Lexical Collocations

Cov lus nyob rau hauv lo lus nug yog tsis siv nyias, ib tug los ntawm ib tug, thiab nyob rau hauv ob peb ua ke. Tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm lawv yog cov dawb mus sib txuas lus nrog txhua lwm yam. Lexical compatibility ntawm cov lo lus - nws yog lawv muaj peev xwm mus cuag nrog ib tug tej kab kev los ntawm lwm yam lus. Tej zaum, vim hais tias ntawm lub complexity ntawm xws li ib tug xaiv nyob rau hauv ib tug hais lus tso cai lexical kom raug.

Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus, cov lus sib txheeb li thiab tsis pub dhau lub ntsiab lus ntawm, thiab grammatically. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv, kev sib raug zoo muab lub grammatical correctness ntawm kev hais lus. Lub ntsiab lus kev twb kev txuas yog muaj tseeb nqe lus muab lub ntsiab lus. Raws li siv nyob rau hauv hais lus lus yuav tsum tau zoo ib yam rau lwm tus. Nws yog qhia nyob rau hauv ob hom compatibility - lexical thiab semantic.

Lexical compatibility hais txog cov muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau lus nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog xwb ib tug tsawg tus naj npawb (los yog units) lus.

Semantic yog qhia nyob rau hauv lus muaj peev xwm mus hais txog mus rau tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm lwm lo lus uas qhia ib qho ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm verbs uas piav qhia txog lub xeev ntawm cov neeg (xav hais tias, luag, thiab lwm yam) muaj peev xwm yuav ua ke nrog rau tag nrho cov lus uas sawv cev rau cov neeg (kws kho mob passer).

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, thaum nws tsis yog hais txog tej yam, thiab hais txog lawv cov kev sib raug zoo (paub daws teeb, paub daws teeb vocabulary), lub lexical compatibility yog vim. Piv txwv li, koj muaj peev xwm "muab tswv yim", "tshawb xyuas", "tsis kam", thiab lwm yam Tag nrho cov verbs ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm, lawv yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov lus ua ( "qhia", "tshawb", "tiv thaiv"), tab sis kom sib tov rau lawv yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Lavxias teb sab-hais lus neeg yeej tsis hais tias, piv txwv li, "yuav ua rau sawv daws."

Kwm nco qab ntawm tus txiv neej yog muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog lub hwj chim ntawm kev xaiv tsa. Qhov no tej khoom vaj tse yog tsim tiam dhau ib tiam, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm txhua hnub xyaum. Txawm li cas los, kom zoo zoo siv cov lus nyob rau hauv lo lus nug, kev txawj ntse ntawm lawv cov qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txaus. Nws yog tsim nyog rau nkag them sai sai mus rau lub compatibility ntawm lo lus. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog txhais. Piv txwv li, lub chaw "muaj tseeb" thiab "muaj tseeb" tus nqi ntawm tib yam, tab sis peb tsis txhob hais tias "yeej muaj tseeb tus phooj ywg" los yog "yeej muaj tseeb daim ntawv" raws li ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tus phooj ywg yuav ua tau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv - cov qhabnias. Qhov no yog qhov lexical compatibility.

Piv txwv li tebchaw no heev heev heev lus. Feem ntau lawv yuav muaj cov kev txwv nyob rau hauv ob peb ua ke. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv muaj peev xwm tsuas tsis tau tshaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm "av-lub tsev noj mov", "txiv kab ntxwv luav", thiab lwm yam Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub incongruity tej zaum yuav vim lawv grammatical xwm ( "ib tug zoo singer," "kuv lub tsev") los yog lexical nta (koj muaj peev xwm "ua kev tu siab," thiab kev xyiv fab li ntawd tsis txhob hais tias, peb hais tias "tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig", tab sis tsis "tag nrho cov sij hawm ").

Tej zaum impaired lexical compatibility ntaus nqi heev tav laus ( "tsis ntev los no yav dhau los"). Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv yuam cai ntawm kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm yog siv txhob txwm tshaj tawm mus cuag tej yam los: impress tus nyeem ntawv them sai sai mus ib yam dab tsi, ua kom zoo siab, thiab lwm yam Piv txwv li, "Tus zoo siab heev poj ntsuam", "dai nrog beards," "kev zam txim ntawm lwm tus neeg 'virtues', 'tseeb bout ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas", thiab lwm yam Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xav txog lub incongruity yog tsim nyog raws li ib tug stylistic ntaus ntawv.

Ib txhia xaiv tsis muaj tseeb compatibility loj heev (feem ntau heev cov neeg sib txawv, lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub hais lus ntawm lub tib lub yuam kev), "lub rooj sib tham convened" (yuav tsum tau 'lub rooj sib tham coj qhov chaw ")," los tsim lub qab ntug "(yuav tsum tau mus rau" broaden kuv horizons "). Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv ib qhov teeb meem yuav siv tau los ntawm txawv cov nqe lus, thiab feem ntau ua rau cov kev hloov ntawm lub Cheebtsam ntawm semantic kom raug. Cov tshuaj kab lus "Cia kuv qhia ib toast!" Yog tseem tsis yog. Koj yuav yog "tsa ib tug iav" los yog "ci."

Tsis tas li ntawd raug kab nyob qhov twg lawm lexical compatibility, yog cov kab lus "paub theem ntawm kev pab cuam." Cov theem yuav ua tau kom, tab sis tej zaum yuav txhim kho qhov zoo.