Yuav ua li cas yog lub distillate? Tais kiag rau distillation

Muaj ntau ntawm peb tej zaum ib zaug nyob rau hauv kuv lub neej hnov ntawm distilled dej los yog distillate. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug heev lim dej, yog muaj kev koom siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kev lag luam thiab cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav saib dab tsi tag nrho cov nta ntawm nws distillate, lub zog thiab daim ntaub ntawv. Ib tug Wb pib nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm cov kev kho mob txoj kev xws li ib qho tseem ceeb thiab muaj kev pab rau lub ntiaj teb li dej.

zaj dabneeg

Nrog rau cov zaj uas lub sij hawm, tib neeg, ua ib tug zuj zus tooj ntawm cov khoom, nce tagnrho ua nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pov tseg. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus nrov tshaj plaws txoj kev rau pov tseg ntawm cov teeb meem tebchaw twb tau faus lawv nyob rau hauv lub hauv av, los yog tso rau hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tom qab lub "landfill" pov tseg yog ib tug loj lub sij hawm uas ib txhia ntawm lawv yuav tau txais mus rau hauv dej los ntawm av. Nrog rau qhov kev vam meej ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab paub dej kev kho mob, thiab nws yog tsim nyog rau cov kev ruaj ntseg hav zoov ntawm cov neeg. Lub earliest txoj kev tu thiab ntau cov dej ntshiab, tau zaum ua lwm ob txhiab xyoo dhau los, thaum cov neeg tau boiled los yog lim dej los ntawm lub ntub xuab zeb. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev ua hauj lwm yog ua kom cov dej saj zoo dua.

Txawm li cas los, muaj tam sim no ntau tshaj kev kho mob txoj kev, thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau lawv yog tsis npaj rau zus tau tej cov dej haus. Qhov tseeb yog tias ntau heev lim dej theem raug mob rau lub cev. Nws tsis muaj yaj ntsev, ntsev ntawm ib tug kab mob li yaj nyob rau ntawd thiab tawm los ntawm cov zis. A ntsev leaching tsis Bode zoo nrog lawv vim hais tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov tseem ceeb dab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, xws li cov hauj lwm ntawm lub cev hlwb (poov tshuaj ntsev twj tso kua mis).

Yuav ua li cas yog lub distillate?

Distillate hu ua cov dej pom degree tau los ntawm distillation nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb apparatus - distiller. Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ib tug dej purification degrees kuj nkag tau lub tswvyim ntawm lis-distillate, i.e. ib distillate dua lwm distillation txheej txheem.

Rectified los yog distillate - tib yam seb nws yog lub tswvyim? Tsis yog, lawv yuav tsum tau distinguished. Lawv txawv los ntawm lub purification txheej txheem: distillate yog lim los ntawm distillation, thiab rectified, raws li yuav tsum to taub los ntawm nws lub npe, distillation (txoj kev no vim qhov kev sib cais ntawm mixtures countercurrent tshav kub pauv loj thiab lub zog). Distillation, feem ntau yog siv cais mixtures ntawm ntau yam kua. Nws tso cai rau kom muab tau yam nyias pib sib tov tshuam nyob hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv. Tab sis qhov no yog feem ntau tsis muaj tseeb rau cov dej. Yog li ntawd, tu lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev pab ntawm cov ntiaj chaw siv distillation. Nws tso cai rau koj mus ntxuav cov dej los ntawm ntau ions thiab impurities, uas yog inevitably tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws.

Muab kuj de-ionized dej. Nws txawv ntawm distilled uas muaj zoo tsis muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg tshuaj ions. Koj yuav hais tias qhov no - cov lim dej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yog siv tsuas yog rau cov thwmsim, raws li cov dej no yog yus (thiab, incidentally, lig mov) rau tib neeg. Yuav kom de-ionized dej kuj muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev ntawm kev npaj yog txawv los ntawm lwm tus, tab sis ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej txog nws.

Qhov twg siv distillate dej?

Peb tuaj rau ib qho ntawm feem ntau nthuav lus nug. Yog hais tias cov dej no yuav tsis haus dej haus, koj yuav ua li cas ntxiv nrog nws, koj nug. Raws li peb hais saum toj no, distilled dej yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug txhob txwm scientific lub hom phiaj. Nrog nws cov kev pab tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv tshua vim hais tias txawm ib tug me me concentration ntawm tej impurities uas tej zaum yuav lwj kev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub distillate yog zoo meej rau muab yaug hlau chaw. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub sau nyob rau hauv hlau vim hais tias nws tsis yog scum.

Los yog rectified distillate li siv nyob rau hauv pharmaceutics rau qhov kev npaj ntawm kev daws rau qhov ncauj thawj coj. Distillate, los ntawm txoj kev, yog siv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm ib qho ntawm cov dej cawv haus - grappa.

Kev npaj ntawm distilled dej

Yuav ua li cas yog lub distillate, peb twb sib tham. Thiab tam sim no rau txoj kev ua no ultra-dej ntshiab. Feem ntau, lub feem ntau yooj yim distillation apparatus muaj ob peb qhov chaw: ib tug caij cua kub, cov hlab raug ntxuav nrog dej, ib tug tub yees, thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub tank nyob rau hauv uas distillate tau yuav noog. Thaum cua sov rau cov thawj zaug "qias neeg" dej generates chav, deprived ntawm impurities thiab ntsev nanoparticles. Nws nkag mus rau hauv lub tub yees, nyob qhov twg nws yog condensed thiab lim nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab kua ntws mus rau hauv lub receiver txog ntsha. Qhov no yog siv los tsim teeb distillates.

Muaj kuj yog lwm txoj kev los ntxuav. Rau nws cov kev siv, ib tug tais kiag rau distillation. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub essence ntawm tus txheej txheem tseem tib yam, cov tsuas yog kev hloov yog hauj tivthaiv. Tais kiag rau distillation yog siv rau qhov siv thiab haus dej haus cawv, ntau yeej, rau purifying cawv los ntawm admixtures. Nws ntxiv tsis zoo li cov pa distiller yog hais tias nws yuav purification kauj ruam thiab tom qab txhua kauj ruam cov khoom yog lawm. Qhov no tshwm sim tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau perezalivat kua nyob rau hauv lub distiller los yog lis-distiller.

Mus de-ionized dej

Ib me ntsis ntxiv txog lwm daim ntawv ntawm lim dej - de-ionized. Nws yog tau los ntawm txoj kev ion pauv resins, ie. E. khoom muaj peev xwm ntawm ceev ib tug zoo los yog tsis zoo ions. Tom qab hais tias, cov dej tawm li huv si li sai tau, devoid ntawm protons thiab hydroxide ions. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj thwmsim. Dhau li ntawd, de-ionized dej muaj yus lub zog: nws hluav taws xob kuj yog heev loj, vim nws muaj tsis muaj ions muaj peev xwm ntawm Identify ib tug hluav taws xob xwb.

xaus

Peb detailed txoj kev txais distilled, lis-distilled thiab de-ionized dej, thiab paub tias qhov no yog qhov distillate. Txaus twb tau hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no, uas yog ua tau lub txiaj ntsim ntawm dej distillation. Yog li ntawd, peb thiaj tsuas hais tias, txawm hais tias dej purification, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis kuj mus dhau deb, ib yam nkaus thiab, yog tsis tsim nyog, raws li qhov no yuav ua teeb meem loj kev puas tsuaj rau koj noj qab haus huv.