessory. Txhais lawv tsuas: nyob rau hauv lub xeem yeej ib txwm tam sim no subordinative los yog connective lo lus. Interestingly txaus, xws schemes ntawm ib tug complex kab lus. Piv txwv tsom xam rau hauv qab no. Lub fact tias cov paranasal ib feem tej zaum yuav muaj rau thaum pib, kawg ntawm cov kab lus thiab txawm ua txhaum lub tsev.

Thaum lub Cossack tsa nws txhais tes thiab qw hais tias, ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv rang tawm. Muab nyuaj: Cossack - cov kev kawm 1; tsa, qw nrov nrov - 1 predicates; Txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv - kawm 2; rang - 2. Txuas lub predicate ntawm lub Union thaum nws subordinating, yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug complex. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub paranasal ib feem pib ib kab lus. Cia peb ua pov thawj no. Firstly, nws muaj ib tug union, thiab tib ob, nws yuav ua tau yooj yim mus nug ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv rang tawm (thaum twg?) Thaum Cossack tsa nws txhais tes. Nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm lub paranasal ib feem yog sau rau hauv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib feem ntawm cov paranasal nyuab homogeneous predicates (lawv kuj qhia graphically). Tsav ib tug complex kab lus yuav zoo li no: (nyob qhov twg - = thiab =) [= -].

Lwm cov kev xaiv, thaum lub complex kab lus pib nrog lub ntsiab qhov chaw: Ib koob tshuaj rang tawm, thaum Cossack tsa nws txhais tes thiab quaj. [= -] (thaum - = u =).

Tiabsis cov kab lus: tshwj xeeb no

Qhov loj tshaj teeb meem yog lawm subordinate complex ua ke. PIV TXWV Tam sim no tsom xam conjunctions. Haus luam yeeb los ntawm cov hluav taws kub, uas cuam nyob rau hauv txhua yam, rau kua muag stung kuv ob lub qhov muag. Grammatical hauv paus ntawm lub ntsiab qhov chaw: cov pa luam yeeb - cov kev kawm, stung - predicate. Lub subordinate ib feem ntawm lub predicate tau xwb ces muab pov tseg. Grammatical hauv paus ntawm lub ntsiab nraus subordinate mus rau lub union lo lus ntawd. Raws li, xws li ib tug tswvyim yuav tsum: [-, (nyob rau hauv uas =) =].

Lwm cov piv txwv: Cia ib ob peb xyoos tsev pheeb suab uas peb txiav txim siab los nyob twj ywm, yog nyob rau hauv lub ntug ntawm lub zos. Main ib feem: kawm - huts, qhia txog kev ua - nws yog; nws yog nyuab muab kev koom tes trafficking, uas yog tsis cais. Paranasal ib feem: kawm - peb predicate - txiav txim siab los nyob twj ywm. Lub tswvyim yog: [| BP | -, (nyob rau - =) =].

Tsav conjunctionless complex kab lus

Peb rov los xyuas dua cov coordinative thiab subordinate compound ua ke. Piv txwv cov tsev koom nyiaj - yog tsis tus tsuas yog sawv daws yuav. Muaj qhov chaw ntawm lub kev twb kev txuas nkaus xwb los ntawm implication, conjunctionless. Ntawm no, qhov tseeb tswvyim yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov proposals, ua ke nrog ib tug tsis nco qab semicolon, khiav ceev los yog cov nyuv yuav ua ntawv thov. Lawv xaiv nyob rau hauv lub semantic thiab grammatical kev sib raug zoo. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias ib feem ntawm conjunctionless muaj sib npaug thiab yog denoted los ntawm square nkhaus. Cia peb xav txog cov piv txwv.

