"Montelukast": xyuas, cov lus qhia thiab analogues ntawm cov tshuaj

"Montelukast" - hais txog cov tshuaj xyuas tau yooj yim yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv internet forums thiab qhov chaw siab rau cov teeb meem ntawm mob hawb pob - ib tug classic antagonist ntawm leukotriene D4-receptor. Cov tshuaj yog dav siv raws li ib lub hauv paus thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kho thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob cov yam ntxwv tawm tsam ntawm tus kab mob. Balanced muaj pes tsawg leeg tso cai rau kev siv ntawm ib tug yeeb tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm yuav luag txhua pawg hnub nyoog.

tso tawm daim ntawv

Yog vim li cas yog vim li cas "montelukast" tau txais feem ntau zoo xyuas, ib tug ntau. Txawm li cas los, thawj qhov uas catches koj lub qhov muag - qhov no yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug assortment ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, muag nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd tus txheej txheem yog yeej los ntawm peb matrix. Nws yog hais txog tus txheej txheem tshuaj nrog ib tug ntawv ci lub hnab ntawv (1 chav tsev muaj 10 mg ntawm active tshuaj) thiab lawv analogues zom (4 mg thiab 5 mg feem ntawm lub reagent). Base hauv paus nyob rau hauv ob leeg, ua montelukast sodium, tab sis muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ntau ntau yam koom haum pab Cheebtsam - Mannitol thiab aspartame yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov qauv npaj rau tam sim ntawd haus thaum lub sij hawm siv.

Nyob rau hauv cov lus ntau heev nws pops li cov nqe lus nug ntawm counterfeits, uas tam sim no thiab ces tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub khw muag tshuaj chains. Tiv thaiv tiv thaiv counterfeiting yuav ua tau, yog hais tias tsis raws sij hawm them nyiaj saib xyuas mus rau lub tsos ntawm cov pharmacological khoom.

Nyob rau hauv kev, zom ntsiav tshuaj nrog 4 milligrams ntawm active ingredient, muaj ib lub voj qe thiab ib tug liab tinge (piav qhia raws nkaus Ii ntsiav tshuaj nrog lws suav tsw, nrog rau kev siv lwm yam flavorings permissible sib txawv), thiab cim nrog cov zauv "4" nyob rau ib sab. Analogs nyob rau hauv uas lub ntsiab active khoom sib ua zaub mov yog 1 mg ntau - puag ncig thiab sau tias "tsib". Ntsiav tshuaj raws li ib tug plhaub geometrically li ib tug duab plaub; Lawv beige thiab suav "10" xov tooj.

pharmacological koom

"Montelukast" (ua tim khawv piav txog lub sijhawm uas txoj reagent provoked tsis haum yog tsis tshua muaj heev) - qhov no yog ib tug raug tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov pab pawg neeg antibronhokonstriktornyh tshuaj. Lub algorithm tso cai nws ua hais lus ntawm ib tug "nyob ze kev sib raug zoo" nrog intermedianty / prostaglandins thiab thromboxanes.

Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov tshuaj - thaiv cov hlab cysteinyl leukotriene "sensors" ntawm lub pa system. Cov receptors muaj siab ua si nyob rau hauv bronchial hawb pob kev loj hlob thiab lawv kuj tsim kho lub synthesis ntawm kua uas ces accumulates thiab complicates lub mucosa.

Tsis tu ncua kom tsawg yuav ua rau ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv lub heev ntawm cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm lub dav txo nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm muaj mob hawb pob (raws li sau tseg los ntawm ntau cov neeg mob, zoo hloov twb pom nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm txoj kev kho).

metabolic nta

"Montelukast" (xyuas kws tshuaj hais tias tus tiag tiag kev xaiv ntawm kev muag zaub-ins yog tsuas yog siv rau tus nqi txoj cai ntawm manufacturers, piv txwv li tus neeg tshuaj-txhais, xa mus rau nws muaj pes tsawg leeg zoo tib yam-structured molecules yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv, muaj ntau ntau lub sij hawm ntau kim tshaj qhov piav kev npaj), nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav, binds txig nrog nws proteins. Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, qhov tshwm sim yog kaw nyob rau ntawm lub 99, 37%. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws bioavailability yog nyob rau hauv ncaj qha kev faib ua feem rau cov txheej txheem tom qab muab. Piv txwv li, cov khoom xyaw 5-milligram ntsiav tshuaj amenable mus haum los ntawm 73%, whereas analogues nrog membrane liner nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog 2 lub sij hawm ntau active tshuaj, - tsuas yog los ntawm 64%.

