"Hmo ntuj Watch" - Rembrandt

Lub xyoo pua 17th yog cim los ntawm cov flowering ntawm lub Dutch tsev kawm ntawv ntawm painting, uas yog txuam nrog cov me nyuam yug ntawm nruab nrab hauv chav kawm ntawv thiab cov tsis muaj txhav dictates ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Cov yav tas teeb meem tau coj mus rau lub fact tias es tsis txhob ntawm paintings nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas ntxhais ntxias pib pleev xim, depicting scenes ntawm lub neej ntawm nws lub contemporaries, tseem lifes thiab ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam khw thiab lub koom haum pib kom pej xeem pab pawg neeg portraits. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub Rembrandt "Hmo ntuj Watch" - ib daim duab pleev xim rau ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lub sharpshooters ntawm lub Netherlands. Niaj hnub no, nws yog pom zoo raws li ib tug ntawm cov masterpieces ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab, thiab ib co tawg tsam muaj txhais los ntawm cov kws txawj thiab cov kws tshwj xeeb, kawm keeb kwm ntawm cov kos duab, ntau yam ntawm txoj kev.

Sau ntawm lub painting "Lub Hmo ntuj Watch": biography

Rembrandt Van Reyn yug nyob rau hauv 1606 nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Leiden. Nws twb kawm ntawv nyob rau Latin lub tsev kawm ntawv, kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm ib lub zos lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv painting, uas ua tus naas ej neeg pleev kob Yakhauj van Svanenbyurh. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17, tus tub hluas mus rau Amsterdam thiab 4 xyoo nws coj peb zaj lus qhia los ntawm Pieter Lastman, qhov uas nws tau ntsib nrog Yanom Livensom. Tom qab kawm tiav, cov tub ntxhais hluas txiav txim siab los teem ib lub studio nyob rau hauv Leiden, thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos lawv twb tau mus cuag ib txhia kawm tau zoo.

Nyob rau hauv 1631 Rembrandt rov qab mus rau Amsterdam, nws yuav tus ntxhais ntawm tus cob moos ntawm Leeuwarden thiab pib xim portraits ntawm muaj myiaj amsterdamtsev. Txawm li cas los, ib tug zoo siab tsev neeg lub neej ntawd kub ntev li tsuas yog 10 xyoo: nyob rau hauv 1641-m cov artist faus nws tus poj niam, sab laug nrog ib lub xyoo-laus tus tub nyob rau hauv nws caj npab.

Cov neeg muas zaub ntawm "Hmo ntuj Watch"

Ib xyoo tom qab no tsis Rembrandt tau txais ib tug loj kev txiav txim los ntawm kaum yim riflemen nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm Fabkis Banning Coca - sau pab pawg neeg portrait ntawm lawv lub tuam txhab, rau cov uas nws tau cog lus, thiab tom qab them 1600 florins. Niaj hnub no, cov web yog hu ua tus "Hmo ntuj Watch" - ib daim duab, uas yog suav hais tias yog forerunner ntawm xws chaw ntawm painting li realism thiab impressionism. Tu siab, lub contemporaries, xws li cov neeg muas zaub, tsis txaus siab rau qhov kev ua hauj lwm yog menyuam, thiab nws yog vim li cas rau lub txias ntawm cov pej xeem mus rau lub artist, uas thaum kawg coj mus rau nws cov neeg txom nyem.

"Hnub Watch"

Yuav ua li cas yog xwm nyob rau hauv no canvas, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tej tawg tsam ntawm uas ntau tshaj ib xyoo pua ntawm controversy cov kws txawj kos duab thiab lovers? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tus zaj duab xis "Hmo ntuj Watch", qhov twg cov duab yuav pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov phau ntawv rau rau siab ua tej hauj lwm ntawm Rembrandt, depicts ib tug scene ntawm kev npaj rau lub parade. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov kev txiav txim yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su. Yog li ntawd yog vim li cas cov artist khuv xim xim tsev thiab pleev xim rau twilight? Qhov no puzzle rau ib ntev lub sij hawm tsis tau muab so rau cov kev soj ntsuam. Txawm li cas los, cov tshuaj muab tau yooj yim heev, txij thaum lub restoration, nws tau los ua tseeb hais tias cov tsis muaj kev illumination - nws tsis yog ib tug artistic ntaus ntawv, thiab cov ib txwm muaj hmoov quav. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws twb pom hais tias lub npe "Hmo ntuj Watch" painting tau txais xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Txawm nws yog, hnub no, qhov no masterpiece los ntawm Rembrandt tshwm rau qhua ntawm lub State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Amsterdam nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv thiab tsis qhuas los ntawm connoisseurs ntawm cov kos duab.

canvas loj

Qhov ntev creation ntawm Rembrandt, commissioned los ntawm lub tuam txhab ntawm archers pej xeem militia yog 437 los ntawm 363 cm, txawm li cas los, nws twb pom hais tias cov web yog hnub no lub npe hu ua lub "Hmo ntuj Watch" -. Cov duab, cov sawv cev ib tug loj ib feem ntawm cov thawj, muas thaum chiv thawj muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas qhov chaw. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias, rau tsis paub hais tias yog vim li cas, ib tug fragment depicting Jacobs Dirksen de Roy thiab Jan Bryugmana twb tom qab txiav. Luckily, cov tsab ntawv ua nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th Gerrit Lyundensom muab ib tug hais txog ntawm yuav ua li cas cov thawj ntsia zoo li ua ntej qhov kev puas tsuaj.

