Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow: hu nkauj ua ke, sanctuary, tsev so

Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow yog nkag mus nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Russia, thawj zaug uas yog hais txog mus rau lub reign ntawm Basil kuv (tus tub Dmitriya Donskogo, leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 1382). Rau 36 xyoo, nws muaj tswvyim reign ntawm Muscovy kom ntxiv dag zog thiab nthuav, thiab Moscow nws tus kheej yeej tsis tau kov yeej los ntawm leej twg.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub monastery npe

Txhais los ntawm cov Greek "Candlemas" txhais tau tias ib tug lub rooj sib tham. Kuchkovo teb coj nws lub npe los ntawm lub npe ntawm SI Boyar pawg, raws roj ntsha vyatichi yog tsis raug mus rau Yuri Dolgoruky. Semi-mythical Boyar Stepan Rev twb tua, thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas nws muaj, Moscow ua tau. Nws nyob ntawm no, nyob rau Kuchkovo teb, thiab muaj ib tug lub rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv 1395 Muscovites Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv, xa ib tug Procession kev ntawm Vladimir-on-Klyazma. Txoj kev uas mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub capital, thiab nyob rau hauv uas cov kev tshwm sim tshwm sim, pib hu Sretenka, thiab cov monastery twb tsa no nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov legendary kev tshwm sim, Sretensky. Legendary vim hais tias ib hnub tom ntej rau cov tsis muaj khees vim li cas Timur Tamerlane, puas ua ntej nws Elec, muab nws pab tub rog los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv lub nti capital. Basil kuv immortalized cov kev tshwm sim, ua nyob rau hauv 1397 nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub Procession kev Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow.

priceless tej yam qub qab

Nyob rau account ntawm lub Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv muaj ob legends rhuav tshem ntawm cov invaders. Ib tug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1451, thaum lub Horde tub huabtais Mazovia, lub great-tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm Khan Tokhtamysh, hlawv tag nrho cov suburbs ntawm Moscow, nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug decisive phem khiav ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub capital tom qab ib hmo ntawm tawm tsam cov pej xeem nrog ib tug icon. Qhov thib ob yog hais txog mus rau lub xyoo 1480 (tau tshem ntawm Akhmat, sawv nyob rau hauv lub Ugra dej). Vladimir Leej niam ntawm Vajtswv Icon yog sau, raws li kev lig kev cai, los ntawm tus Thwj Tim Lukas qhia Txoj Moo Zoo thiab Mary ntawm lub neej nyob rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib cov lus, ua raws li los ntawm ib tug noj tsev neeg dawb huv.

Constantinople Patriarch Lukas Hrisoverg, uas nws reign nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov XII xyoo pua tau cim los ntawm nws kim heev lub tsev teev ntuj-PatientsÕ kev ua ub no, xa ib daim ntawv teev nrog lub icon Yuriyu Dolgorukomu. Thaum twb nrhiav tau Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow rau Lub yim hli ntuj 26, nws txhua xyoo Procession kev los ntawm lub Assumption Cathedral xa cov Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv, tus Cawm Seej ntawm lub capital nreg los ntawm nws cov tub rog ntawm Tamerlane.

Monastery vaj tse, tau nyob mus txog rau peb hnub

Keeb xeeb ua los ntawm cov monastery vaj tse tsis fwm. Los ntawm qub vaj tse, ciaj tag nrho cov kev tsov kev rog thiab upheavals, rau tam sim no hnub dim lub tsib-domed cathedral, ua nyob rau hauv 1679 nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj ntawm Tsar Fedor Alekseevich, ib nrab-tij laug Peter I. Fyodor III nrog nws tus poj niam Agafey Semenovnoy Grushetskoy tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab kev kho mob ntawm lub Sretensky monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow. Tom qab ob tuag nyob rau hauv 1706 tau txheej txheem ntawm sab qab teb lub tsev teev ntuj - St. John the Baptist. Lub iconostasis ntawm lub Cathedral ntawm lub Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv 1680, muaj koob muaj npe sib yuav ob peb raug teem txoj kev lawv neeg - cov neeg ntseeg thiab martyrs Fedora Stratilata Agafi. Icons nyob equidistant los ntawm tus huab tais lub rooj vag.

Lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lub keeb kwm

Feem ntau, qhov no convent ua si nyob rau hauv tus muaj hmoo ntawm lub Romanov dynasty tsis kawg lub luag hauj lwm - nws nquag pab mus rau sawv los muaj hwj chim ntawm Mikhail Fedorovich, thawj Lavxias teb sab Tsar, cov neeg uas hnov ntawm no lub npe. Tag nrho cov pilgrimage sab sauv strata ntawm Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg pib, raws li ib tug txoj cai, nyob rau hauv no monastery. Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua no yog, yam tsawg kawg ib ntus, lub primatial Department. Thiab lub Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv, xa mus rau lub shrines ntawm lub monastery peb lub sij hawm txais kev cawmdim rau Moscow los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab ntes thiab rhuav tshem.

frescoes ntawm lub monastery

Txawm tias nws tseem ceeb, lub Cathedral ntawm lub nthuav qhia los ntawm cov Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv mus txog rau thaum 1707 sawv unpainted. Xyoo no, ua tsaug rau cov nyiaj pub dawb los ntawm SF Griboyedov, musketeers colonel nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev frescoes, zoo li las rau tam sim no hnub twg thiab yog ib tug ntawm lub xeem masterpieces ntawm ancient kos duab nyob rau hauv lub capital. Leej twg pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, nws yog tsis paub, txij thaum qhov hluav taws kub nyob rau hauv 1737 lub monastery twb hlawv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm feemxyuam ntxias, cov professionalism uas hais tias tus thawj tsim kho ntawm lub thematic murals thiab kev kawm ntawv zoo.

Cov dub nplooj ntawv ntawm keeb kwm

Lub tragic txheej xwm ntawm lub monastery tuaj nyob rau hauv lub 20-ies ntawm XX caug xyoo. Lub tsuas paub tias nws thoob plaws lub teb chaws ntawm Soviet Russia los ntawm 1922 mus 1926 yog ib pawg ntseeg zog hu ua "renovationism" uas, nyob rau hauv essence, yog ib tug adaptation mus rau lub tshiab tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ciaj sia. Nws nquag tiv thaiv nrog Patriarch Tikhon. Thaum cov Sretensky monastery nyob rau hauv 1923 tsiv los ntawm Renovationism nyob rau hauv lub yawg suab ciaj ciam, cov teeb meem pib, thiab nyob rau hauv 1925 lub monastery yog kaw. Kom txog thaum lub 30th, muaj ntau lub tsev ntawm lub monastery kev khuv leej demolished. Sab - txoj kev extension, yog ib lub central li Sretensky Monastery, uas nws qhov chaw nyob yog nyob rau hauv Moscow - Bolshaya Lubyanka, 19, yog nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital. Ntawm cov kev puas tsuaj rau vaj tse yog cov tuam tsev ntawm St. Mary ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, thiab lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Nicholas. Lawv tsis rov qab los. Thaj neeb ntawm tus monastery disbanded nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws. Tsuas yog los ntawm lub caij nyoog qub icon "Txoj kev tsa nto ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig", uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub anti-kev cai dab qhuas tsev cia puav pheej, fwm thiab muab cia rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery. Nyob rau hauv lub seem vaj tse tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv lub NKVD tub ceev xwm hostel. Qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv tus dawb huv av ntawm lub monastery tua neeg, hais tias kev pe hawm tus ntoo khaub lig, tsa nyob rau hauv 1995 nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg raug raug tsim txom.

Rov qab mus rau lub Koom Txoos

90-xyoo nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj lub tsev yog lub All-Union Art kev tshawb fawb thiab Txum Tim Rov Qab Center npe. Grabar. Nyob rau hauv 1991 lub monastery twb rov qab mus rau lub Koom Txoos Orthodox, thiab ces pib nws lub rooj txhawb siab - rov qab los qub vaj tse, siv ntawm vaj tse tshiab thiab lub tswb ntauwd. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub monastery sau ib tug loj publishing tsev. Nyob rau catechetical kawm kawm 400 neeg. 40 monks thiab novices nyob rau hauv lub monastery. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Hlis ntuj nqeg 4, 1925, cia li ua ntej rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv kaw, Sretensky Monastery twb tonsured nyob rau hauv rassophore npe Plato yav tom ntej Patriarch Pimen (nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no Sergey Izvekov), leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 1990.

