Raws li cov acetylene twb npaj los ntawm methane

Acetylene yog ib yam khoom uas teej tug mus rau cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm alkynes. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub hydrocarbon uas muaj nyob rau hauv txhua molecule triple daim ntawv cog lus. Nyob rau hauv no tshuaj mis acetylene raws li nram no: C ₂ H _2. Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, qhov no tshuaj yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj, uas yog npaum li cas sib zog dua cov pa. Acetylene tau los ntawm methane. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog reactive thiab heev.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau acetylene

Ntawm methane nyob rau hauv lub tsev kom tau cov acetylene yog heev yooj yim. Qhov yooj yim txoj kev rau kev rho tawm ntawm cov roj - qhov no dej reacts nrog cov calcium carbide. Muaj ntau ntawm koj tej zaum yuav nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas muab pov rau hauv puddles daim ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw thiab dab tsi cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim. Nws twb sau tseg rau hauv lub ceev ceev hiss. Raws li rau calcium carbide, ces nws maj mam melted, txoj kev ua ib tug zoo npaum li cas ntawm npaus. Ib tug zoo xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muab sau raws li:

CAC ₂ + 2H ₂ O = C ₂ H ₂ + Ca (OH) _2.

Muaj ntau cov kev calcium carbide yog siv, uas muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm impurities. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas nrog dej tawm phem tsw. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsim, ua ke nrog ib tug me npaum li cas ntawm acetylene pa roj lom vapors. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog ib tug phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, thiab hais txog. Qhov no yog cov feem ntau, raws li kom tau acetylene los ntawm methane yog tau nrog tshwj xeeb khoom.

Kev npaj lag luam

Yuav ua li cas kom tau txais cov acetylene los ntawm methane nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj chaw? Tam sim no tsuas yog siv ib txoj kev - ntes. Thaum lub sij hawm npaj ntawm acetylene yog nqa decoupling C-C. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm catalysts thiab nyob ib tug txaus siab kub raug. Rau siv methane - natural gas. Qhov no yog ib qho pheej yig thiab npaj meej muaj nyob raw cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog vim li no hais tias tus cracking yog lub feem ntau tsim nyog txoj kev ob leeg kev lag kev luam thiab technically.

Yuav ua li cas yog tawg

Mus nqa tawm lub hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm "methane - acetylene" nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, tej yam ntuj tso pa roj yog dhau los ntawm lub pre-kub electrode. Qhov kub yuav ncav cuag mus txog 1600 ° C. Tom qab cov cua kub, ceev ceev txias tshwm sim. Qhov thib ob hom yog raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm tshav kub uas yog generated los ntawm ib nrab combustion ntawm acetylene.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab zauv "methane - acetylene" yog sau raws li nram no:

1. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kuv: 2CH ₄ = C ₂ H ₂ + 3H _2.

1. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv II: 6SN ₄ + 4O ₂ = C ₂ H ₂ + 8H + 3SO ₂ + CO ₂ + 3H ₂ O.

Kws txawj tsis pom zoo kom siv rau cov cia ntawm acetylene thooj voos kheej kheej nruab nrog li qub ntawm bronze. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov hlau uas muaj tooj liab. Txij li thaum acetylene sib active, nws yuav hnov mob nrog cov hlau. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm daim ntawv no heev ntsev.

Kev siv cov acetylene

Acetylene - ib yam khoom uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam muaj sectors. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov no gas yog siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm ethyl cawv raws li lub ntsiab raw khoom. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub acetylene yog siv rau tej hom ntawm roj hmab, yas thiab acetic acid.

Active roj yog dav siv, thiab thaum lub sij hawm welding, thiab thaum txiav txawv hlau. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj zog nplaim taws yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub oxidation los ntawm cov pa acetylene. Gas chaw yog sufficiently ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm siv yooj yim hom. Raws li acetylene khoom explosives, uas yog ntxiv siv raws li detonators.