Plehve Vyacheslav Konstantinovich - Lavxias teb sab statesman. Biography, kev nom kev tswv, kev tuag

Lub Xya hli ntuj 15, 1904 nyob rau hauv Izmailovo Prospect St. Petersburg tawg. Nyob rau hnub ntawd, cov neeg phem foob pob ces muab pov tseg rau hauv lub carriage, mus rau lub Tsarskoye selo, raug tua los ntawm lub sab hauv Minister Vyacheslav Konstantinovich von Plehve. Qhov no tua neeg yog qhov tseeb qhov link hauv ib txoj saw uas teeb meem txhaum cai cog lus los ntawm neeg ua phem cov koom haum ntawm Russia, uas pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tsuas yog tib txoj kev los tsim kom lub neej tshiab.

Cov Hluas thiab xyoo ntawm txoj kev tshawb

Lub neej yav tom ntej lub taub hau ntawm lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsoom fwv ministries Plehve Vyacheslav Konstantinovich yug nyob rau hauv 1846 mus rau hauv ib tug neeg txom nyem aristocratic tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub Kaluga xeev. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, nws yog ua ke nrog rau tag nrho tsev neeg nyob rau hauv Warsaw, qhov uas nws cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv high school, tab sis tsoo tawm nyob rau hauv 1863, ib lub uprising yuam kom lawv rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws.

Cov haiv neeg Kaluga nws kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, tau txais ib tug kub laiv nyob rau hauv kev tso cai. Ntxiv Kev Kawm Ntawv Vyacheslav K. tau txais twb nyob rau hauv Moscow, nkag mus rau hauv txoj cai tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Ntuj lub peev xwm thiab kev mob siab thiab cov neeg, pub los ntawm nws tus txiv (ib tug German nobleman), nws brilliantly pab mus xaus kev kawm nyob rau hauv 1867 thiab, nrog rau cov neeg kawm ntawv uas sib tw ntawm cov cai thiab cov nyob qib ntawm ib tug collegiate secretary, kom tau ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Moscow koog tsev kawm ntawv lub tsev hais plaub.

Thaum pib ntawm cov pej xeem qhov kev pab

Cov tom ntej no kaum plaub xyoo Plehve Vyacheslav Konstantinovich muaj ntau yam txaus qhia nyob rau hauv lub Ministry of Justice. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab lub tom ntej no lo lus uas peb, ib tug ob peb lub sij hawm yuav tawm mus los ntawm lub nroog lub nroog, mus txog rau thaum thaum kawg, txoj hmoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais kws lij choj tsis ua rau lub imperial capital - St. Petersburg. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv 1879, occupying cov ncej ntawm prosecutor ntawm lub Trial Chamber, 33-xyoo-laus tus kws lij choj, nws twb pom los ntawm cov huab tais Alexander II thiab coj lawv mus rau lub ceeb toom raws li ib tug ua tau tus neeg sib tw rau yav tom ntej txhob.

Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov Plehve Vyacheslav Konstantinovich tau paub nws tus kheej twb tom qab 1881 ob txhais tes ntawm cov neeg phem tau tua li txhawb nqa nws tus huab tais. Alexander III nce lub zwm txwv qhia Pleve ua lub Department of State tub ceev xwm. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, thaum lub teb chaws twb cia yuam kev nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, nchuav los ntawm militants ntawm ntau yam neeg ua phem cov koom haum, cov chaw ua hauj lwm los ntawm txoj cai yuav tsum tau hu ua ib tug tseem ceeb.

Lub taub hau ntawm ib tug loj department

Huab tais yog tsis yuam kev nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev xaiv. Tus tshiab khiv tsa taub hau ntawm lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tuam tau siv lawv lub hwj chim rau tshwj kom txhob lawlessness nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov ces. Nws lub ntsiab kev vam meej ntawm lub sij hawm no yog lub yeej ntawm cov neeg - tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov feem ntau kom nquag plias thiab unrelenting anti-tsoom fwv pawg nyob rau hauv Russia.