"Hmo ntuj Watch": piav qhia ntawm daim duab

Nyob rau canvas qhia tau hais tias ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm musketeers coj los tus tauj ncov loj kok, uas yog hnav ris tsho nyob rau hauv ib tug dub lub tsho tiv no thiab gesticulating, muab ib tug thiaj li Lieutenant van Reytenbyurgu. Qab lub rov qab yog qhov kawg musketeer Leydekers Jan Clasen, thaum nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej depicts Spearman Jan Okkersen. Lwm daim duab mus nyiam xim - yog hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv ib tug liab tunic Jan van ua dawb Hede, loader musket. Tag nrho cov neeg no yog surrounded los ntawm ntau lwm yam cim, ib co kev uas twb tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo rau tus xib xub. Piv txwv li, rau hnub no muaj teeb meem daim duab ntawm ib tug ntxhais nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua nuj kub hnav ris tsho, vim hais tias nws tsis yog tseeb li cas lub hom phiaj lub artist xwm ib tug me nyuam ntawm cov armed cov txiv neej. Qhov no ib zaug dua qhia rau cov saib hais tias "Hmo ntuj Watch" - ib daim duab tag nrho ntawm mysteries.

Lub ntxiv txoj hmoo ntawm paintings

Thaum Rembrandt hais qhov painting sub neeg militia, lawv yuav tsis khiav nkaum nws chim siab, vim li cas lawv pom tsis sib haum mus rau notions ntawm pab pawg neeg portrait, uas twb muaj lawm thaum lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv kev, cov neeg muas zaub tau vam hais tias lawv yuav sawv cev kwv yees li ntawm li kev pab txog tam sim no muaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tsoos duab kos tus cim rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo kawm ntawv. Es tsis txhob, cov artist muab lawv ib tug canvas uas yog tag nrho ntawm tsis paub hais tias cov cim, thiab ib co xib xub twb nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab lawv nrhiav yog luag pom. Yog li, daim duab, uas yog pom raws li ib tug masterpiece ntawm tag nrho cov, leej twg yog twb txog 200 xyoo kawm creativity Rembrandt nrhiav tsis tau txais nrog nws cov contemporaries. Ntxiv mus, rau ntau xyoo nws nyob nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov nyob deb ces kaum ntawm lub zos nrog, thaum nws - nyob rau hauv neeg pluag mob - tsis tau pom ib tug artist Van Deyk, razglyadevshy nyob rau hauv cov hmoov av ntawm tus sau lub npe.

"Hmo ntuj Watch": legends thiab hoaxes

Niaj hnub no, ib tug yuav feem ntau tuaj nyob raws li ib tug coj txawv txawv piav qhia ntawm Rembrandt, hais tias ib tug muaj peev xwm tsuas ua tau tag ignorance ntawm cov neeg uas txua lawv. Piv txwv li, ib co pseudo-kev soj ntsuam ntawm muaj tsis ntev los qhia lub hom phiaj uas tag nrho cov gestures ntawm lub cim qhia ob notable amsterdamtsev muaj nyob rau ntawm sab laug (los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib) ntug ntawm lub canvas, uas yuam kom cov tua neeg ntawm Lieutenant van Reytenbyurga. Ntxiv mus, lawv hais tias qhov no yog qhov kev sim rau unmask lub killers ntawm Rembrandt angered lub criminals, thiab lawv tau ua txhua yam rau plunge rau hauv cov neeg txom nyem artist. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tus hais tias tub ceev xwm tau tuag lawm xwb nyob rau hauv 1657, thiab cov artist yuav tsis paub hais tias tos van Reytenbyurga 15 xyoo tom qab lub creation ntawm "Hmo ntuj Watch".

3D qauv ntawm "Hmo ntuj Watch"

Rembrandt txoj hauj lwm, uas, tom qab lub painting depicting archers militia nres tau txais kev txiav txim thiab tuag nyob rau hauv cov neeg txom nyem, tshiab khiv xav kos duab lovers xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Niaj hnub no, kev ua hauj lwm thiab txawm sketches los ntawm no artist, muag nyob rau ntawm auction rau xav tsis thoob qhaub, thiab nws duab no yog mus yuav ib tug qhia txog yam tshiab collections ntiaj teb no lub loj tshaj plaws puas.

Ib tug ob peb xyoos dhau los, lub Lavxias teb sab sculptor Mikhail Dronov thiab Alexander Taratynov txiav txim siab los ua ib tug "Hmo ntuj Watch" 3D qauv. Nws nruab nrab yog 22 bronze nuj nqis nyob rau hauv tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob, yog pheej rov qab ua nyob rau hauv txhua daim duab ntawm lub cim ntawm tus naas ej paintings. Niaj hnub no qhov no ua hauj lwm yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog Rembrandt Square nyob rau hauv Amsterdam thiab yog heev nrov ntawm tourists.

Thaum ib tug neeg xav qhia rau koj txog qhov "Hmo ntuj Watch", qhov kev piav qhia ntawm daim duab, tsis muaj teeb meem yuav ua li cas kom tiav thiab ncauj lus kom ntxaws tej zaum nws yuav yuav, tsis tau qhia lub tswv yim uas embraces tag nrho cov uas nrhiav tau lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm no masterpiece nyob rau hauv lub nrog ntawm lub State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Amsterdam. Thiab txhua leej txhua tus lwm tus saib cov duab los yog tos rau lub 3D qauv "Saib" yuav coj rov qab mus rau Russia.