Qhov tsua txoj: keeb kwm, kev piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb

Txawm nyob rau hauv nyob deb ntawm tus tib neeg lub keeb kwm thaum nws los txog rau hauv lub qhov tsua lub zos, nws awakens txaus siab, vim hais tias thaum sawv cev ib yam dab tsi txawv txawv thiab mysterious. Cov ancient qauv, lus ceeb toom ntawm uas nyob txog ib txhiab xyoo dhau los, shrouded nyob rau hauv legends thiab mysteries.

misnomer

Nws twb ntseeg tau tias peb cov pog koob yawg koob nyob hauv tej qhov tsua uas tau txais kev pab thiab tsev nyob, thiab tej ntsuj plig uas qhov chaw ntawm kev teev ntuj. Txawm li cas los, zaum tsis pom zoo nrog rau qhov no lub tswv yim, vim hais tias cov tsev twb nyob rau hauv av es hauv qab no nws. Yuav kom qhov no hnub twg, cov lug tsis tau dim, thiab tag nrho cov uas yog sab laug - yog ib lub qhov tsua, uas tau npaj rau kev cai dab qhuas rituals thiab txhua hnub xav tau kev pab.

Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua, archaeologists tau pom ancient monuments, uas yog vim erroneous xav tau hu ua "lub qhov tsua zos". Monasteries, fortresses thiab me me kev koom ua los ntawm cov qhov tseem ceeb, uas tso cai rau yuav tau xav txog lub sij hawm nyob ntawm, vim cov neeg tsis nyob nyob rau hauv lub hauv av. Txawm li cas los, qhov no txhais yog zoo tsim rau lub deserted tsev tsa rau lub ntseg cliffs.

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej complex nyob rau hauv Crimea

Peb yeej paub hais ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis qhov tsua nyob rau hauv Jordan, Qaib ntxhw, Iran, Tuam Tshoj, Spain, Fabkis, Ltalis thiab lwm lub teb chaws. Unusually natural-nrhiav kev kawm ntawv attracted tus mloog ntawm tourists los ntawm ntau cov ces kaum ntawm peb ntiaj chaw nws paub tsis meej, vim hais tias nws tsis paub leej twg yog tus anonymous masters, carved nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb masterpieces.

Txawm li cas los, thiab nyob rau hauv Crimea, nyob qhov twg rau centuries muaj ntau civilizations, ciaj hauv lub qhov tsua lub nroog, nws yog ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tsev cia puav pheej complex nyob rau hauv lub qhib ntuj. Qhov chaw yog cim lug Bakhchisaray, thiab tourists uas npau suav kov cov paub tsis meej, pib nrog lub zos no. Lub keeb kwm ntawm cov kev hloov raws li txoj cai ntawm mysterious vaj tse ntawm yav dhau los eras thiab haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg cov neeg uas nyob, thiab sib txuas ntxiv ntawm lawv cov cim txuj ci ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau tus nqi ntawm loj dag zog los tsim ib tug stunning pob zeb ua hauj lwm. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub keeb kwm monuments txawm ua regional chaw zov me nyuam, uas tau nyob ze ib qho tseem ceeb luam tseem khiav.

ancient monuments

Qhov tsua txoj kev Crimea, carved mus rau hauv lub pob zeb, tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub txheej thaum ub cov neeg, thiab muaj ntau yam kev soj ntsuam ntseeg tau hais tias lub ancient monuments nyob thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm lub Byzantine Empire. Txawm tias lwm zaum uas tsis pom zoo nrog rau qhov no version hais tias lub keeb kwm ntawm lub koom tsis tau raug txo kom ib co zoo ntawm tus qauv, thiab lawv originated nyob rau hauv txawv eras. Lub inhabitants ntawm cov zos tsis tau hu ua warriors, raws li lawv lub ntsiab txoj hauj lwm yog ua liaj ua teb thiab cov lag luam tawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm ceev lawv yuav noj, thiab tej caj npab. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov poob nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua lub nroog, uas los ntawm nws cov inhabitants, tuaj tom qab lub Mongol ntxeem tau nyob rau hauv lub XIII xyoo pua.

Mangup Kale

Nyob rau ib lub toj siab Babadag yog ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nrog zoo kawg zog twb tswm los ntawm tib neeg kom txog thaum lub XV xyoo pua, thaum nws yuav los ntawm lub Turks. Zaum tsis pom zoo txog lub sij hawm ntawm tshwm sim ntawm lub zos attractions. Qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub Crimea hauv lub qhov tsua lub nroog Mangup-Kale, ib zaug hu ua Doros, yog lub ancient capital ntawm ib tug haib nqi zog Theodoro. Tus thawj mention ntawm qhov txawv kev sib hais haum hnub rov qab mus rau qhov kuv pua BC.

