TsimSecondary kev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv

Rog nyob rau hauv mechanics. Lub tsev ntawm kev quab yuam nyob rau hauv mechanics

Rog nyob rau hauv mechanics feem ntau manifest lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv seem no nws yog dynamic. Nws yog muaj hais tias kawm lub zog ntawm lub cev kev noj mus rau hauv tus account lub rog kuj rau lawv. Hais tias yog ib lub zog nyob rau hauv lub mechanics ntawm dab tsi xwm lawv muaj thiab yuav ua li cas lawv yuav tsum tau xam, niaj hnub no peb mam li tham.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub puab

Raws li twb tau hais, lub mechanics ntawm kev quab yuam manifest lawv tus kheej feem ntau nyob rau hauv seem no. Thiab yog hais tias yog li ntawd, yuav muaj ntau tshaj paub hais tias feem ntau yog cov theoretical lub hauv paus ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm puab. Tej zaum ib tug neeg tau twb guessed hais tias peb yuav tau tham txog lub npe nrov Isaac Newton, los yog es, cov kev cai muab rau lawv. Lub tsev ntawm kev quab yuam nyob rau hauv mechanics, los ntawm txoj kev, uas yog vim li cas, thiab ua tim nws lub npe.

Uas tso cai rau peb mus Newton kev cai?

Lawv cia peb mus daws cov ntsiab teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias nws yog rau tej yam paub rau tag nrho cov rog kuj nyob ntawm ib tug muab lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv lub xeem lub cev. Cia peb xav hais tias qhov no yog muaj tseeb, thiab peb paub lawv. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav nrhiav tau cov acceleration, muaj feem xyuam rau lub cev tsis muaj ntau npaum li cas cov teeb meem. Tab sis qhov kev paub ntawm yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv qhov ntau thiab cov kev taw qhia yog cov acceleration, yuav qhib nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm peb lub cev ceev nrhiav zeem muag thaum twg xav taw tes nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, peb yuav txiav txim rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas tus taw tes thaum peb xav mus. Koj muaj peev xwm hais txog cov tseem ceeb ntawm kev thiab cov rov qab qhov teeb meem. Nws hloov tawm hais tias kom daws tau qhov teeb meem chiv yuav tsum zoo npaj cov rog nyob rau hauv mechanics, qhov twg lub mis yuav tsum muab hauv qab no.

Xwm rog

Yog hais tias peb qhib lub phau ntawv, cov phau ntawv txog cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv physics los yog lwm yam siv khoom thiab xa mus rau lub mechanics, peb pom ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem ntawm puab, qhov twg ntau ntsib nrog tsuas yog peb rog. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb rau lub universal gravitation, kev sib txhuam thiab elasticity. Wb tham txog txhua yam ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej. Thiab cia peb pib nrog tus thawj.

Lub cev ntog los ntawm ib tug qhov siab, tsis muaj pib ceev

Xws li mob no yog hu ua dawb lub caij nplooj zeeg. Txhua yam uas nyob ib ncig peb yog attracted rau peb ntiaj chaw. Nrog peb tus kheej. Ntawm no koj yuav txiav txim no fact ntawm universal gravitation rog. Tam sim no peb yuav las mees cua kuj, txawm tias qhov no mus kom ze yog tsis ib txwm tsim nyog. Tab sis ua dab tsi peb yuav tau txais? Ces tuaj, tias tag nrho cov lub cev muaj kwv yees li tib yam acceleration nyob rau hauv free caij nplooj zeeg. Tsis muab pov ib tug me me pob zeb los yog cobblestone tiag tiag cia - cov kev ceev thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg yuav hais txog tib yam.

Yuav ntxiv mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav system

Xav txog tej yam uas cov caij nplooj ntoos hlav tshem tawm sinker. Nws, zoo li lwm yam lub cev, yuav yuav poob mus rau hauv av. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws ua tus quab yuam ntawm attraction ntawm peb ntiaj chaw. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias tus caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog muaj zog, nws yuav tsum tau ncav us txog rau ib tug tej yam taw tes. Tom qab hais tias, lub cev yuav tsis ntog thiab lub kaw lus yuav tuaj mus rau ib lub xeev ntawm thiaj li hu ua cov neeg kho tshuab equilibrium. Nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw thaum lub ua rau lub cev ntau ntau rog, tab sis lawv zaum yog pes tsawg. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, cov kev txiav txim ntawm cov rog yog compensated.

Ntawm no pib mus nug rau ib zajlus kom xaus. Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tus quab yuam ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus rau tus luj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav sab muaj ib tug ntau dag zog yuam uas yog txaus sib npaug zos attraction. Nws muaj ib tug heev yooj yim lub npe uas muab los ntawm lub phenomenon. Nws hu ua nws cov elastic quab yuam. Lub tsev ntawm kev quab yuam nyob rau hauv mechanics yog universal, thiab ces nws, dhau lawm, yog sib npaug zos rau ib Newton.