Ib tug zoo xws li cov teeb meem no nrog ib tug ib nrab-lub neej ntawm lub reagent: Cheebtsam zom tshuaj, los ntawm niaj metabolism, tawm hauv lub cev tom qab 2 xuab moos tom qab txais tos, tab sis lub constituent ntsiab ntawm cov pa ntsiav tshuaj - tom qab 180-200 feeb. Nyob rau hauv no ntshav clearance nws sib txawv 43-45 ml / feeb. Thiab, zoo li, tsuas yog 0.2% ntawm cov tshuaj yog conveyed urinary raws. Hnyuv, los ntawm kev sib piv, - ntau tshaj 85%.

Los ntawm cov lus ntawm respected tub ceev xwm, nws hais ntxiv hais tias lub pharmacokinetic txheej txheem yog Attendance ntseeg nkaws nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob ntawm ob sexes, thiab hais tias ua tej yam kev kho me ntsis rau lub hnub nyoog thiab lub raum pathology nyob rau hauv lub xam ntawm lub hnub servings tshuaj yog yuav tsum tau. Tab sis tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tawm los mus rau mob hnyav kab mob, tsim nyog tshwj xeeb xim nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm ib tug kho raws sij hawm.

indications rau

Thaum kev txaus cai los ntawm kev siv ntawm "montelukast" tshuaj xyuas (cov me nyuam noj tshuaj pom zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pos hniav, tshuaj, coated membrane plhaub, nws yog advisable kom taw xwb cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam hluas), sab laug nyob rau hauv forums, ntawm chav kawm, pab kom peb to taub. Txawm li cas los, tsuas yog coj los ntawm lwm tus neeg txoj kev xav - nws yog ib tug loj yuam kev, vim hais tias tsis muaj kev sib tham nrog ib tug kws kho mob, "kom paub tias cov" hom mob hawb pob, thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - mus nrhiav tau tawm yog vim li cas rau nws tshwm sim yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua.

Nrog kev xav txog cov zaj lus, lub voj voog muaj cov tsos mob, ailments thiab lwm yam tej yam kev mob uas tau hais tseg raws li nram no:

• bronchial chua txhais los ntawm ntev lub cev load;
• Khaub / mob rhinitis, tsis haum xwm ntawm hauv paus chiv keeb;
• mob hawb pob;
• qhov yuav tsum tau rau txoj kev tiv thaiv.

Lub zoo ntau npaum

"Montelukast" (tsis zoo tswv yim yog tsis tshua muaj yooj yim mus nrhiav tau, vim hais tias cov active ingredient tau ntev tau ntse siv raws li ib tug tub ntxhais feem ntawm ntau yeeb tshuaj) yog muab hais lus, ib zaug ib hnub twg, tsis muaj tej kev ua txhaum rau lub sij hawm "tshais - noj su - noj hmo."

Rau chewable ntsiav tshuaj, 4 mg thiab 5 mg muaj xws li noj tshuaj npaum cas cai:

• me nyuam hnub nyoog nruab nrab ntawm 2 thiab 5 xyoos: 1 unit ntawm product (4 mg) ib hnub twg, thaum mus pw, kom txog rau thaum ua tau raws li cov kev tswj ntawm cov tsos mob thiab prolongation ntawm lub nrauv chav kawm rau 2-4 lub lis piam mus txhim kho lub resultant cov nyhuv;
• cov neeg mob 6 mus rau 14 xyoos: tib hom, tab sis ib tug ib-lub sij hawm tus nqi ntawm - 5 mg.

Rau yus kev noj tshuaj nrog ib tug ntawv ci wrapper cov nram qab no tswv yim pom zoo:

• neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam hnub nyoog 15 xyoos, kev txom nyem los ntawm bronchial hawb pob los yog mob txhaws ntswg: 1 Unit (10 mg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas) / hnub nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj;
• tiv thaiv kom txhob tu-sauv: tib koob tshuaj rau ib lub sij hawm luv ntev ntawm 14-28 hnub.

sab nyhuv

"Montelukast" qhia (xyuas hais tias txawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ua raws li cov hauj lwm coj noj coj ua ntawm atypical tshua mus rau lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom xyaw rau hauv lub kawg yuav tsis raug tshem tawm) yog positioned raws li ib tug uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj, tab sis nrog lub proviso hais tias cov uas tsis yog-kev "teb" nyob rau ib feem ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob tseem tau.