Nyob tsis deb ntawm Bakhchisarai impregnable fortress carved mus rau hauv lub pob zeb, nws yog ua tau ib tug tiag tiag nroog uas muaj ntau lawm, lub tsev rau txim, ib tug mint, ib tug princely chaw nyob, Christian churches thiab lwm yam vaj tse. Tam sim no tourists pom xwb lub ruins ntawm ib tug lossis loj ancient kev sib hais haum, qhov twg txog 150 txhiab tus neeg. Tsaus qhov tsua, qhov twg cua whistles, co qhua ntawm lub Crimea, tau hnov txog lub amazing hwj chim ntawm qhov chaw no. Ntawm no muaj neon glowing khoom hovered tshaj lub zos thiab yaj nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thiab ib tug Tibetan las mas uas tau mus xyuas Bakhchisaray, hais tias nws pom tau tias ib tug haib quab yuam ntawm ib tug ancient monument.

Eski-Kermen

Mus nyob qhovtwg li kwv yees li nyob rau hauv lub XIV caug xyoo, lub qhov tsua lub zos Eski-Kermen yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau tsim. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub roob hollowed txog 400 qhov tsua, uas tau siv raws li nyob quarters thiab warehouses rau tsev neeg xav tau kev pab. Tom qab ntawd lub fortress inhabitants ua saum toj no-av lug, thiab ib puag ncig lawv nrog defensive phab ntsa. Hauv plawv ntawm lub nroog yog lub ntsiab lub tuam tsev, lub ruins ntawm uas tseem pom niaj hnub no. Sib nrug los ntawm nws, muaj nyob thiab lwm yam kev cai dab qhuas cov vaj tse, thiab tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau lub tuam tsev ntawm lub Peb caij nrog fwm murals.

Cia li ob peb kilometres ntawm lub zos ntawm Red Poppy complex, uas nws lub npe txhais li "laus fortress", enthralls tag nrho cov neeg tuaj xyuas koj. Ntawm no muaj cov ruins ntawm av lug, lub casemates, lub necropolis, granaries, ib tug zoo qhov tob ntawm 30 meters. Tourists nrog kev khuv xim zoo rau txiav nyob rau hauv lub roob qhov chaw, cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm.

Peb yuav hais tias dag nyob rau hauv lub ruins ntawm Eski-Kermen - ib tug tiag tiag qhov tsua lub nceeg vaj, muab qhua nrog ntau yam ntawm underground lug, uas yuav tsis tau raws li nyob rau hauv ib hnub. Feem ntau raws fortress phab ntsa tau ua defensive yees, thiab ntawm no qhov nws tus kheej pab mus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg thiab tsim ib tug mob rocky headlands uas dai tshaj rau hauv toj siab.

Zaum xav hais tias ib tug medieval lub qhov tsua hais sib haum yog ua los ntawm cov Byzantines, tab sis lub sij hawm thiab ua rau nws tuag, tsis muaj leej twg paub. Tej zaum nws twb puas lawm los ntawm lub Mongol warriors.

Calais

Lub ntsiab defensive chaw ntawm lub Byzantine Empire pom tau hais tias lub qhov tsua lub nroog ntawm Calais, lub caij nyoog hnub ntawm keeb kwm yog tsis paub hais tias. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub Tatars yuav nws nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm lub XIII xyoo pua, tab sis tom qab ob centuries lub fortress yog thawj capital ntawm cov Crimean Khanate. Muaj twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv twj ywm nplua nuj neeg, cov uas hais rau tus nqe txhiv. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias cov neeg raug kaw twb Polish thiab Lavxias teb sab envoys Hetman, uas tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov Cossacks - qub yeeb ncuab ntawm lub Crimean Tatars, tab sis txawm qhov teeb meem tsis pab nws. Khan Haji Giray tsis faib leej twg rau cov phoojywg thiab cov yeeb ncuab, thiab demanded ib nqe txhiv rau txhua leej txhua tus. Tab sis Lavxias teb sab xeev Sheremet, uas nug ntau li ntau ntawm Kazan thiab Astrakhan, nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub fortress rau yuav luag 20 xyoo.

Thaum lub Tatars sab laug lub nroog, nws hais Karaites twb koom nyob rau hauv hnav khaub ncaws ntawm tawv. Thaum lub sij hawm hnub lawv trading nyob rau hauv Bakhchisaray, thiab los ntawm yav tsaus ntuj mus rau yav sawv ntxov guarded Calais. Tshiab cov neeg tau sau ntawv lwm phab ntsa, uas ua nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov tsua lub nroog nce nyob rau hauv loj. Tam sim no, nws twb muab faib ua ob qhov chaw, thiab txhua yuav tuav lub fort ib leeg. Nws yog thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, thiab tau txais nws lub npe, uas translates li "double-zog", ib cov keeb kwm monument. Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Anna Ivanovna Lavxias teb sab tub rog ntes Bakhchisaray, rhuav tshem cov qhov tsua complex.

