Aleksandr Benua: ib tug luv luv biography thiab creativity

Lub npe nrov Lavxias teb sab artist Aleksandr Nikolaevich Benua (1870-1960) tau yug los rau hauv ib tug muaj koob tsev neeg, nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd nws muaj yim tus me nyuam. Niam Camille Albertovna Benoit (Kavos) yog tus tsim ntawm ib tug tshuab raj. Leej Txiv - ib tug naas ej vajtse.

Aleksandr Benua, biography (luv luv): thaum yau thiab thaum tiav hluas

Cov me nyuam tseem yau ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej artist twb muaj nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Muaj nws cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav ntawm Karl Tej zaum, uas nyob rau ntau lub sij hawm tau kawm tiav 25 mej zeej ntawm lub genus Benoit. Thaum kawm tiav ntawm ib tug classical kev kawm ntawv, Alexander ntxiv nws kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg University thiab nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus kawm cov chav kawm hauv lub Academy ntawm Fine Arts. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, ib tug hluas Benoit txawv nws tus kheej raws li ib tug kws ntawv thiab cov critic, ntxiv yws phau ntawv "Keeb kwm ntawm European Kos duab" tshooj rau Lavxias teb sab kos duab. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm 1896 mus 1898 Aleksandr Benua nyob thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Nws yog ib lub "Versailles series" lawv tau sau muaj.

"World of Art"

Nyob rau hauv 1898, ua ke nrog SP Diaghilev, Aleksandr Benua ncaav lub koom haum "World of Art", ua tib cov ntawv qhia. Nws muaj xws zoo-paub ntxias xws li Lancer, Diaghilev thiab Bakst. Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum ncaav ib exhibition nyob rau hauv uas coj ib feem Roerich, Vrubel, Serov, Bilibin, Vasnetsov, Korovin thiab Dobuzhinsky. Txawm li cas los, tsis yog txhua txhua eminent ntxias dej siab rau lub "World of Art". Nyob rau hauv kev, Repin yog tsis heev fond ntawm lub tuam txhab, thiab ntawm Benoit hu ua ib nrab-kev txawj ntse, bibliographer thiab curator ntawm lub Hermitage, txawm hais tias nws coj ib feem nyob rau hauv miv.

"Lavxias teb sab Seasons"

Nyob rau hauv 1905, Aleksandr Benua mus rau Fabkis. Muaj, nrog rau nws teg num, cov neeg dhia tes troupe "Lavxias teb sab Seasons" twb tsim, taws los ntawm Diaghilev. Benoit yog nws artistic thawj coj thiab nyob rau hauv 1911 nws tsim tau ua lub ntiaj teb no-nrov scenery rau lub opera "Petrushka" los ntawm Stravinsky. Thiab ob peb paub hais tias cov artist yog tsis tsuas tsim productions tab sis kuj pab sau ntawv mus rau libretto rau lub opera.

Rov qab mus rau Russia

Nyob rau hauv 1910, cov artist luam tawm ib tug "Phau Ntawv Qhia rau cov Hermitage." Qhov no ib tsab yog tus culmination ntawm nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kos duab critic. Ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab Aleksandr Benua rau lawv cov nyiaj yuav nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, Sudak cheeb tsam ntawm thaj av uas ua ib lub tsev, qhov chaw uas tau so thiab ua hauj lwm. Paintings thiab sketches ua muaj, yog pom nyob rau hauv ntau Lavxias teb sab puas. Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm, tom qab nws ncaim mus rau Fabkis, thaum nws los ua tseeb tias Benoit yuav tsis rov qab, lub archive yog muab cia rau hauv lub Crimean tsev ntawm ntxias, muab cob rau tus Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej, thiab tej khoom thiab rooj tog zaum muag thaum auction.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv Soviet Russia

Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, nyob rau qhov kev pom zoo ntawm Gorky Aleksandr Benua, ib tug yees duab uas yog hais hauv qab no, kuv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Committee rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kev cai Monuments, nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm cov Hermitage thiab koom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau npe ntawm ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv ntau theaters: Mariinsky, Alexandrinsky thiab lub Bolshoi Drama.

