Hauj lwm Kalimantan

Kob ntawm Borneo - yog lub Indonesian ib feem ntawm Borneo kob, yog ob feem peb (532 205 sq. Km) ntawm nws tag nrho cheeb tsam (743,330 sq. Km). Tus duab ntawm cov kob ntawm Borneo, nws qhov twg, thaj nta thiab tej yam ntuj tso nta ntawm kev txaus siab rau ntau tourists. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas lub tsev txhab nyiaj los ntawm tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb rau siab mus ntau lovers ntawm cov tsiaj qus.

Qhov twg yog cov kob ntawm Borneo

Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub Malay Archipelago, ntxuav los ntawm plaub seas, Kalimantan accommodates li ntau raws li peb lub xeev: Brunei, Malaysia thiab Indonesia, uas occupies qhov loj tshaj plaws feem ntawm cov av thiab muaj plaub moo, npe hu ua nyob rau hauv raws li cov tog taws: Central, West, South, East. Malaysian ib feem yog 26% ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam thiab muab mus rau hauv lub xeev Sabak thiab Sarawak.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov ntev ntawm Kalimantan

Borneo, lub loj thib peb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm qhov luaj li cas - qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug xav tsis thoob cheeb tsam, mesmerizing kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov tsiaj qus nrog impenetrable tauj zoov nuj txeeg, ib tug ntau yam ntawm loj dej ntws, muaj ntau haiv neeg muaj thiab fauna, ib co neeg sawv cev ntawm uas yog pom xwb no. Los ntawm sab qab teb-hnub poob mus rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj Kalimantan ntev ntawm txog 1,100 kis lus mev. Muaj ntau ntau txhais ntawm nws lub npe: "Lub ntiaj teb txiv nkhaus taw", "Pob zeb diamond dej" nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm ib lub zos pawg neeg - klemantanov. ntev ntawm cov kob ntawm Borneo nyob rau hauv kilometers, nws qhov chaw nyob, lub cheeb tsam thiab qhov xwm ntawm cov kev txaus siab ntawm ntau neeg ncig chaw uas npau suav mus rau cov cheeb tsam no uas muaj hav zoov.

Island History

Tus thawj settlers uas tuaj ntawm teb chaws Africa, nyob rau cov kob ntawm Kalimantan muaj rau ib lub sij hawm ntev - txog 50 000 xyoo dhau los. Los ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th Borneo los ua ib feem ntawm cov Indonesian faj tim teb chaws ntawm Majapahit, lub puab yog ib feem ntawm nws twb nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm cov natives, thiab sab qaum teb ntxeev ntawm mus txog rau 18 centuries koom flourished nyob rau hauv cov xyoo lub Sultanate ntawm Brunei. Europeans pib tshawb ib ncig ntawm Kalimantan nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th thiab tswm cia rau nws ceev ceev txaus; txawm lub Dutch nrhiav tau lub East Is Nrias teb Company, uas yog lub hom phiaj ntawm export rau tus tshiab sab pawg neeg thaj av ntawm natural resources.

Tom qab ntawd, cov kob ntawm Kalimantan (yees duab txuas) yog tus colonial muaj lub Netherlands, thaum kawg kov yeej nws nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog II lub ntiaj teb no nws twb nyob los ntawm cov Japanese. Ywj pheej ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Indonesia twb paub nyob rau hauv 1950.

Ib tug me ntsis txog qhov Dayak

Kalimantan Island (yees duab kom meej meej qhia tag nrho cov pristine kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov tej yam yees siv qhov chaw) yog khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov sai advancing civilization. Yog tsis muaj ancient keeb kwm monuments thiab resort kev lom zem. Tus thawj inhabitants ntawm cov kob yog tus Dayak, txwv tsis pub xa mus rau raws li qhov "noj zoov" (nrog rau cov kev cai ntawm coj nyob rau hauv nws lub yeej hau warriors hostile pab pawg neeg). Lawv stubbornly ua raws li tso cia los ntawm centuries ntawm kev lig kev cai. Tus nab npawb ntawm Aboriginal neeg yog hais txog ib tug lab cov neeg, thiab lawv nyob los ntawm txoj cai ntawm lub zoov nuj txeeg, thiab cov lag luam tawm nyob rau hauv kev yos hav zoov liab thiab cov noog nrog cov kev pab los ntawm ancient riam phom. Nws yog tsis zoo li hais tias nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm lub suab ntawm lub neej lawv xav nyob rau hauv qhov ntev ntawm cov kob ntawm Kalimantan km. Dayaks nyob rau hauv ntev tsev, hu ua lamins; nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm txog 50 neeg. Muaj nuj nqis rau nws cov neeg, lub heroism thiab lub hospitality yog qhia nyob rau hauv tsoos seev cev - lub spectacle yog tiag tiag txawv txawv thiab fascinating.

Tag nrho cov neeg nyob ntawm Kalimantan yog hais txog 10 lab cov neeg, feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob hauv tus dej lub tsev txhab nyiaj thiab yog koom nyob rau hauv cov sau qoob rau ntawm thaj av. Lub nroog dwellers zoo li lag luam thiab ntau yam crafts.