Yuav kom saib xyuas cov kev ua ub ntawm xws lug Plehve muaj peev xwm mus tsim lub teb chaws tus unprecedented thaum lub sij hawm lub network ntawm daim card kab mob, siv nyob rau hauv lub zoo ibyam ntawm militant cov koom haum. Qhov no muab cov tub ceev xwm ib lub sij hawm mus rau "ua si ua ntej ntawm tus nkhaus" thiab tshem lub teb chaws ntawm ntau militants npaj bloodshed. Nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm, Vyacheslav K. koom nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm ib tug kev cai lij choj lub moj khaum rau ntau zoo counter phem.

lwm lub sij hawm

Nws tej hauj lwm yog lug menyuam, thiab tsis ntev Pleve tuas tus ncej ntawm deputy lub taub hau ntawm lub Ministry ntawm Internal Affairs, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd nws - privy councilor. Nyob rau hauv view ntawm prevailing nyob rau hauv cov neeg pej xeem Duchy ntawm Finland muaj xwm txheej ceev, Vyacheslav K. xa muaj raws li Secretary of State. Ntawm no Nws kev ua ub no npog tag nrho cov yam ntawm lub neej. Siv zog npaum lawv yuav tsum tau khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub Finnish Senate, nyob rau hauv kev kos qauv ntawm lub Charter ntawm cov tub rog conscription thiab sib sau ua ke cov neeg pej xeem Duchy ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman.

Ib zaug ntxiv, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg

Nyob rau hauv 1902, tom qab lwm high-profile txhaum uas tau ua phem revolutionaries, cov neeg phem thiab costing lub neej ntawm lub sab hauv Minister DS Sipyagin, Vyacheslav Konstantinovich yog tsa nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw thiab rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg. Ntawm no yog nws hais kom ua corps ntawm gendarmes, uas nws deploys kev tawm tsam nrog cov tawm tsam thiab kev revolutionary taw. Txoj cai Pleve tias lub sij hawm yog ib qho nyuaj thiab uncompromising.

Tsaug rau nws cov active ntsuas tau laus neeg pluag uprisings nyob rau hauv ob peb lub yav qab teb xeev, tsis tas lawv yuav loj hlob mus rau hauv ib tug loj-scale riots. Thaum nws los ua tsim nyog los kho cov kev cai lij choj uas zemstvo, ces qhov no ua hauj lwm tau ntse ua tiav Pleven. Vyacheslav K., txawm nws tibneeg hu tauj coob lub sij hawm, nrog rau cov hauj lwm ua ub no ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov thawj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab monarchist lub koom haum "Lavxias teb sab ua ke".

Cov neeg phem nyob rau hauv gunpoint

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tuav pej xeem chaw ua hauj lwm, Plehve kom deb li deb li sai tau dab huab anti-Semitism, nws yog nws revolutionary lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Russia twb liam ntawm coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1903 nyob rau hauv Chisinau ib tug series ntawm anti-Jewish pogroms. Qhov no yog vim li cas mus xaiv nws raws li lwm cov los ntawm tus neeg.

Cov tua neeg ntawm Plehve undertook kev sib ntaus los ntawm tes SRS, uas pom nyob rau hauv xav tias tsam lawv yog tus tsuas yog txhais tau tias zoo kev daws kev cov teeb meem. Qhov kev ua coj tus naas ej provocateur E. Azef. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, lub militants tau tsim ib tug txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas lub privy Councillor tsis tu ncua mus rau Tsarskoye selo tau hais qhia rau cov huab tais. Nyob rau ib lub ntawm cov chaw txoj kev nws yuav tsum tau tos rau lub armed mej zeej ntawm lub koom haum. Nws tau raug tsa thiab cov hnub ntawm lub tua neeg.

Cov xwm txheej no nyob rau Izmailovo Avenue

Tom qab ib tug series ntawm qeeb tshwm sim los ntawm lub koom haum yog vim li cas, xeeb tau ua. Foob pob ces muab pov tseg rau hauv lub carriage minister Yegor Sozonov - Revolutionaries thiab me nyuam kawm ntawv feem kawm poob. Nws yees duab sau tsab xov xwm. Nws tshwm sim Lub Xya hli ntuj 15, 1904 nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nyob ze ntawm lub Warsaw chaw nres tsheb. Twb tau nyob rau tsev loj cuj thiab NW nyuam qhuav recovering los ntawm cov qhov txhab tau txais nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tawg, nws sau nyob rau hauv nws chaw muag mis nyuj uas Vajtswv thov tsuas yog ib yam: hais tias nws tus yeeb ncuab twb tshuav ciaj sia.

Tom qab lub tragic kev tuag ntawm Vyacheslav Konstantinovich tshuav nws tus poj ntsuam Zinaida, leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv 1921, thiab ob tug me nyuam - ib tug tub, Nicholas, leej twg los ua ib tug kws lij choj zoo li nws tus txiv, thiab ib tug ntxhais, Elizabeth, uas sib yuav lub senator N. I. Vuicha thiab twb nws hnub nyob rau hauv exile.