Cov tshuaj "Novocaine": cov lus qhia rau kev siv, nqe. "Novocaine" nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub

Tshuaj "Novocaine" yog ib qho zoo analgesic tshuaj. Tshuaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kho mob pab kiag li lawm.

Pharmacological "Novocaine" tshuaj

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawd hais tias cov tshuaj muaj ib tug hauv zos ua kom loog ntsis kev ua si, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum. Kev npaj "Novocaine", uas yog ib tug tsis muaj zog puag, sodium raws yog sim los ntawm inhibiting txoj kev loj hlob thiab tawm ntawm paj impulses nyob rau hauv paj fibers thiab txoj. Thaum tau txais cov medicament los ib tug kev hloov ntawm potentials nyob rau hauv neuronal hlwb, muaj teeb meem loj los ntawm cov so tej zaum yog tsis muab. Cov tshuaj suppresses hais tawm ntawm kev mob impulses.

Thaum lub sij hawm suction thiab tam sim ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav thaum muab intravenously muaj yog ib tug thawj ntawm excitability ntawm peripheral cholinergic systems, thiab txo tu tub tu kiv ntawm qhov kev tso tawm ntawm acetylcholine preganglionic txoj. Lub medicament "Novocaine" (phau ntawv qhia piav txog qhov no) eliminates chua ntawm tus nqaij, thiaj li muaj cov excitability ntawm lub cev muaj zog thaj tsam ntawm lub hlwb cortex thiab infarction.

Tso dej raws leeg siv, cov tshuaj muaj antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, antishock, analgesic nyhuv, tsub kom lub refractory lub sij hawm, ho thiaj li conductivity, thiab automaticity excitability. Thaum txoj kev siv cov siab koob tshuaj tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ib tug ua txhaum ntawm poob siab nqaij conduction, convulsions muaj cai.

Cov tshuaj tuskheej nres lub downward tej yam uas lub hlwb kav, ib tug depressing ntxim rau polisinapticheskie reflexes. Nws muaj ib tug luv luv ua kom loog ua si. Action infiltration tshuaj loog kav los ntawm 30 feeb mus rau 1 teev. Cov tshuaj "Novocain" tswvcuab intramuscularly neeg laus cov neeg mob uas thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm pathologies yuav zoo tua cov kab mob txuam nrog impaired hauj lwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, cerebral chua, coronary thiab leeg tshav tawg.

Cov tshuaj no tsis absorbed los ntawm lub txheej. Thaum lub active neeg sawv cev sai txhaj mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, yog hydrolyzed los ntawm esterases ntaub so ntswg thiab ntshav, txoj kev ua ob lub ntsiab active metabolite: PABA (antagonists chemotherapeutic sulfa yeeb siv tshuaj) thiab diethylaminoethanol (muaj mob loj tsawv vasodilating txiav txim). Tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub ob lub raum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov metabolites.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "Novocaine" tshuaj

Ua tshuaj raws li ib tug tshuaj cov kev txhaj tshuaj yog ib tug ntshiab, tsis muaj kob kua, nyob rau hauv ampoules volume los ntawm 1 mus rau 20mL. Qhov feem pua ntawm active ingredient therein yog 0.25 thiab 0.5. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib thiab ob-feem pua tso "Novocaine" npaj tov. Tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv no yog hais txog 15 rubles.

Nrov thiab hmoov, raws li zoo raws li muaj menyuam tsis taus cov tshuaj ntawm medicament, poured mus rau hauv vials ntawm 0.2 thiab 0.4 liters. Rau cov kev kho mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob thov tshuaj pleev 5 thiab 10 feem pua, thiab suppositories, uas muaj 0.1 grams ntawm active ingredient (procaine hydrochloride), raws li zoo raws li koom haum pab Cheebtsam - witepsol los yog tallow. Nyob rau hauv 1 ml ntawm ib tug active tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov 0,005 grams, ntxiv Cheebtsam ua hydrochloric acid thiab dej rau txhaj tshuaj.

indications

Tshuaj "Novocaine" cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog xav kom nominate ua retrobulbar, davhlau ya nyob twg, cov leeg nrob qaum, hlau, epidural, infiltration tshuaj loog. Siv medicament khoom vagosympathetic thiab perirenal jugular blockade. Daim ntawv thov ntawm tus suppository yog zoo rau ua kom loog nrog qhov quav fissures thiab haemorrhoids. Siv tshuaj pleev los cov tsos mob ntawm neurodermatitis, eczema, khaus dermatosis.

