Sulfuric acid. Txoj kev ntawm kev npaj. daim ntawv thov

Sulfuric acid tau lug siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no. Niaj hnub nimno tshuaj lag luam muaj xws li nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov ntsiab ntau lawm, cov theem ntawm nws tso tawm yog ib qho indirect qhia ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj ntau lawm ntawm ib lub teb chaws. Txhua xyoo lub ntiaj teb no ua txog 160 lab tons ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw.

Raws li lawv physico-tshuaj zog, lub sulfuric acid yog ib tug dicarboxylic acid, qhov no compound ntawm leej faj nce mus txog lub siab tshaj plaws oxidation lub xeev (6). Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub concentrated sulfuric acid mob nruab nrab yog ib tug hnyav oily kua muaj tsis muaj xim, tsis hnov tsw. Sulfuric acid yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Raws li kuab muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau raws li zoo tib yam dej, thiab leej faj trioxide. Nws yog suav hais tias yuav ua tau ib tug aqueous tov, yog hais tias tus piv ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm molecules ntawm cov leej faj trioxide rau tus nqi ntawm cov dej yog tsawg tshaj li kev sib sau. Saum toj no no Performance index qhia yog siv - leej faj trioxide daws nyob rau hauv sulfuric acid los yog oleum.

Sulfuric acid ntau lawm muab no ceeb heev cov khoom creation txheej txheem mineral chiv, nws yog siv raws li ib tug ntsha nyob rau hauv ib tug lead-acid roj teeb, cov acid yog ib qho loj tivthaiv nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm ntau yam mineral ntsev thiab acids. Tshuaj fibers, dyes, haus luam yeeb-generating thiab explosives nyob rau hauv nws raug technology yog sulfuric acid. Yog tsis muaj nws yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam roj, hlau, textile, tawv thiab lwm yam lag luam.

Txawm cov zaub mov kev lag luam tsis tau yam uas tsis muaj kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw - muab ib tug khoom noj khoom haus additive E513 (emulsifier). Muaj Organic Synthesis, lub cev qhuav dej (cov txheej txheem rau muab esters, diethyl ether), co (ntau lawm ntawm ethanol los ntawm ethylene) sulfonation (ntau lawm ntawm detergents thiab intermediates rau qhov kev npaj ntawm dyes), alkylation (synthesis isooctane, caprolactam, polyethylene glycol), rov qab resins cov ntxaij lim dej rau distilled dej ntau lawm kab - tsis muaj leej twg ntawm cov dab tsis yog tsis muaj kev siv ntawm sulfuric acid.

Qhuav ntawm sulfuric acid muab cov yooj yim tshaj plaws neeg ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw - synthesis chiv. Piv txwv li, los ua ib tug ton ntawm phosphate chiv yog tsim nyog los siv los ntawm ob mus rau peb thiab ib tug ib nrab tonnes ntawm sulfuric acid. Vim li no, sulfuric acid qhauj entrusted nrog lub zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid, nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog tsev factories ua chiv.

ob ua txoj kev yog siv rau cov zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid ntau lawm yog tiv tauj lub ntsiab txoj kev thiab yog cuaj caum feem pua, cov pa roj nitrous (Tower) txoj kev muaj tsawg heev. Dua li ntawm qhov shortcomings thiab txhua denomination, zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid los ntawm cov pa roj nitrous pyrites moog los ntawm ntau txaus nyiam nqi kawm, kev huv, thiab siab concentration ntawm cov khoom tiav nyob rau qhov hluav taws xob.

Mastering cov kev sib cuag sulfuric acid cog synthesis txoj kev, lub sulfuric acid ntau lawm cia muab faib ua peb theem. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, ci pyrite, rau lub hom phiaj ntawd lub ci cub nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua "fluidized txaj". Qhov thib ob theem yuav cov oxidation ntawm cov leej faj dioxide rau leej faj oxide (VI), thiab nyob rau peb theem yog qhov kev npaj ntawm oleum, uas yog nrum rau tso tsheb hlau luam thiab xa mus rau cov neeg muas zaub.

sulfuric acid ntau lawm cov pa roj nitrous txoj kev tsis pom dav siv vim hais tias ntawm tsis txaus purity tso zis khoom, yog li limiting nws siv.

Txawm li cas los ntawm cov hom kev kawm thiab cov hau kev rau cov kev npaj, zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid yuav tsum tau manufacturers them nce xim rau tej kev tiv thaiv.