Kuj ceeb tias, nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm Calais thawj printing tsev ua tau nyob rau hauv lub Crimea, uas pib nws cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1731. Hauv lub nroog txheej txheem celebratory kev pab cuam, uas theem ua ke lub ncaj ncees, ntawm no txiav txim rau cov neeg uas tsuj tus cuj pwm qauv ntawm cov zej zog.

Tepe-Kermen

Thaum nws los txog hauv lub qhov tsua lub zos, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis hais ib qho ntawm feem mysterious monuments ntawm peb keeb kwm. Ancient fortress li ib tug suab puam kob, tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub VI caug xyoo. Fortification, carved mus rau hauv lub pob zeb, tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim ua kom puas, raws li cov av siv. Qhov tsua lub nroog Tepe-Kerman, uas tau muab piv nrog rau cov giant thaj, towering tshaj lub hav, pom los ntawm afar. Nws loj yog txiav txim los ntawm zaum seem ceg, zoo li las rau hnub no.

Qhov no yog hu ua ib tug tuag lub nroog, uas yog tus qub lub npe keeb kwm tsis tau fwm. Los ntawm cov XI rau XIII xyoo pua flourished kev sib hais haum, uas los ua ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm lub Kacha hav dej, tab sis twb nyob rau hauv lub XIV xyoo pua vim tas mus li tawm tsam los ntawm Tatars neej extinguished, thiab tus tsuas inhabitants twb monks uas tau sab laug lub tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb decades.

Archaeologists muaj sab ntau tshaj 250 dag tej qhov tsua, differing nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab lub hom phiaj. Lawv ob funerary ceg thiab khoom khw muag khoom noj. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj ntau cov chaw muaj tiav rau tiers, thiab lub Upper plag tsev muaj yuav tsuas yuav ib lub roob toj siab, thiab khaws cia nyuj nyob rau hauv lub qis.

Mysteries ntawm Ancient siv

Muaj ntau qhov tsua kaw qhov rooj ua los ntawm cov ntoo thiab muab faib los ntawm partitions rau hauv ob peb chav. Zaum muaj sab ib qho txawv kev cai dab qhuas qauv, elongated los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb, thiab tsis raws axis, raws li yog ib txoj kev cai ntawm cov ntseeg. Tab sis qhov tseem mas yog hais tias cov tsis paub architects qhib ib lub qhov rais nrog ib tug pub leejtwg: nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm Easter teeb ntog, yog li ntawd lub phab ntsa tshwm tus qauv npaj ntawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig.

Surprises thiab Menhir, li lub sundial, uas, raws li kev soj ntsuam, lus dag tag nrho lub dag lub zog thiab lub hwj chim ntawm lub puam tsuaj ancient nroog.

Multi-storey complex Vardzia

Tsis tsuas yog lub Crimea boasts cim attractions, mus ntsib ib tug uas excites lub tswv yim. Georgia yog Vardzia - tsua lub nroog ntawm poj huab tais Tamara, uas yog ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws Mecca. Nyob txog yim centuries dhau los, nws yog carved mus rau hauv lub roob monolith. Thiab nws yog ib tug multi-storey complex, uas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev, stairs thiab ntau. Rau puas chav kev cob cog rua ntawm daim card nqe vaj lug kub txuas mus rau lub qhov siab ntawm ib yim-tsev thiab sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv lub pob zeb 50 meters.

City, nruj li mus rau 20 txhiab tus neeg, thiab txawm tau txais kev pab ib tug ntawm sab ntsuj plig muaj nuj nqi, vim nws kuj yog lub monastery, qhov chaw uas architects tau carved tuam tsev ntawm lub Assumption of tus ntxhais nkauj xwb. Cov kev cai dab qhuas cov vaj tse fwm tawg tsam zoo murals tsim nyob rau hauv lub XII caug xyoo. Muaj yog ib tug dab neeg uas hais tias huab tais Tamara raug faus no.

Thaum Vardzia raug kev txom nyem los ntawm av qeeg, tsua lub nroog ceased mus yuav ib tug impregnable fortress, tab sis tom qab muaj qhov ntxeem tau ntawm lub Mongols tau poob mus rau hauv disrepair. Niaj hnub no ib tug keeb kwm monument twb tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug tsev cia puav pheej-cia.

Kov cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm lub ntiaj teb no

Khaws ntau secrets ntawm lub qhov tsua lub zos yuav muab piv rau nws cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb nrog medieval castles. Mus xyuas ancient qhov chaw thiab kov rau hauv lub ntiaj teb uas peb pog koob yawg koob yuav tsis leej twg tawm indifferent. Muaj ntau xav paub qhov secrets ntawm lub exciting chaw thiab dhia dej mus rau hauv lub yav dhau los cov muaj hnub nyoog, thiab cov neeg uas twb tau mus xyuas lub architectural ceg, lees hais tias lawv tau txais ib qho kev unforgettable.