Hlau oxide thiab nws cov kev npaj ntawm mineral raw cov ntaub ntawv

Txhua tus neeg ces yuav tsum nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm lawv cov tsev neeg nrog rau cov tshwm sim ntawm xeb. Nws yeej paub tias qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm oxidation ntawm hlau.

Raws li xeb yog tsim?

Tej hlau khoom no muaj cov ib qhov nqi ntawm cov hlau caij :. Steel Ligature etc. Nws koom nyob rau hauv ntau hauj dab sib txawv ntawm cov hlau. Hlau ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab. Qhov no hlau yog ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm zus tau tej cov ntau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom, thiab tag tau tshem ntawm yuav luag tsis tau nws, thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub no yog tsis tsim nyog. Qhov no lub caij, thaum tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub nws yog xim hlau tsab xov xwm, nws thiaj li oxidized los ntawm huab cua, dej, dej, thiab lub resulting tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm hlau oxide yog 3. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, khoom coated nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua txhaum los ntawm subjecting tej kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sab.

Ntsiab zog

Hlau Oxide - nyiaj hlau yog heev zas. Nws lends nws tus kheej zoo rau ntau hom machining: forging, dov. Nws muaj peev xwm yaj ntau yam lug siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm ntau alloys. Active tshuaj caij ua num ua ke nrog txhua dilute acids los tsim ib tug compound coj valence. Tab sis nws behaves heev passively nyob rau hauv feeb meej acids. Ntshiab hlau twb npaj los ntawm cov kev ua ntawm cov zaub mov, uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv yeej tseem zoo ib oxide hlau.

kev sib txuas

Hlau tebchaw tsim ob kab: compound 2-valent thiab 3-valent. Txhua yam ntawm lawv yog yus muaj los ntawm nws cov oxide. Tsim hlau compound los ntawm xaus nyob rau hauv acids. hlau ntsev hydrolyze 3 xav, yog li ntawd muaj ib tug daj-xim av xim, txawm hais tias lub caij yog tsis muaj kob. Hlau tebchaw yog lug siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy raws li ib tug txo neeg sawv cev, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm kab nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam Anhydrous hlau oxide 2 yog npaj los ntawm 3 los ntawm txo oxide raws li ib tug dub hmoov, whereas kev npaj ntawm cov hlau oxide 3 tshwm sim los ntawm calcining hlau hydroxide 3. Oxides underlie tau hlau ntsev. Muaj yog tseem me me hu ua tus acid compound thiab cov compound nrog ib tug valence ntawm + 6. Thaum fused oxide 3 tsim ferrites thiab ferrates, tshiab, tseem tsis tau zoo heev kawm compound.

Lub loj heev nyob rau hauv cov xwm

Lub piav caij thiab nws cov tebchaw lug faib nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim liab, limonite hlau oxide 3 tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm magnetite - Fe3O4. Rau lub zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid hlau pyrites (sulphide) yog siv. Oxides yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov iron thiab hlau. Steel thiab hlau muaj kwv yees li tib yam pes tsawg leeg, qhov txawv tsuas yog cov pa roj carbon cov ntsiab lus. Hlau alloys muaj tsawg tshaj li 2,14% carbon, steels yog hu ua, thiab ntau tshaj 2,14% - hlau. Qhov no tis yog tsis haum rau txoj steels xws li hlau, vim hais tias lawv muaj ib tug ntau cov qauv thiab yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov kuaj ntxiv hais.