Tshuaj "Novocaine": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Tshuaj laus cov neeg mob raws li ua infiltration tshuaj loog nyob rau hauv ib tug ntim ntawm 300-600 mg (0.25-0.5 feem pua tshuaj).

Kaw ntom nti los ntawm creeping infiltration Wisniewski txoj kev yog ua los ntawm plaug 0.25% daws nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li ntawm 125 ml. Epidural tshuaj loog yog ua li cas nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm "Novocaine" ob-feem pua cov kua. Tshuaj daim ntawv qhia kom ib tug ntau npaum ntawm 25 ml. Txha caj tshuaj loog tau los ntawm 2-3 ml ntawm 5% tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv ENT xyaum 10% ntawm cov tshuaj tov yog siv rau cov tshuaj pleev tshuaj loog.

Yuav kom nce lub caij ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj thiab txo nws absorbability, thiab kuj nyob rau ntawm ib lub zos ua kom loog tshuaj "Novocaine" diluted tshuaj ntawm epinephrine hydrochloride. Yuav kom ua tau lub electrophoresis yog pom zoo kom siv ib tug 10% tshuaj. Lub perirenal rog thaum lub blockade ntawm Wisniewski yuav tsum nkag mus rau tus 60 los yog 120 ml ntawm 0.5-th los yog 0.25% tov, ntsig txog. Vagosympathetic blockade ua los ntawm qhia 100 ml ntawm cov khoom ntawm 0.25% concentration.

Txawm tias contraindications tshuaj "Novocaine" cov me nyuam muaj feem ntau tus kws kho raws li ib tug analgesic thaum lub sij hawm cov thawj coj ntawm lwm yam tshuaj. Cov tshuaj yuav muab xam rau ntawm tus luj ntawm tus me nyuam (tsis pub ntau tshaj 15 milligrams ib kilogram).

Ntsuas ntawm lub suppositories yog siv tom qab yav tas los ua purgation ntawm enema los yog lawm. Thaum daim tawv nqaij pathologies tshuaj pleev thov rau cov nyias txheej npog ob lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv khob.

phiv

Tshuaj "Novocaine" (cov lus qhia rau kev siv ceeb toom ntawm no) tej zaum yuav ua rau tsis zoo tshua.

Central thiab peripheral lub paj hlwb teb rau cov tshuaj mob taub hau, tsis muaj zog, nkees nkees, kiv taub hau, nyob tsis tswm, qaug dab peg. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, yog ib tug co, tsis nco qab, Mob Zawm Ncauj, lub rooj sib hais thiab pom tau qhov sib puas, paraesthesia, tuag tes tuag taw ntawm ob txhais ceg, nystagmus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj pa tuag tes tuag taw, thaiv cov hlab cov pa nqaij.

Cardio-leeg tshav system yog ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, muaj mob nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab, arrhythmia, bradycardia, cev qhuav dej, peripheral vasodilatation.

Mob txeeb thiab digestive systems teb rau cov tshuaj siv tsis tso zis, defecation, ntuav thiab xeev siab.

Nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub circulatory system mus rau sab los muaj xws li methemoglobinemia. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav ua kom ua xua:

• ua xua;
• anaphylaxis ;
• daim tawv nqaij sawv pob;
• khaus.

