Polytheism - nws yog ib tug kev muaj tiag los yog ib tug tej yam qub qab ntawm yav dhau los?

Ib tug ntawm cov hiob ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo rau kev muaj tiag yog kev cai dab qhuas nco qab. Nws yog ib txwm muaj raws li ceev xav tau kev pab ntawm tus tib neeg ntsuj plig. Tej kev xav tau, xws li cov ntawm sab ntsuj plig, kom siab.

Hom duab kos tau tshwm ntawm lub gods

Muaj ob peb hom ntawm tib neeg sawv cev ntawm lub gods:

• polytheism - ntseeg nyob rau hauv ntau gods;
• pantheism - ib tug txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug Vajtswv, qhia nrog cov xwm thiab lub ntiaj teb no raws li ib tug tag nrho;
• deism - ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug creator Vajtswv tshwm sim nyob sab nraum ntawm tib neeg keeb kwm;
• Monotheism (theism) - txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug Vajtswv raws li lub zoo tshaj plaws hwj chim ntawm tus kheej thiab cov kev coj tsis ncaj, muaj tus Creator, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau nws cov creation.

ntsiab txhais ntawm polytheism

Polytheism yog kev cai dab qhuas tej lus qhuab qhia raws li cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ntau gods. Lo lus yog ib yam uas Greek keeb kwm thiab cia translates li polytheism. Polytheists ntseeg tau hais tias muaj ntau ntau yam gods, txhua tus uas muaj nws tus kheej tus cwj pwm, lawv tsis tau zoo nyob thiab kev nyiam. Txhua vajtswv (vajtswv poj niam) nws muaj nws tus kheej kheej ntawm lub hwj. Gods yuav nkag mus rau hauv ib tug kev sib raug zoo nrog txhua lwm yam.

Tom qab ntawm polytheism

Tsis phenomenon nyob hauv zej zog tsis tshwm sim los ntawm nws tus kheej. Rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm polytheism kuj muaj lawv thaj chaw:

1. Ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm qhov thiab lub neej ntawm haiv neeg. Cov neeg yuav yuav kom paub tias cov ntau yam ntuj phenomena nrog ib tug neeg deities. Lawv ntseeg hais tias lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsis tswj ib zaug xwb Vajtswv.
2. Lub tswv yim ntawm re-divine reincarnation. Qhov no lub tswv yim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm thaum ntxov Hinduism. Thiab yog hais tias peb xav tias nws yeej muaj tseeb, ces tus deification ntawm txhua tus ntawm lub tom ntej incarnations ua rau lub hav zoov uas muaj ntau gods.
3. Cov qib siab ntawm tus social system. Noob neej xav hais tias yog hais tias tus hierarchy yog kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv lub zej zog, cov koom haum, tus qauv (tsev neeg, pawg neeg, lub teb chaws), ces nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsum muaj ntau gods, txhua tus uas muaj nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub saum ntuj los pantheon, thiab muaj tej yam dej num.

Polytheism nyob rau hauv lub myths xwb ntawm kev cai ancient

Yuav kom to taub li cas polytheism yog txaus xa mus rau lub myths xwb ntawm ancient Greece. Piv txwv li, Poseidon yog tus vajtswv ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab tag nrho cov dej caij, lub ntiaj teb vajtswv poj niam Gaia yog, thiab vaj tswv ua tsov ua rog thiab kev puas tsuaj - Ares. Lub taub hau ntawm lub Greek pantheon, tus los saum ntuj yog Zeus - lub feem ntau haib ntawm tag nrho cov. Ntawm UFW ntawm polytheism tej zaum yuav pe hawm sib txawv gods nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, lawv muaj peev xwm ua nco txog hnub tej kev xaiv vaj tswv. Nws yog noteworthy uas polytheism nyob rau hauv tsev pe hawm Vajtswv lawv pab pawg neeg gods, tsis txwv paub los ntawm Vajtswv txoj beings ntawm lwm haiv neeg.

Txiav txim seb dab tsi polytheism yog tau thiab nyob rau hauv lub myths xwb ntawm ancient Rome. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov ancient Loos, zoo li lub Greeks pe hawm lub gods nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm cov tib ntuj tshwm sim. Lawv differed xwb nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm cov gods, lawv cov tsos thiab nyiam. Nyob rau hauv Slavonic kev ntseeg thiab teev tiam sib txawv gods muaj, uas yog tus uas pom nrog lub hnub, lub hli, xob quaj.

