Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow 1941

Lub ob ntiaj teb rog paub ntau tseem ceeb yeej thiab fateful txheej xwm. Tab sis lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow tuas ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv keeb kwm. Nws yog ntawm no, nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm dawb pob zeb, lub German pab tub rog raug kev txom nyem nws cov thawj loj swb. Ze Moscow nws twb suab faus lub hom phiaj "Blitzkrieg" ntawm Hitler, thiab cov tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm lub invincibility ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub Peb Reich tau debunked mus ib txhis.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow twb muaj li ntawm ib tug complex set ntawm battles thiab ua hauj lwm, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub loj heev liaj ia tebchaws thiab lub txuas ntxiv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1941 thiab caij ntuj no 1942.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej xwm, nyob rau ob qho tib si rau pem hauv ntej sab twb tau mus kawm los ntawm ntau tshaj li ob lab cov neeg, ob txhiab tso tsheb hlau luam, yuav luag ob txhiab dav hlau thiab ntau tshaj nees nkaum-tsib txhiab txawv nqe ntaus rog phom.

Los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm tus sib ntaus sib tua txheej xwm ntawm Moscow yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob ua sawv: defensive thiab offensive.

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow 1941: defensive theem

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm '41, Soviet troops raug yuam kom khiav tawm Kiev, Smolensk, thim rov qab rau Leningrad. Kharkiv, Donetsk cheeb tsam, Crimea yog nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm capture. German pab tub rog thaum nqa loj loj losses ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog cov khoom, tab sis, cuaj kaum, tseem muaj lub offensive teg num thiab frantically rushed mus rau sab hnub tuaj.

Nyob rau hauv Hitler lub tsev hauv paus tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb lub lag luam "Typhoon" mus txeeb lub peev ntawm tus USSR. Raws li lub lag luam no, lub nroog yog kev kawm mus rau feem raug kaw nyob rau hauv tsis blockade hais tias tsis muaj neeg nyob tau tsis tau tawm nws. Qhov no yog ua raws li los ntawm lub teb puas tsuaj thiab dej nyab los ntawm Moscow. Txoj sia muaj tsis yog yuav tsum. Ruins tsum sau nrog xuab zeb, thiab muab tso rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm ib tug monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus invincible German pab tub rog. Ho, pob zeb rau tus monument tau coj tuaj rau Moscow nrog tub rog cov khoom.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Moscow thaum lub sij hawm peb Soviet fronts: lub Western, Bryansk thiab Reserve. Tawm tsam lawv sawv German Army Group "Center" ntawm ntau tshaj ib vam tub rog. Nws yog ntau tshaj li ib nrab phom, tso tsheb hlau luam thiab aircraft ntawm tag nrho cov, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm muaj Hitler tus tub rog.

Lub Soviet pab tub rog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog me npaum li cas cia ntawm riam phom, thiab qhov zoo tshaj zuj zus. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv theem ntawm lub Soviet troops nws twb mus yuav nyuaj heev.

Mozhaisk thiab Volokolamsk kev taw qhia yog tus shortest txoj kev mus rau Moscow. Nws yog muaj hais tias xub pib ib tug tshaj plaws phem battles rau lub le caag rau lub capital. Soviet cov tub rog muaj ib tug tiag tiag heroic kuj. Zoo tib rog yog compensated los ntawm tus kheej heroism. Tus nqi ntawm lawv lub neej, lawv tau sim kom tsis txhob nco tus yeeb ncuab rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub motherland.

ib lub xeev ntawm siege twb tshaj tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab nws cov suburbs. Neeg uas nyob npaj rau tus tiv thaiv rau lawv lub zos.

Cuaj kaum, nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj 41 Commander Zhukov npaj siab mus hloov tus tiv thaiv rau counter-nres. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Soviet troops yog defeat tus yeeb ncuab tawm tsam pab pawg thiab tshem tawm cov kev hem thawj ntawm nyob ze Moscow.

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow, lub caij ntuj no 1942: lub theem ntawm lub offensive

Nyob rau hlis ntuj nqeg 6, lub Red Army tau hais txog cov thawj loj counter-nres sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ntawm Moscow. offensive tsam unfolded 1,000 kilometers - los ntawm Yelets rau Kalinin. By Hlis ntuj nqeg 9 smogs peb rog thawb tus nrog sib ntaus yuav luag 40 kis lus mev. Lub Germans, tab sis yog, thiab muaj zoo heev riam phom, tab sis twb tsis npaj rau kev sib ntaus los nyob rau hauv lub hnyav Lavxias teb sab lub caij ntuj no thiab unbeatable tus kheej heroism ntawm lub Soviet cov tub rog. Nws muaj feem xyuam rau kuj tus tsis muaj tseg rog ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Hitler yog yuam kom kos npe rau ib tug thiaj li tsiv mus nyob nws pab tub rog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv hom, nqis rov qab los ntawm txoj haujlwm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm feem ntau ntawm nws generals thiab switching siab hais kom ua kiag li lawm. Tab sis qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, nws yog tsis mus ua txhaum.

Rau cov tshiab 1942 German pab tub rog raug thawb rov qab los ntawm Moscow twb ob puas kilometers, Kalinin thiab Kaluga tau freed los ntawm Nazis. Tam sim ntawd kev hem thawj rau lub capture ntawm Moscow yog tsis muaj ntau.

Tus nqi ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow

Qhov kev tshwm sim undoubtedly cuam tshuam hauv chav kawm ntawm lub ob ntiaj teb rog, raws li cov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow coj cov thawj ntawm ib tug impressive yeej rau Soviet pab tub rog. Tus capture ntawm lub capital yuav tau tuag tes tuag taw hauv lub teb chaws thiab tau nyob rau hauv ib tug landslide yeej ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees. Thiab ntawm no nws ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm tsis tau tsuas yog puas siab puas ntsws tivthaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub Moscow cheeb tsam, ib tug ntau ntawm muaj thiab tiv thaiv ceg tau feeb meej uas ua hauj lwm thoob plaws hauv kev tsov rog. Nws ua 70% ntawm cov aircraft rau cov tub rog, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg zoo li.

Thaum cov yeeb ncuab twb Repulsed los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv lub capital, lub morale ntawm lub Soviet cov tub rog mus txog ho. Qhov no tej yam txaus siab thiab unconditional kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv yeej pab tom qab nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kursk thiab Stalingrad.

Los ntawm ib tug xaiv yaam taw tes ntawm view ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow pab rau defeat qhov zoo tshaj plaws grouping ntawm German pab tub rog - infantry thiab tank.

Soviet troops tau ho reformed tom qab no sib ntaus sib tua. Cais raug rho tawm qhov chaw twb proven hauv sib ntaus sib tua, raug merged mus rau hauv ib tug tshiab kev faib nrog rau cov ntseeg thiab tej commanders.

Qhov ntawd Moscow tau ua tus Rubicon los ntawm kev uas ua tsis tau tejyam kom dhau lub German pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II.