Yog lub acceleration - yog vim li cas rau tus nqi ntawm kev hloov?

Tej zaum. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, txhua yam yog li no mas. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj khawb tob, nws yog txaus muab ib qho kev nthuav tig. Muaj yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus txoj cai ntawm Newton (thib ob), uas hais tias quab yuam sib npaug loj lub sij hawm lub acceleration imparted rau hauv lub cev. Thaum xub thawj tej zaum nws yuav zoo li (tsuas yog lej) uas tus quab yuam yog lub txiaj ntsim. Tab sis muaj yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tus txheem no yeej muaj tseeb.

Xav txog tej yam ib lub npas, rau cov uas khiav nrawm. Nws qhia lub hwj chim, thiab ces nws acquires ib tug tej yam acceleration. Ib yam li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub cev taw. Nws yog dua ib tug deb li cas, tso tseg. Acceleration yuav tsis zoo raws li ntev raws li tus tshaj tawm yog sib npaug zos rau zero. Peb yuav tam sim ntawd muab tso rau pem hauv ntej lub assumption tias muaj tshwm sim ib tug dag zog yuam uas slows lub cev, uas yog qhov ua rau ntawm no heev tsis zoo acceleration. Thiab nws yeej tshwm sim. Qhov no frictional quab yuam.

Lub caij ntawm kev quab yuam. Txhua yam: theoretical thiab kev

Lub caij ntawm kev quab yuam yuav tsum tau hu ua ib tug muab kev quab yuam generated los ntawm txoj kev sib hloov ntawm lub zog vector nrog rau ib tug taw tes los yog lub rub lub cev. Nws muaj lub dimension ntawm Newton ib 'meter'. tshwm sim tej yam kev mob yog yooj yim. Nws yog txaus kom ib tug taw tes tsis dag nyob rau hauv txoj kab ntawm kev quab yuam. Txiav txim seb tus taw tes yuav ua tau cov khoom ntawm kev quab yuam thiab leverage. Qhov yooj yim piv txwv yog twist noob txiv nrog ib tug ciaj ntswj. Zog nyob rau hauv theoretical mechanics tsis yog raws ntawm nws analogues nyob rau hauv lub classical seem, ces nws yuav ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau delve rau ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws saib xyuas. Wb rov qab mus rau tsim, vim hais tias lawv yog cov ntau ntau ib qho tseem ceeb.

Ib zaug ntxiv, lub hwj chim ntawm elasticity

Tus nyeem ntawv yuav yeej ib txwm tus kheej saib dab tsi yog tam sim no tau teev. Piv txwv peb muaj ib tug tau lub cev. Tej khoom muaj kuj thaum sim mus hloov tus duab, luaj li cas. Tab sis cov no ua hauj lwm tsis muaj dab tsi lwm tus tshaj yooj yooj yim deformation, txoj cai? Tab sis li cas yog nws hom? Nws muaj tsib theem pib hom ntawm deformation: nro, compression, dabtsi yog khoov, Torsion, chais ya cov plaub.

Yuav ua li cas yuav tshwm sim thaum koj sim mus hloov cov zoo thiab loj?

Nws yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, lub deformation yog elastic thiab tsis ywj. Tab sis koj yuav tsum paub hais tias nyob rau hauv tej kev sim los mus hloov lub zoo thiab loj ntawm lub cev, nws yuav sim coj lawv rov qab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog hais tias tus deformation yog me me piv rau tus thawj loj, lub elastic rog no yuav yuav ua li cas. Lwm yam, yog tias qhov teeb meem no yog raws nraim cov lus rov. Tab sis txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov dab twb koom paub txog Robert Guk. Nws thwmsim, uas tau muab rau nws kim heev kev pab them nqi ntawm cov deformation txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub cev, nws muaj nyob rau hauv 1660.

Yuav ua li cas ua li no paub txog?

Nws coj ib tug nyuaj cov tub ntxhais, uas pib rau ncab. Thaum zoo li no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub pas nrig, raws li tau guessed, lub elastic quab yuam. Nws yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ncab. Yuav kom piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm muaj nuj nqis, nkag mus rau cov nqi tshiab, ces hu ua elongation. Qhov no yog tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li qhov txawv nyob rau hauv linear qhov ntev ntawm lub cev thiab ncua nyob rau hauv lub dog dig lub xeev. Cov kev sim tau txawm ras ib co. Raws li nws muab tawm, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm me me deformations ntawm lub elongation thiab elastic quab yuam muaj ib tug ncaj qha proportional kev sib raug zoo. Ntawm no yog peb muaj lwm tus nqi, uas peb hu lub coefficient ntawm elasticity. Nws nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas los ntawm uas lub cev yog ua, thiab rau hauv dab tsi nws muaj linear qhov ntev.

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