Txhuas hydroxide

Tsos txhuas hydroxide nram qab no tshuaj. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog ib tug dawb yeeb tshuaj, gelatinous hom, txawm hais tias muaj cov variations nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug crystalline los yog amorphous lub xeev. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv qhuav daim ntawv no, nws crystallizes nyob rau hauv dawb muaju uas yog insoluble nyob rau hauv acids suab tsis alkalis.

Aluminium hydroxide yuav muab thiab zoo crystalline hmoov ntawm dawb xim. Permissible xub ntiag ntawm liab thiab ntxoov gray.

Cov tshuaj mis ntawm lub compound - Al (OH) 3. Cov compound ntawm alumina thiab dej tsim ib tug hydroxide ntawm txhuas, tshuaj zog uas yog tseem lom zem ntau txiav txim los ntawm lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no compound yog npaj los ntawm reacting ib tug txhuas ntsev nrog nta alkali thiab sis, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv lawv overabundance. Tau thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm txhuas hydroxide precipitate ces yuav reacted nrog ib tug acid.

Aluminium hydroxide yog reacted nrog ib tug aqueous tov ntawm rubidium hydroxide, ib tug hlau ntawm uas quav, cesium hydroxide, cesium carbonate. Nyob rau hauv txhua tus neeg mob, cov dej yog tso tawm.

Aluminium hydroxide muaj ib tug molecular yuag sib npaug zos rau 78,00, suab insoluble nyob rau hauv cov dej. tshuaj yeeb dej caw ceev yog 3,97 g / cm3. Yog amphoteric, txhuas hydroxide yog reacted nrog ib tug acid, nyob rau, nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab los ntawm zoo xws li cov tshua thiab ntsev dej tso. Thaum nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog alkalis tshwm complex ntsev - gidroksoalyuminaty, e.g., K [Al (OH) 4 (H2O) 2]. Metaaluminate tsim thaum txhuas hydroxide fused nrog anhydrous alkalies.

Zoo li tag nrho cov amphoteric tshuaj, acidic thiab yooj yim zog ntawm ob txhuas hydroxide qhia tau hais tias los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog muaj zog acids thiab alkalis. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshua thaum yaj nyob rau hauv acids hydroxide cleaves lub ions ntawm cov hydroxide, thiab cov kev sis raug zoo nrog cov alkali - cleaved hydrogen ion. Mus saib qhov no, nws yog ua tau, piv txwv li, rau kev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yuav txhuas hydroxide, sodium hydroxide. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua kev cai ib tug sau raj ntsis txhuas sawdust thiab ncuav ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm sodium hydroxide yog tsis ntau tshaj 3 milliliters. Lub raj yuav tsum raug kaw nruj nreem stoppered, thiab pib ib tug qeeb cua kub. Tom qab ntawd, lub kos kho raj, nws yog tsim nyog los sau hydrogen nplooj siab mus rau lwm lub raj, muab nws rau ib tug pre-capillary ntaus ntawv. Tom qab hais txog ib feeb lub minyuam lam fwj tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub capillary thiab coj cov nplaim taws. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv vitro tuaj txoos ua ke ntshiab hydrogen - burning yuav muab qhov chaw ntsiag to, nyob rau hauv tib cov ntaub ntawv, yog hais tias nws yog huab cua - yuav npuaj.

Aluminium hydroxide npaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev:

- los ntawm reacting txhuas ntsev thiab alkaline daws teeb meem;

- decomposition txoj kev txhuas nitride nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov dej;

- carbon los ntawm xeem dhau los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb hydro muaj Al (OH) 4;

- cov teebmeem ntawm ammonia nyob alumina hydrate ntsev.

Cov muaj ntau lawm yog vim lub processing ntawm bauxite. Siv raws li tej yam technology aluminate dlaws carbonates.

Aluminium hydroxide yog thov nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua chiv, cryolite, ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev kho mob thiab cov kws tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv tshuaj raug cov ntaub ntawv uas siv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm txhuas fluoride thiab sulfur. Indispensable compound nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua daim ntawv, yas, xim tsev thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Cov kev kho mob siv vim lub yam ntxwv zoo ntawm kev npaj muaj cov active caij nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm pais plab mob, hyperacidity lub cev peptic kab mob.

Thaum tuav lub tshuaj, yuav tsum ua zoo dev tom ntawm nqus tau pa ntawm vapors, raws li lawv ua rau mob loj heev ntsws puas tsuaj. Yog slabodeystvuyuschim laxative, nws yog txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv loj koob tshuaj. Thaum aluminosis ua corrosion.

Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw nws tus kheej yog kev ruaj ntseg txaus, vim hais tias nws tsis hnov mob nrog oxidants.