Polytheism raws li ib tug starting taw tes rau nram qab no kev ntseeg cuav tej

Feem ntau cov zaum ntseeg tias polytheism - Nws yog tus hiob daim ntawv ntawm kev cai dab qhuas kev ntseeg ntawm cov neeg, uas yog raug ntawm lub Bronze thiab hlau muaj hnub nyoog thiab mus txog rau niaj hnub lub sij hawm. Qhov no hom ntawm kev ntseeg yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm antiquity, uas yog kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv lub ancient Greek thiab Roman polytheism. Cov ntseeg nyob rau hauv ntau gods muaj cov Slavic thiab Germanic pab pawg neeg.

Polytheism maj poob mus rau hauv disrepair, tab sis nws tej hauv paus ntsiab yuav pom nyob rau niaj hnub ntseeg cuav, xws li Buddhism, Shintoism, Hinduism, thiab lwm tus neeg. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no xyoo, nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe muaj yog ib tug loj hlob tus naj npawb ntawm UFW novoyazychestva, kuj raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ntau gods. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub ancient polytheism tuaj tshiab hom ntawm kev cai dab qhuas kev ntseeg, xws li pantheism, atheism thiab monotheism.

Yuav ua li cas yog monotheism?

Monotheism - yog ib tug kev cai dab qhuas tej lus qhuab qhia ntawm ib tug-ib tug Vajtswv los yog Vajtswv. Txhais los ntawm Greek lo lus "monotheism" lus txhais tau tias "monotheism". Los ntawm kev cai dab qhuas raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug Vajtswv, muaj xws li cov ntseeg Vajtswv, Islam, Judaism. Qhov tseem ancient ntseeg, raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm monotheism, uas tau mus txog peb hnub no yog Zoroastrianism.

Tab sis yog nws yog ntseeg hais tias monotheism yog tus thawj heev cai dab qhuas rau ntiaj teb tias nws thiaj li distorted thiab muab mus rau hauv polytheism, keeb kwm pov thawj thiab archaeological finds hais lwm yam. Lub earliest niaj hnub cai dab qhuas ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog Judaism, uas chiv muaj lub cim ntawm polytheism, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua VII BC, tsiv mus rau ib theem tshiab.

Monotheism thawj sawv raws li ib tug cult nyiam ntawm tej ib deity saum toj no rau lwm tus neeg. Thiab xwb ces muaj yog ib tug ib txwm coj ntau yam deities rau txawv incarnation ntawm Vajtswv, thiab tom qab hais tias muaj yog ib tug ntseeg uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug-ib tug Vajtswv.

Monotheism thiab polytheism: nyob mus ib txhis confrontation

Polytheism yog pom zoo rau monotheism - txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv ib tug Vajtswv. Nws tseem yog tus yeeb ncuab ntawm atheism, uas tsis muaj txoj kev hav zoov ntawm tej tus vaj tswv thiab deities. Kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, lub keeb kwm thiab lub kev sib raug zoo ntawm polytheism thiab monotheism yog qhov kev kawm ntawm tsis sib haum nrog anthropologists thiab historians cov religions. Cuaj kaum, feem ntau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab soj ntsuam tseem yog inclined xav tias thaum xub thawj muaj polytheism, uas ces escalated rau hauv monotheism. Phau Vajlugkub yog polytheism - ib tug kev ntxeev ntawm ib tug Vajtswv, thiab nws yog nrhiav tau nrog paganism.

Nws yuav tsis ncaj ncees lawm kom paub hais tias polytheism yog hnub no kiag li degenerated. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, niaj hnub polytheists tsis muaj ntau yam, thiab lawv cov kev ntseeg yog kawm tau tsis yog li ntawd kaj daim ntawv no, raws li nyob rau hauv antiquity, tab sis polytheism - qhov no yog qhov zoo ntawm kev ntseeg uas yuav tsis khiav thaum kawg nws thiab yuav nco ntsoov nrhiav lawv cov los ntawm UFW.