Poov tshuaj dichromate

Substance poov tshuaj dichromate muaj ob peb lub npe, uas, mus rau ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg degree ntawm zaus, yog siv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw nws tus kheej. Feeb ntau, cov tshuaj xav ntawm feem ntau siv lub npe dichromate poov tshuaj los yog poov tshuaj Chrompick. Thaum nws los txog rau industrial siv, whereas no compound ib Chrompick. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom to taub raws nraim li cas ntawm kev twb kev txuas nyob rau hauv lo lus nug, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv niaj hnub siv Chrompick tseem hu ua sodium dichromate mis Na2Cr2O7 * 2H2O. Tshuaj mis poov tshuaj bichromate - K2Cr2O7.

Lub cev thaj chaw ntawm poov tshuaj bichromate nram qab no. Outwardly, qhov no tshuaj yog ib qho txiv kab ntxwv-dawb lias muaju, siv lead ua ntxaij ntoo ntawm cov uas yog nce mus nce los nyob rau hauv tus ntawm kub. Thaum nws tus nqi rau 257 ° C triclinic lattice muaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib muaju, thiab thaum kub nce saum toj no 257 ° C, nws hloov mus rau ib tug monoclinic daim ntawv.

Poov tshuaj dichromate tshuaj muaj ib tug melting sov li ntawm 396 ° C, nrog nws nce tshaj 500 ° C decomposes tshuaj rau K2CrO4, Cr2O3 thiab oxygen. Poov tshuaj bichromate Kev ntiajteb txawj nqus yog 2,69 g / cm3. Poov tshuaj dichromate yog ib co soluble nyob rau hauv aqueous ntsiab:

- ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 0 ° C, 100 grams dej yog kiag li yaj 4.6 grams ntawm poov tshuaj bichromate;

- ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 25 ° C, tus tib kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov dej yuav tsum kiag yaj twb 15,1 grams, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog tsa mus rau 50 ° C - yog 37,7 grams.

Nyob rau hauv alcohols, e.g., ethanol, poov tshuaj dichromate me ntsis soluble.

Poov tshuaj bichromate ntaub ntawv ib tug eutectic - puas kua tshuaj uas crystallizes nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws kub rau no pab pawg neeg ntawm tshuaj structurally compositional mis uas - H2O - K2Cr2O7 nrog poov tshuaj bichromate cov ntsiab lus 4,30% los ntawm ceeb thawj. Lub melting kub ntawm no compound xwb 0,63 ° C thiab boiling nws nyob rau 104,8 ° C (poov tshuaj bichromate nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj - 52% los ntawm qhov hnyav).

C uas xws tshuaj raws li poov tshuaj dichromate, tshua muab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv acidic xov xwm, yog hais tias nws muaj cov aqueous tov. Substance nws tus kheej kuj yog ib tug muaj zog oxidizing neeg sawv cev, piv txwv li, los ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm poov tshuaj bichromate thiab leej faj tau K2SO4 ntsev thiab chromium oxide.

Los ntawm reacting nrog sulfuric thiab nitric acids poov tshuaj bichromate polihromaty cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum cua sov mixtures muaj no compound thiab hydrogen peroxide yog tau yooj yim heev muaju peroxide uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog ib qho tseem ceeb tivthaiv ntawm explosives.

Industrially poov tshuaj bichromate npaj yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev pauv tshuaj tiv thaiv uas Na2Cr2O7 KCl, uas cov tshuaj yog rhuab mus loj loj kub - txog 1000 - 1300 ° C.

Poov tshuaj dichromate yog siv, cov tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm uas yog piav saum toj no nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua ntau yam dyes nyob rau hauv textile thiab tawv industries, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv tanning tawv. Faib daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv cov ntoo ua thiab raug qhov yuam kev, cov siv thiab ua cov pyrotechnic mixtures duab. Yog hais tias poov tshuaj poov tshuaj bichromate yaj nyob rau hauv sulfuric acid, nws muab ib tug zoo heev tshuaj ntxuav iav seev nyob rau hauv cov kev kuaj. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov poov tshuaj poov tshuaj bichromate siv electrolytes nyob rau hauv qhuav zoo li raws li nyob rau hauv metallurgy txheej txheem xeb inhibitor co thiab lawv alloys.

Chrompick poov tshuaj - ib tug tsis tshua lom compound. Ncos ntawm ib tug tov los ntawm, ntog rau raug qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, ua kom puas ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Txawm me me ntau ntawm no substance yuav ua loj puas tsuaj rau lub pa ib ntsuj av tau thiab puas cov pob txha mos ligament cov ntaub so ntswg. Paub mob ntawm lub raum puas tsuaj, daim siab thiab hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Yog li ntawd, zus tau tej cov hauj lwm nrog poov tshuaj dichromate yuav tsum nruj me ntsis siv kev ruaj ntseg ceev faj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav tsum saib xyuas kom tiv thaiv cov pa system thiab daim tawv nqaij.