Kalimantan xeev

Central Kalimantan - qhov loj tshaj plaws xeev ntawm cov kob yog ib thaj chaw ntawm 153564 square meters. kilometers. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, cov cheeb tsam no zoo nkaus li raws li ib tug khoom impenetrable hav zoov zoov nuj txeeg, thaum lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm nws - yog moorland, rugged loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov dej ntws, thiab rau sab qaum teb yog lub roob. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - Bukit Raya, xeeb 2278 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab thiab nyob rau ciam teb ntawm Central thiab West Kalimantan. Cov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws lub nroog ntawm cov kob yog pom tau hais tias Palancar, yog Ameslikas xeeb raws li lub capital ntawm Indonesia.

Yav qab teb Borneo (. 36985 square kilometers) - nplua nuj fertile xeev paub loj loj plantations hlau thiab roj hmab ntoo thiab muab faib massif Miratus rau hauv ob qhov chaw: mountainous nrog tuab nag hav zoov thiab lowland nrog ntau dej ntws, tus coos ntawm uas - Barito (ntev 600 km). Lub capital ntawm South Kalimantan yog lub nroog Bandazharmasin yus heev heev canals thiab nthuav nroog architecture. Lub cim ntawm lub nroog yog lub mosque Sabila Muhtadin, nto moo siab minarets. Qhov loj tshaj mloog yog attracted los ntawm nws txawv floating ua lag luam ntawm tus dej yog boring thiab dej raws. Nyob ze ntawm lub Bandazharmasina pob zeb diamond mines, qhov twg tsuas yog nqa tawm gems. Nyob rau hauv Borneo yog tsim deposits ntawm diamonds thiab cov roj, thiab cov roj ntau lawm yog ib mainstay ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm Indonesia thiab Brunei.

East Kalimantan npog thaj 194.849 square meters. km thiab yog tus thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob ib feem ntawm cov kob rau lub ntsiab lub zos ntawm Samarinda, yog qhov loj tshaj plaws coj mus muag qhov chaw nres nkoj, nyob rau hauv lub Mahakam dej Delta thiab tus naas ej vaj tse rau stilts thiab rafts. Samarinda yog nto moo rau nws crafts: hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog pearls, woven rattan bagatelles, lub finest fabrics rau sarongs.

West Kalimantan

Western Borneo (146,807 sq. Km) yog ib tug thinned cheeb tsam nrog tauj forests thiab peat bogs. No, raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm cov kob, muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov dej ntws, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov tag nrho cov dej tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig. Barito, Mahakam thiab Kapuas navigable rau ob peb puas kilometers. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau cov kob uas muaj ob tug Kapuas dej, yog ib tus uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv West Kalimantan thiab yog suav hais tias yog ntev dej nyob rau hauv Indonesia (1040 km) thiab tus coos dej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov kob. Ob txhais Kapuas 600 km ntev yog ib tug tributary ntawm lub Barito thiab ntws nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ib feem ntawm cov kob. Cov peev ntawm West Kalimantan yog ib nqaum nroog Pantianak hla qhov ncaj kab. Attractions tsim nyog cov xim ntawm tourists yog Abdurrahman Mosque, Sultan Palace Kadriarh, tsev cia puav pheej ntawm ceramics thiab iav, thiab City Museum nrog ib tug fascinating muaj pes tsawg leeg, nplooj siab mus rau lub kab lis kev cai ntawm ancient haiv neeg.

Yam ntxwv nta ntawm Kalimantan

Heev heev lub teb chaws Chaw ua si los yog ua li khiav ri nyob ib ncig ntawm cov kob, qhia cov magnificence ntawm lub teb chaws sov xwm, ntau haiv neeg thiab uniqueness ntawm tus muaj thiab fauna. Muaj Borneo nplua nuj thiab ntau haiv neeg: tsiaj nyob ib leeg hais 222 hom, ntawm uas 44 yog endemic. Ntawm no koj yuav nrhiav tau cov zoo apes, ntxhw, ya lemurs, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm puav, tsov txaij, khej, ob-horned phaw twj kum. Nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov muaj ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov noog - 600 hom. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv: Noog - twjkum, leeb nkaub, Argus. Lub fauna ntawm arthropods thiab kab li ntau uas tau tseem tsis tau tau tag nrho no. Ntawm cov ntoo yog yeej los ntawm pandanus, xyoob, ficus multicore, uas yog ib tug tag nrho koog, tsim sim saum nruab ntug keeb kwm ntawm ib tsob nroj uas yuav ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm 15-30 meters.

Lush forests yog loj ntoo ntoo rau ib qhov siab ntawm ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab kilometers. Cov lawv - lub sandalwood thiab rasamala. Tus ntoo uas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntiaj teb no yog heev tseem ceeb thiab yog lub hauv paus rau qhov kev npaj ntawm uas muaj ntxhiab tseem ceeb roj, resins thiab balsams. Lub roob peaks yog them nrog mixed nyom meadows thiab thickets ntawm lov tas vau. Ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Kalimantan feem ntau nraum thiab tsawg-dag, tau me ntsis sheltered bays. Raws ntug dej hiav txwv stretches sib quas ntus ntev barrier reef.