Tso scenario:

• GI: raws plab, qhov ncauj qhuav, mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog syndrome, xeev siab;
• plawv thiab cov hlab kab: ib tug heev tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv mem tes dhia;
• daim tawv nqaij sawv pob, urticaria, lub zos hematoma;
• ua pa system: los ntswg qhov ntswg thiab hnoos;
• Cns: kiv kiv taub hau, qaug zog, mus ob peb vas ntawm kev nyuaj siab alternating nrog ntev psychomotor ntxhov siab;
• licas: myalgia thiab arthralgia (xws li convulsions.).
• Lwm yam: cov tsos mob yam ntxwv ntawm mob ua pa kab mob thiab kab mob khaub thuas.

Cov kev txwv thiab contraindications

"Montelukast" (cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog cov feem ntau zoo xyuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv nws, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov lus nug los ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub rooj sab laj yog yuav luag tsis muaj) yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yog tias:

• Nws pom ib tug nce rhiab heev rau nyob tus yeees ntawm cov tshuaj (feem ntau yeej muaj tseeb rau txhua hom ntsiav tshuaj);
• thiaj paub hais tias muaj tsawg heev li pub tus kab mob, nrog rau cov nyob rau hauv uas tus kab mob tsis assimilate galactose los yog muaj ib qho tseem ceeb lactase deficiency (qhov no txwv no tsis siv rau kev zom khoom ntsiav tshuaj);
• tus neeg mob yog burdened nrog phenylketonuria;
• tus neeg mob twb tsis tau muab ob lub xyoos (rau coated ntsiav tshuaj "txwv lub hnub nyoog" - 15 xyoos).

Overdose: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia, "Montelukast" 4 mg (ua tim khawv txog qhov no coj mus muag daim ntawv ntawm cov reagent, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, zoo tib yam rau cov lus uas nyob zom analogs muaj 5 mg ntawm active tshuaj) nyob rau hauv excess ntawm lub hnub noj npaum li cas muaj nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv tib yam li 10 mg ntsiav tshuaj . Qhov tseem hais cov tsos mob ntawm overdose yuav pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob yau pab pawg neeg. Cov neeg laus, txawm tias thaum noj 200 mg / hnub rau 5 lub hlis, ib co kev txawv txav tshua muaj cai.

Cov hluas kos npe rau lub sijhawm uas nws muaj zog ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no yog:

• cig tsis paub tuag nqhis dej;
• nkees nkees;
• plab cheeb tsam mob;
• ntuav;

Kev kho mob yog nqa tawm, raws li nyob rau hauv lub soj ntsuam daim duab cai. Ntaub ntawv hais txog cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm hemodialysis tsis tuaj kawm ntawv.

Tshuaj kev sib tshuam, thiab feem ntau nrov analogues

"Montelukast" 5 mg (xyuas ntawm kev zom khoom kuaj sab laug los ntawm pediatricians, rhaub down mus rau lub tswv yim tias cov tshuaj, tsis muaj nrog, tsim nyog ntawm cov xim ntawm cov tub ntxhais niam txiv), raws li zoo li lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov leukotriene receptor antagonist, thaum uas siv nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov agents rau accelerate lub zoo puab : cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob hawb pob yuav tsis loj heev, tus xov tooj ntawm tawm tsam poob. Txawm li cas los, lub ceev tshem ntawm txoj kev kho nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm nqus tau cov pa corticosteroids yog tsis pom zoo.

Tseem ceeb variations nyob rau hauv lub pharmacokinetic dab uas theophylline thiab prednizola kuaj. Tab sis haum nyob rau hauv "union" nrog phenobarbital txo los ntawm ntau li ntau 40%.

Reagents uas inhibit qhov kev synthesis ntawm CYP3A4 isoenzyme, yuav tsum tau tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob saib xyuas.

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev analogs uas feem ntau pom muaj rau cov muag khoom:

• "Monkasta".
• "Singlon".
• "Singulair".
• "Ektalust".
• "Singuleks".

"Singulair" los yog "montelukast": xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab kws muab tshuaj

Raws li cov kws muaj txuj pharmacologists, sib cav tswv yim hais txog tej uas cov tshuaj yog kev ruaj ntseg thiab ntau yam ntxiv zoo, meaningless, txij li thaum "Singulair" thiab "montelukast" yog ib tug thiab tib yam kws puag. Cia li dhau thawj luam lub npe patent sau npe, thiab lub thib ob yog thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob, txawm li cas los, yuav siv sij hawm ib tug txawv saib thiab xav txog cov tshuaj muab faib nyob rau hauv lub INN, tsuas yog kev txiav txim siab.