Lub austere kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov monastery

Tag nrho cov vaj tse yog nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital, uas nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los hloov remarkably, raws li nws cov tshiab saib, xws li cov Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow. Diam duab, muab tso rau hauv qab no, hais lus eloquently txog nws tam sim no austere kev zoo nkauj. Nws yog tej yam ntuj tso hais tias ib tug ntawm cov hiob monasteries, uas ua si ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj hmoo ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub nroog qhov chaw, yog muab ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim los ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txij li thaum lub monastery stauropegic, Patriarch ntawm Moscow yog nws txiav txim npis sov thiab cob qhia. Lub sij hawm "stauropegic" txhais tau hais tias tsis mloog monastery hauv zos diocesan tub ceev xwm. Tej Monasteries thiab Laura yog xeem patriarch. Kom txog rau thaum 1918 lub monastery, nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital, nyob rau hauv txoj kev Bolshaya Lubyanka (hu ua Sretenka), muaj tus txheej xwm ntawm supernumerary monastery, uas twb muaj lawm tsis muaj lub xeev them nyiaj yug. Niaj hnub no, Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow yog hais txog stauropegic.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqis

Tag nrho cov ntais ntawv nyob rau hauv cov abode of nws siab plaws. Muaj coob tus neeg yuav tau zoo siab rau ntawm Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow. monastery hu nkauj ua ke (tsis yog hu nkauj, thiab lub hu nkauj ua ke) yog hnub nyoog tib yam li nws, thiab yog lub npe hu tsis tau tsuas yog rau parishioners thiab lovers ntawm cov nkauj dawb ceev. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII Sretensky Pawg Hu Nkauj thiab cov hu nkauj ua ke tau pom tau hais tias, raws li tau nrog los ntawm solemn processions thoob nroog. Thaum nyob sib zog lub sij hawm, los yug dua ua ke nrog rau cov monastery neeg ua hauj lwm pib tau tshiab nta, cov sij hawm, thiab thaum kawg tsim nyob rau hauv 2005. Nws yog taws los ntawm ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Music Nikon Stepanovich nyob. Los ntawm thaum yau nws yog ib tug chorister ntawm lub Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Nrog rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm soloists ntawm lub hu nkauj ua ke yog concerts thiab kaw albums. Txhua lub 30 soloists zoo heev cov suab paj nruas kev kawm ntawv - los yog "Gnesinka" los yog Moscow Theological Seminary los yog Sretinskaya. Muaj me nyuam kawm ntawv tsam Academy ntawm lub suab qw Art thiab cov Moscow Conservatory. Raws li kom tus kivcua ntsawj thiab cov kws txawj, ntse saib xyuas "ua rau cov kev sib raug zoo suab nyob rau hauv uas muaj sia nyob lub cev." Nyob rau hauv lub hu nkauj ua ke muaj soloists los ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no - Dmitry Beloselsky, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Revered icons thiab relics ntawm cov neeg ntseeg

Shrines Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow, uas muaj tuaj feem ntau cov relics ntawm Hieromartyr Hilarion (Troitsky) - npis sov thiab theologian ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, lub icon nrog lub relics ntawm St. Seraphim ntawm Sarov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj yog muab qhov seem ntawm St. Mary ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, St. Ioanna Zlatousta, Vasiliya Velikogo thiab Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub thaj neeb zaj duab xis (lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv lub shroud) thiab zoo (yees duab) replica Turin shroud, ua tag nrho-scale, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub crypt ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws twb tsa Patriarch ntawm Moscow Alexis II raws li ib tug icon ntawm tus Cawm Seej Tsis Ua los ntawm ob txhais tes. Honored ntawm lub Vladimir Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv ua tiav daim ntawv teev cov shrines Sretensky Monastery.

Disinterestedness rau Vajtswv lub yeeb koob

Cov neeg uas selflessly thiab yeem ua hauj lwm rau Vajtswv lub yeeb koob, nyob ntawm lub orthodox monasteries, tab sis lawv tsis novices - qhov thiaj li hu ua cov neeg ua haujlwm. Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow, raws li zoo li lwm yam tsev teev ntuj tsev nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau ntawm lawv cov kev pab. Trudnik txawv los ntawm cov pilgrims, thiab los ntawm novices. Yeej, cov no yog cov neeg cia li raug npaj los siab lawv tus kheej mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj kiag li. Muaj yog ib tug kev cov neeg ua haujlwm, nyob rau hauv uas lawv yog cov yuav raug kev uas yuav tsum tau, thiab mus ua txhaum lawv tsis pom zoo. Feem ntau cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj mus rau lub monasteries rau tej lub sij hawm, thiab lawv, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tau ib qhov chaw nyob. Hotel Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow hu ua "Podushkin" rau lub hom phiaj no thiab twb npaj. Tab sis, hmoov tsis, nyob rau hauv 2012, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub scandal vim hais tias ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias daim ntawv teev cov kev pab cuam, raws li tub ceev xwm, yog thiab intimate. Vicar Sretensky Monastery ntaub ntawv hu ua hais lus phem.