Rau lwm tsis zoo tshua muaj xws li pheej tshuaj loog, impotence, hypothermia, rov qab mob. Thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj loog nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav cai lengthening ntawm tshuaj loog, paresthesia thiab xws li loog loog ntawm ob daim di ncauj thiab tus nplaig.

overdose

Yuav kom siv lub "Novocaine" tshuaj tshuaj, uas qhia cov kev kho mob regimen yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob. Tsis ua raws li cov kev cai tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm ib tug overdose. Cov tsos mob ntawm ntau siv cov medicament yog pallor ntawm lub qog ua kua week thiab daim tawv nqaij integument, methemoglobinemia, apnea, cia li siab nco, tachycardia, txog siav, ntuav, mob khaub thuas tawm fws, xeev siab, dias taub hau. Cov neeg mob muaj ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm kev ntshai, lub cev muaj zog ntxhov siab, convulsions, hallucinations. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tshem tawm ces overdose, tsim nyog mus nqa tawm pulmonary cua nrog rau oxygen inhalation, nyob rau hauv txoj mob, muab symptomatic thiab detoxification txoj kev kho.

Contraindications

Siv cov tshuaj yuav tsis yog txhua txhua tus neeg mob. Thaum lub tshuaj kom tsaug zog txwv tsis pub tej me ntsaum infiltration neeg sawv cev rau cov nqaij mos fibrotic hloov. Subarachnoid tshuaj loog tsis tau nqa tawm ntawm ib tug Septicemia, poob siab lub xeev, hypotension, los ntshav. Nws tsis pom zoo kom koom rau hauv kev kho mob, rau piv txwv, ua ib tug Hlob nrog "Novocaine".

Nrog ceev faj npaj siv thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas mob ntshav poob, mob raum tsis ua hauj lwm; rau tej yam kev mob uas yuav txo tau ntawm hepatic ntshav mov, advanced mob thiab leeg tshav insufficiency; raws li qhov kab mob ntawm lub qhov koob; inflammatory pathologies. Nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb kho mob saib xyuas yog tsim nyog los siv cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm yog tau me nyuam, hnyav thiab debilitated cov neeg mob, cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm feem ntau.

Nrog lub neej coj noj tshuaj nrog anticoagulants ( "danaparoid" "warfarin", "Ardeparin", "dalteparin", "Enoxaparin" "heparin") tsub kom qhov uas yuav los ntshav. Tej lub siab thiab bradycardia cai thaum lub sij hawm simultaneous thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj rau cov tshuaj "trimetafan", "mecamylamine", "guanadrel", "guanethidine." Ua kom lub zos ua kom loog kev ua sau nyiaj "epinephrine," "methoxamine", "Phenylephrine."

Nta ntawm daim ntawv thov

Ua ntej lub nta "Novocaine" thiab ua ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv, yog yuav tsum tau tas mus txiav txim ib tug neeg rhiab heev rau cov tshuaj. Ua li no, nqa tawm ib daim tawv nqaij mus kuaj, thiab yog hais tias muaj yog liab thiab o tuaj yuav raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg uas tsis yog-txais txhais tau tias.

Thaum lub sij hawm kev kho mob nws yog tsim nyog los saib xyuas cov hauj lwm ntawm lub plawv, lub paj hlwb thiab ua pa tshuab. Yuav kom txo tau cov mauj raug, toxicity thiab ua rau kom cov nyhuv uas cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm lub zos tshuaj loog, tshuaj "lidocaine" los yog "Novocaine" yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog vasoconstrictors. Rau qhov no, ib tug nco ntawm epinephrine hydrochloride tshuaj ntxiv mus rau 3 ml ntawm cov medicament "Novocaine".

Lub siab dua lub concentration ntawm cov tshuaj siv, qhov ntau yog cov tshuaj lom tshuaj. Yuav kom txo tau cov kev cuam tshuam rog nws yog pom zoo kom txo tau cov zuag qhia tag nrho ntau npaum ntawm medicament los yog diluted mus rau ib tug txo concentration. Qhov no yog ua nrog ib tug menyuam tsis taus isotonic tshuaj ntawm sodium tshuaj dawb.

Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug npau taws me ntsis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv thawj zaug rau theem ntawm kev kho mob siv 2 ml ob-feem pua cov kua, thiab tom qab peb hnub (yog hais tias muaj tsis muaj kev phiv) cov tshuaj twb tau nce mus rau 3 mL, thiab ces hais kom siv rau tag nrho cov ntim - 5 ml ib txhaj tshuaj.

Thaum lub sij hawm pw kho mob yuav tsum tau muab li tsav tsheb thiab kev siv ntawm cov dej num ntsig rau qhov muaj zog xim, kev ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab kev puas hlwb tshua.

Sis nrog lwm yam tshuaj

Thaum muab intravenously, cov tshuaj tej inhibitory ntxim rau lub paj hlwb sedatives, sleeping ntsiav tshuaj, cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tshuaj loog, tranquilizers thiab narcotic analgesics. Cov tshuaj prolongs lub kev txiav txim ntawm nqaij, paj thaiv tshwm sim los ntawm suxamethonium. Cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hypotension yog nce los ntawm tag nrho kev siv ntawm cov nyiaj "Novocaine" nrog Mao inhibitors).

Anticholinesterase tshuaj ua rau kom cov tshuaj muaj taug ntawm cov tshuaj, inhibit nws hydrolysis. Para-aminobenzoic acid, uas yog ib tug metabolite ntawm cov tshuaj, txo lub antimicrobial nyhuv ntawm sulfonamides, vim hais tias lawv nyiam sib tw antagonist. Qhov ntau yam ntawm lub zos tshua nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm edema thiab muaj zog morbidity nyob rau hauv lub ua chaw tshuaj ntawm lub zos ua kom loog thawj coj ntawm tshuaj tua kab mob kev daws teeb meem uas muaj hnyav hlau.

Txoj kev siv "Novocaine" tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub

Thaum lub sij hawm nyuam ntau cov poj niam muaj kev nyuaj siab qhov yuav tsum tau kev kho hniav los yog ntau yam tsis kaj siab tsos mob, xws li mob nraub qaum. Nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav, tshuaj loog yog siv feem ntau txhais tau tias "Novocaine". Siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem yog siv tau. Koj tsuas yuav tau qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog cev xeeb tub uas nws siv yeeb tshuaj, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub tam sim no qhov teeb meem. Thaum toxicosis, tswv yim nrog ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, raws li tso cai noj tshuaj "Novocaine". Nyob rau hauv cev xeeb tub, nws siv yog tau tsuas yog nyob rau txhawb siab, tom qab ua ntej kev sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob.

Tool tswj lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub plawv thiab cov nyhuv relaxing rau cov nqaij ntshiv. Thaum tej yam tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob nyob rau hauv lub plab, uas yog txuam nrog rau peptic rwj kab mob, peb pom zoo kom siv cov suppositories. Normalize siab hemorrhoids kuj tau siv suppositories. Tshuaj "Novocaine" yog siv thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub xwb nyob rau cov tshuaj, nws tus kheej-tshuaj yog tsis tso cai! Lub tshwj xeeb yuav xam yuav tsum tau txhaj koob tshuaj thiab zaus ntawm cov thawj coj, tom qab Ntsuam xyuas cov ntsuas ntawm cev xeeb tub. Suppositories yog siv ob zaug txhua hnub, pre-tshem lub cev ntawm enema.

Nqe thiab yeeb tshuaj analogues "Novocaine"

Nqi "Novocaine" npaj (nqi tej zaum yuav txawv me ntsis nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg tsev muag tshuaj) nyob rau hauv vials (0.5%) yog 22 rubles. Ib vial 0.25% tshuaj (200 ml) los yog lub qhov quav suppositories yuav muab 27 rubles. Lub Khoos Loos Tsev analogues ntawm active tshuaj yog medicaments:

• "Procaine hydrochloride".
• "Novocain puag."
• "Novocaine-minyuam lam fwj tshuaj".
• "Novocaine Bufus".