Txawm li cas los, ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog heev frustrating rau cov artist. Los ntawm daim ntawv qhia A. V. Lunacharskogo rau 09/03/1921, nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau ib qho kev thov rau ib daim card №2244 implied tias nws txhawb qhov kev hloov, tab sis tom qab chim los ntawm lub neej tej teeb meem, thiab qhia dissatisfaction nrog cov Communist tswj tsev cia puav pheej kev ua hauj lwm thaum pib ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Tom ntej no Commissar sau tias Benoit tsis yog ib tug phooj ywg ntawm lub tshiab tsoom fwv, tab sis raws li tus thawj coj ntawm lub Hermitage muaj zoo kev pab rau lub teb chaws thiab cov kawm Askiv. Ntsiab lus Lunacharsky yog: rau cov kev zoo ntawm lub artist yog cov tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv.

ncaim

Tsis meej xwm cwj pwm mus rau qhov tshiab tsoom fwv txiav txim rau yav tom ntej lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm Benoit. "Lub sib yuav ntawm Figaro" - kawg ua tau zoo nyob rau Leningrad Bolshoi Drama ua yeeb yam, staged los ntawm cov artist ua ntej nws ncaim ntawm lub teb chaws.

Nyob rau hauv 1926, Lunacharsky Aleksandr Benua tswv yim pom zoo biography uas nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los yog tag nrho ntawm tragic cov txheej xwm, mus rau ib lub lag luam mus txawv tebchaws rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov neeg pej xeem Opera tsev nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Xa nws mus rau Paris, Commissar paub txig zoo li cas twb mus nyob rau hauv nws lub siab. Benoit twb mus tom qab ua hauj lwm rov qab mus rau Russia, tab sis nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub rau hli ntuj 1927 nws Lunacharsky tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Paris. Los ntawm cov tsab ntawv ntawm lub artist rau FF Nortau li nram no tias nws yog tus neeg lub commissar ntxias kom nws tsis txhob rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv ib tug phooj ywg sib tham, nws hais tias cov tsis muaj cov nyiaj pab thiab cov tej yam kev mob rau nws lub lag luam thiab qhia rau tos nyob rau hauv Fabkis kom txog thaum lub teeb meem no hloov.

Yog li ntawd Benoit yeej tsis rov qab mus rau Russia.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Biography Aleksandra Benua txuas ntxiv mus sau yog twb nyob deb ntawm lub tsev, tab sis nyob rau hauv Paris lub sij hawm no nws muab tawm feem ntau ntawm nws cov phooj ywg thiab cov associates. Cov artist txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm thiab tsim lub scenery nyob rau hauv ntau theaters, sau cov phau ntawv thiab paintings. Lawv tom qab ua hauj lwm ua ke nrog nws tus tub Nicholas thiab tus ntxhais Elena. Aleksandr Benua tuag nyob rau hauv Paris nyob rau hauv 1960, ib tug me ntsis ua ntej lub hnub nyoog ntawm 90-xyoo hnub tseem ceeb. Nws tshuav ib tug lossis loj npaum li ntawm ua hauj lwm, cov ntaub ntawv thiab memoirs. Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej Aleksandr Benua, biography thiab creativity uas tau raug inextricably txuas nrog Russia, nws tseem yog ib tug ardent patriot thiab sim ua kom nws ib tug nrov kab lis kev cai nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Tej lub neej

Aleksandr Benua twb sib yuav. Cov me nyuam yug los: tus ntxhais Helen thiab tus tub Nicholas. Ob leeg ntxias. Benoit nyob rau hauv 1924 nyob rau caw ntawm lub National Opera tsiv mus rau Fabkis. Nws ces tsiv mus rau Ltalis, qhov twg rau ntau xyoo (los ntawm 1937 mus 1970) yog tus thawj coj ntawm ntau lawm ib feem nyob rau hauv lub Milan La Scala. Koom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau npe ntawm productions, ntau yam uas tau nrog nws txiv, nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau nto moo theaters nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tsim lub peb-lub caij ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv lub Bolshoi Theatre nyob rau hauv Moscow. Elena ntxhais tshuav los ntawm Soviet Russia nrog nws txiv nyob rau hauv Paris nyob rau hauv 1926. Nws yog ib tug naas ej neeg pleev kob, thiab nws ob tug paintings nrhiav Fabkis tsoom fwv. Cov nws tej hauj lwm muaj ib tug portrait ntawm BF Chaliapin thiab Ze Serebryakova.

Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tus naas ej neeg pleev kob, leej twg ua ib tug zoo pab mus rau lub ua yeeb yam, twb tau tsim los ntawm lub thoob ntiaj teb neeg dhia tes nqi zog uas bears nws lub npe. Thaum Peterhof muaj ib tug los txhais rau rau siab ua nws tus kheej.