1. Cua howled txawm ntau; louder khiav nas, bustled nyob rau hauv lawv cov burrows. Qhov no yog ib txoj tswv yim, muaj ob qhov chaw: cov cua howled, qhov thib ob nyob rau hauv thawj lub hauv paus - nas khiav ib ncig. Raws li txoj cai, yog hais tias nyob lwm qhov chaw muaj cim tias, nws yuav tsum tau ib tug semicolon ntawm asyndetic kev twb kev txuas. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob yog ib feem yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm faib qhov chaw. Lub tswvyim yuav zoo li no: [- =]; [= -, | BP |].
2. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev tag nrho ib hnub yog saib iav heev: txhua txhua tam sim no thiab ces scurrying cov tub qhe, tus ntxhais fuabtais sim rau dresses, cov neeg laus excitedly soj ntsuam cov ntawv rau cov nyiaj so koobtsheej. Lub tswv yim rau asyndetic kev sib txuas lus muaj plaub qhov chaw. Qauv sau ntawv raws li cov nram qab no: saib iav heev (kawm) yog (predicate), cov tub qhe (raug) scurried txog (predicate), Ntxhais fuabtais (kawm) sim rau (qhia txog kev ua), cov neeg laus (kawm) soj ntsuam (predicate). Tus thawj lub tswv yim yuav tam sim no yuav piav qhia, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum muab tso rau ib tug nyuv. Lub tswvyim yog raws li nram no: [= -]: [= -], [- =], [- =].
3. Koj nyeem raws li ib tug me nyuam - cov phau ntawv yuav ua muaj tseeb cov phooj ywg rau lub neej. Peb yuav pom tias lub tswv yim yog txoj. Muaj ob qauv sau ntawv qhia: mus (qhia txog kev ua), phau ntawv (kawm) ua phooj ywg (predicate). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsum tau khiav ceev staging, vim hais tias cov thib ob feem comprises ib qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov thawj ib tug. Lub tswvyim yog yooj yim: [=] - [- =].

Ntau hom kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv ib tug complex kab lus

Thaum kawm nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kab lus (Qib 8), thiab ntau hom kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv ib kab lus. Charting tsom xam xws li ib tug qauv.

Souvenirs muas thaum lub sij hawm lub dawm, tau txuam nrog tej keeb kwm, thiab txhua txhua trinket muaj ib tug ntev pedigree, tab sis cov no tsawg yam yuav nrhiav tsis tau ib zaug xwb ib tug uas yuav tsim nyog xim nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. (B. Hart)

Nyob rau hauv no lub tswv yim 4 qhov chaw txuam thiab subordination coordinative daim ntawv cog lus. Thawj - souvenirs (kawm) tau txuam (predicate), lub thib ob - ib tug bauble (kawm) muaj (predicate), peb - tsis tau pom (tsuas predicate), ib tug peb lub hlis twg ntawm uas (connective lo lus, cov kev kawm) yuav tsim nyog xim (qhia txog kev ua). Ntawm tus thawj thiab thib ob qhov chaw hauv lub coordinative daim ntawv cog lus, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tu ua ntej lub ntsiab lus; ntawm lub thib ob thiab thib peb kuj coordinative, nruab nrab ntawm lub thib peb thiab thib plaub subordinative. Lub tswvyim yuav tsum xws li: [-, | BP |, =] [= A], [tab sis =] (uas =).

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug complex kab lus

Yog inseparable los ntawm lub tswvyim yuav tsum tau tuaj ntawm lub tswv yim. Nws yog tsim nyog qhia kom meej rau li cas nws yog ib lub hom phiaj ntawm kev qhia thiab raug, thiab ces koj yuav tsum tau piav qhia txog txhua yam ntawm lub qhov chaw: nyob tus yeees ntawm (ib tug los yog ob-feem), lub loj heev ntawm tag nrho los yog tsis thiab dab tsi yog nyuab. Cia peb xav txog li ib qho piv txwv lub tswv yim, uas lub tswvyim nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los seem. Nws yog ib tug narrative, nevosklitsatelnoe. Part 1: ob-feem, ntau, ua kom tiav, nyuab los ntawm cais kev txiav txim qhia muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub rooj; Part 2: ob-feem, ntau, ua kom tiav, tsis muaj nyuab; 3 feem: mononuclear (tsis zoo li neeg), ib qho kev, ua kom tiav, tsis muaj nyuab; Part 4: ob-feem, ntau, ua kom tiav, tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab.