Sab qab teb Georgia thiab lub South Sandwich Islands. Atlantic dej hiav txwv

Thaum lub southernmost point ntawm lub Atlantic dej hiav txwv lub stunning qhov chaw ntawm volcanic keeb kwm teb chaws: South Georgia thiab lub Sandwich Archipelago. Yuav ua li cas peb paub txog lawv? Yuav ua li cas cov npe no tau ploj mus, lub discoverer leej twg thiab dab tsi lawv yog zoo kawg li? Cia wb mus ze zog saib no daim ntawm cov Atlantic.

Sab qab teb Georgia: kev piav qhia thiab kev nyab xeeb

Sab qab teb Georgia, thiab George - cov kob zoo li lub vaj kaj siab rau penguins thiab cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, raws li zoo raws li lub archipelago ntawm lub tib lub npe, uas yog muaj li ntawm 9 Islands tuaj thiab pob zeb 4. Nws yog ntawm no lub biggest zos ntawm cov tsiaj. Cov kob yog ntau tshaj li 3500 km ^2, thiab feem ntau ntawm nws yog them los ntawm tundra mosses thiab Lichens. Hnyav climatic tej yam kev mob tsis pub boasts zoo nkauj tej hauj lwm.

Ntawm no yog ib qho Oceanic meadows them nrog fine nyom, thiab tundra, tsis muaj ntoo thiab lov tas vau. Ib feem ntawm cov kob nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 300 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, them nrog glaciers thiab nyob mus ib txhis dej khov. Nws tus kheej no av yog tsis heev tus phooj ywg rau tib neeg. Pob zeb, hws khov cua thiab lub qhov pos huab nrog huab cua daus los yog zoo drizzle tsis muaj leej twg enticing thiab yeej tsis muaj nyob hauv no kob. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib lub tsev tsuas yog hais txog 30 cov neeg. Cov dej hiav txwv tsis khov lawm, tsuas yog tus kaw bay rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev hlub ntawm cov dej khov.

South Sandwich Islands: hauj lwm

Yuav ua li cas yog no geographic feature? Yog hais tias koj tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lub Atlantic dej hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv qhia, qhov no archipelago yog nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm nws, ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 570 km ntawm Georgia. Los ntawm cheeb tsam, nws yog ib lub me me archipelago nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv (ib tug tag nrho ntawm 310 km ^2), muaj raws ntawm 13 me me thaj av ntawm thaj av. Tawg khiav ri niab arc ntawm volcanic Islands tuaj uninhabited pob zeb. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog tsis muaj neeg nyob. Qhov no ces kaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm fauna yoog mus rau hnyav subarctic ib puag ncig. Raws li rau cov neeg, cov Sandwich Islands yog paj feem ntau tsuas yog rau cov biologists. Qhov tseeb hais tias nyob ntawm no phem qhov loj tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm albatross nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mob rocky shores xaiv cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, huab tais penguins thiab lwm yam neeg uas nyob hauv subarctic kev nyab xeeb.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws kob ntawm lub archipelago - Montagu - hu rau nws cov active volcanoes. Xeem uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 2008. By assumption, lub Sandwich Islands yog ib tug extension ntawm lub Andes, nyob rau hauv South America. Cov pawg neeg thaj av yog mus xyuas nkaus xwb los ntawm lub Arctic ntoj ke mus kawm. Nyob rau hauv view ntawm qhov sib thooj ntawm txias currents subantarctic archipelago ntawm icebound los ntawm Tej zaum mus txog rau thaum ntxov Kaum Ob Hlis.

Keeb kwm ntawm foundations

Raws li cov kev xav, cov kob ntawm South Georgia twb qhib nyob rau hauv 1675 los ntawm ib tug neeg ua lag luam muaj npe Entoni De la Roche. Nws sailed los ntawm Chile rau Brazil thiab txoj kev yog nyob rau hauv ib tug cua daj cua dub, uas tsav tsheb nws mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Cov pab neeg twb tau mus noj qhov chaw nkaum nyob rau hauv lub bay ntawm ib tug tsis paub kob, ua li cov tho kev. ib cheeb tsam ntawm thaj av tau muaj npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Roche. Tsuas yog 100 xyoo tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1775, thaum lub sij hawm nws ob voyage rau qhov no daim av tuaj tus naas ej Dzheyms Kuk. Nws yog nws leej twg piav cov kob thiab ntaus nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Ntxiv mus, nram qab no lub British cai, explorer tshaj tawm hais tias nws nyob rau hauv lub UK thiab muab nws lub npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm King George.

Ces Dzheyms Kuk tshawb thiab lub Sandwich Islands tuaj, qhib ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov me me Islands tuaj thiab muaj npe lawv lub ntiaj teb Sandwich, tab sis ib tug xav paub ntxiv ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv 1819. Ces tus ntoj ke mus kawm Lazarev - Bellingshausen qhib 6 ntau chaw me me ntawm av. Txij li thaum lub Atlantic dej hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv qhia ntxiv lwm archipelago. Hloov nws cov txheej xwm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Teb chaws Aas Kiv tau muaj Sandwich Islands txij thaum 1908.

tom qab qhib

Yog li ntawd, tus tshiab pawg neeg thaj av nyob rau hauv lub khoom vaj khoom tsev, thiab yuav ua li cas nrog lawv - yog tsis paub. Vim qhov hnyav kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshiab tshwm sim lub neej nyob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj yog suab tsis yooj yim sua. Daws Antarctic dictates cov huab cua tej yam kev mob: qhov kub thiab txias muaj tsis sawv saum toj no 5 degrees nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv tsis poob rau hauv qab no 2 degrees Celsius. Thiab tag nrho cov yuav ua li cas, tab sis pheej txias cua thiab pos huab huab cua yog muaj tsawg dua degrees rau -10. Kev khiav mus rau lub Islands tuaj ntawm tsis pom qhov twg, kom cov neeg caij nkoj mus nyob ntawm no rau kev yos hav zoov cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab hiav txwv tom tsov ntxhuav.

Tab sis ntau npaum tau hloov thaum nws pib whaling. Whaling fleet nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm prey swam mus rau lub heev sab qab teb ntawm lub Atlantic, thiab txij li thaum 1904 nyob rau hauv cov kob ntawm South Georgia settlements pib tshwm. Founder ntawm tus thawj hais sib haum Grytviken yog Norwegian nrog British pej xeem Carl Larsen.

pib whaling

Txij li thaum 1904, thaum lub George kob nyob xya nuv ntses factories. Dua li ntawm qhov hnyav kev nyab xeeb, cov whalers tau flourished, thiab tag nrho cov no lub sij hawm muaj txog 1,000 tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv Grytviken yog nyob kav lub cev ntawm lub Argentine nuv ntses lub tuam txhab. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv twb muab tso rau hauv ib tug sheltered bay nyob rau qaum teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm cov kob.

Peb ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no lub tuam txhab mas Norwegians. Tso kev xauj whalers muab cov lus Askiv tswv xeev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias hais tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1909, nyob ze ntawm lub whaling paus ntawm Grytviken tswj chaw - King Edward Point, archipelagos kav lub xeev ntawm lub Falkland Islands.

Ua tsov ua rog rau lub teb chaws

Argentina yeej tsis pom tau hais tias txoj cai nyias muaj nyias lub UK los ntawm South Georgia South Sandwich Islands. Lawv pab leg ntaubntawv uas nws tau qhia, txij li thaum 1938. Tej lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-50s, Argentina yog tus puag xyoo Tenniente-ESQUIVEL nyob rau hauv lub Gulf ntawm Ferguson Bay rau cov kob ntawm Thule, nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub Sandwich Islands. Thiab pib nyob rau hauv 1976, thiab los ntawm 1982 muaj twb nyob ib naval puag "Corbett Uruguay." Lub British twb paub zoo ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm Argentina rau nws txawv teb chaws chaw uas zoo heev, tab sis cov tub rog txoj kev mus rau tshem tawm nws tsis tau noj.

Nws tshwm sim Lub peb hlis ntuj 19, 1982. Ces cov pab pawg neeg ntawm Argentines txuj txia zoo li seem cov tswv lag luam, coj qhov uas whaling puag nyob rau hauv lub Gulf ntawm Leith Chaw nres nkoj nyob hauv South Georgia. A 3 Plaub Hlis Ntuj los nyob rau saum thiab nyob Grytviken.

British Marines regained Island Plaub Hlis Ntuj 25, 1982. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm cov tub rog ua hauj lwm 13,000 British pab tub rog thiab 20,000 Argentines twb muab kev koom tes. Lub yeej nyob rau hauv tsov rog coj mus rau ib tug kev hloov ntawm tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv Argentina thiab cov UK pab mus rau lub yeej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm patriotism. Ib tug txawj sau ntawv hais txog kev tsov rog: "Lub sib cav sib ceg ntawm ob do hau vim ib zuag." Thiab nws yog tiag tiag ib tug senseless tsov ua rog, nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg raug tua. Kom txog rau thaum xyoo 2001, muaj ib tug me me rau cov tub rog garrison raws li nyob rau hauv King Edward Point. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub hauv paus tuaj nyob rau pov tseg ntawm lub British Antarctic Survey.

islands hnub no

Rau hnub tim, cov volcanic Islands tuaj ntawm kev txaus siab rau ib tug ntau dua degree ntawm scientific expeditions. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov meteorological kev tshawb fawb thiab cov tswvyim no yog ua los ntawm cov cim zos ntawm cov noog. Nyob rau hauv cov kob ntawm South Georgia yog pom xwb warbler nyob rau hauv Antarctica - ib tug loj nees. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam albatrosses nyob ntawm no, petrels, cormorants, gulls thiab terns, koj yuav qhuas cov beauties, penguins thiab loj loj rookeries ntawm walruses thiab cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj.

Vim hais tias ntawm cov volcanic kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub Sandwich Islands tuaj, uas yog cai txij thaum lawv discovery, lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lawv cov chaw uas zoo heev yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Tiam sis ntawm no tsis tseg muab tso rau Antarctic ntoj ke mus kawm. Rau ib txhia lub sij hawm hais tau npaj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm neeg mus ncig tebchaws ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj, tab sis nws yog heev kim mus txawv tebchaws.

sights

Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv cov kob ntawm South Georgia, Grytviken nyob rau hauv lub zos, ib tug tsev cia puav pheej, qhov chaw uas koj yuav tau ntsib nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm lub archipelago. Tej lub sij hawm dhau los, peb pib yaj lawv tawg lawm whaling hauv paus ntawm lub zos attractions. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov kob yog faus nto moo ncov qaumteb qabteb explorer Ernest Shekelton thiab nws pab Frenk Uald. Tsis tau lub ntsiab attraction ntawm cov nyob deb archipelagos yog zos ntawm penguins thiab marine tsiaj. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub Sandwich Islands tuaj, koj yuav tau saib qhov zoo heev giants - whale. Ntawm no lawv yog - lub feem ntau huab ntawm lub Atlantic Islands tuaj.