Subordinating conjunctions

Koom haum nyob rau lub Lavxias teb sab lus, thiab nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus pab pawg xam tau tias yog los ntawm cov nom qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, uas yog tsim nyog rau cov kev twb kev txuas ntawm cheebtsam hauv ib tug complex kab lus, nyob rau hauv homogeneous cov nqe lus ntawm qhov kev, raws li zoo li ib tug neeg proposals nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawv nyeem.

Lavxias teb sab lus nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev koom nyiaj phooj ywg lus yog cov lus uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub syntactic mus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus los sis lo lus daim ntawv. Tsis zoo li prepositions, qoj official zog nyob rau hauv cov kev sib sau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub noun cov ntaub ntawv, qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus, tsis tsuas muaj tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog rau qhov grammatical daim ntawv kev cob cog rua cov lus, tab sis feem ntau tsis muaj ab tsi rau lawv cov teej tug mus rau ib qho twg ntawm kev hais lus. Cov tib connective lo lus muaj peev xwm txuas raws li npe (xws li, "Kuv muaj ib tug txiv thiab leej niam") thiab verbs ( "me nyuam tub hu nkauj thiab seev cev"), adjectives ( "ib tug hluas nkauj zoo nkauj thiab txawj ntse"), adverbs, thiab txawm cov lus uas yuav mus rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus. Lub tsuas mob yog cov coincidence ntawm lawv syntactic zog - piv txwv li, "sau beautifully thiab tsis yuam kev."

Muaj ntau conjunctions tsis tau tsuas yog yuav tsum sib txuas lus yuav ua li cas paub thiab qhia nws. Qhov no yog lwm ib tug ntawm lawv yus muaj peev xwm, uas tsis muaj kev excuses. Qhov kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog inflection, tsis tsuas qhia qhov kev sib raug zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no nws.

Cov tsev koom nyiaj tsis tau tsuas yog tsis xam tias yog neeg ntawm lub tswv yim - thiab lawv yeej tsis hloov. Los ntawm cov keeb kwm lawv yuav muab faib mus rau hauv derivatives - piv txwv li, hais tias, tab sis, uas yuav tsum havzoov sposoboobrazovatelnuyu kev twb kev txuas nrog cov momentous lus, los ntawm uas cov ntaub ntawv cov tsev koom nyiaj raug tsim. Lwm hom derivative yog cov tsev koom nyiaj uas tsis muaj feem xyuam los ntawm kev yug me nyuam nyob rau hauv hnub no lub Lavxias teb sab lus nrog lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus. No ib pab pawg, los yog, yog, thiab.

Ib tug nram qab no ntaub ntawv yog distinguished los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kev siv:

• rov muaj dua los yog ib - tab sis, tab sis,
• ntxaib los yog ob, piv txwv li, ... thiab yog hais tias ... ces;
• repetitive - nws ... thiab tsis ... tsis.

Raws li cov qauv, muab faib mus rau hauv yooj yim koom haum ua teb, uas yog sau ntawv tsis muaj chaw - thiab, rau, thiab compound - whereas lawm.

Los ntawm qhov qhia los ntawm lawv syntactic kev sib raug zoo yog coordinative thiab subordinating conjunctions.

Coordinative hom muab sib npaug zos Cheebtsam - xws li qhov chaw ntawm ib tug complex kab lus.

Nyob rau hauv tus nqi coordinative phooj ywg lo lus no:

• kev twb kev txuas uas nthuav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm hloov lwm lub tsev - muaj, thiab, ib yam nkaus thiab, thiab ... thiab, zoo;
• adversative, hnov tus cwj pwm ntawm qhov fab ntxeev - tab sis, tab sis, tab sis, tib;
• cais, hnov tus cwj pwm ntawm kev sib nrig sib cais - los yog ... los yog, los yog ib yam dab tsi ... ib yam dab tsi;
• explanatory uas nthuav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm kev tshab txhais txog - zoo li nws;
• txuas, hnov tus piv ntawm kev twb kev txuas - thiab kuj, thiab.

Lawv yog lwm yam - subordinating conjunctions - tsim los qhia cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm ib feem los ntawm lwm, txuas mas units ntawm ib tug complex kab lus. Tej zaum lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv tej yam yooj yim ua ke rau heterogeneous thiab homogeneous neeg.

Piv txwv li, thaum subordinating conjunctions, raws li yog hais tias, zoo li, tsis muaj dab tsi.

Cov phau ntawv yog laced, txawm hais tias nws yog heev nthuav. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, khi homogeneous cov nqe lus ntawm cov kab lus.

Lub caij ntuj no hnub yog luv dua lub hmo ntuj. Lub pas dej no zoo li ib daim iav. Raws li koj tau pom, subordinating conjunctions txuas tej tswv yim tswv cuab. Lawv yuav tsum yog homogeneous los yog ua kev.

Cov Tiabsis cov tsev koom nyiaj muaj siv nyob rau hauv xws li mob thaum muaj yog ib tug loj thiab ob peb tug subordinate clauses. Qhov no, piv txwv li, cov lus no: leej twg, nyob qhov twg, dab tsi, leej twg, uas nws, nyob qhov twg, yuav ua li cas, nyob qhov twg, yog vim li cas, zoo li cas, ntau npaum li cas.

Lub parameter qhov tseem ceeb ntawm subordinating conjunctions yog nram no:

• Yog vim li cas - vim hais tias, vim hais tias, vim hais tias,
• lub sij hawm - thaum tsuas yog txog NW nyuam qhuav;
• lub hom phiaj - mus rau nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim;
• conditional - yog hais tias, yog hais tias tsuas yog hais tias;
• izjasnitelnyh - zoo li hais tias los;
• concessive - txawm lub fact tias; tab sis yog;
• comparative - raws li yog hais tias, cia li raws li yog hais tias, dua li;
• kev tshawb nrhiav - li ntawd.