Magnesium oxide: Properties, npaj, daim ntawv thov

Magnesium oxide yog feem ntau xa mus rau ntau tsuas burnt magnesia los yog magnesium oxide. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog khaub-ncaws nyias thiab zoo crystalline dawb hmoov. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, cov magnesium oxide tshwm sim raws li cov mineral periclase. Cov zaub mov kev lag luam yog ib yam khoom uas lub npe hu ua ib tug khoom noj khoom haus additive nyob rau hauv code E530.

Thaj chaw ntawm magnesium oxide

Tshuaj Formula ntawm lub substance: MgO. Qhov no compound muaj yuav luag tsis muaj tsw nyob rau hauv lub ammonia thiab cov acid yog nkag soluble nyob rau hauv dej, nws solubility ntawm 30 ° C yog tsuas 0,0086 grams / 100 ml, thiab ib tug dej cawv thiab nws tsis yaj. Hniav puas loj ntawm MgO - 40,3044 g / mol. Nyob rau hauv 20 ° C thiab nws ceev yog 3,58 g / cm³, boiling kub - 3600 ° C, melting - 2852 ° C. Melkokristallichesky magnesium oxide yog sib heev kom nquag plias. Nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm absorbing carbon dioxide tsim cov coj carbonate:

• MgO + CO ₂ = MgCO _3;

albeit maj mam, tab sis tseem reacts nrog dej, txoj kev insoluble tsis muaj zog puag :

• H ₂ O + MgO = Mg (OH) _2;

yog reacted nrog ib tug acid:

• 2HCl + MgO = MgCl ₂ + H ₂ O

Lub calcined magnesium oxide loses nws reactivity. Nws yuav tsum raug ntxiv hais tias qhov no hmoov gigroskopechen.

Kev npaj ntawm magnesium oxide

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam, qhov no compound twb npaj yeej tseem zoo los ntawm firing. Cov raw cov ntaub ntawv siv minerals xws li dolomite (MgCO3.CaCO3) los yog magnesia (MgCO3). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, magnesia yog nqa tawm siv ib tug calcination bishofit (MgCl ₂ x 6H ₂ O) nyob rau hauv dej vapor, calcining Mg (OH) 2 thiab lwm yam tsis ruaj tsis khov rau kub Mg tebchaw. Nyob rau hauv laboratory tej yam kev mob, MgO yuav npaj los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm nws constituent Cheebtsam:

• 2Mg + O ₂ = 2MgO;

los yog los ntawm thermal decomposition ntawm tej ntsev los yog hydroxide:

• MgCO ₃ = MgO + CO _2.

Nyob rau hauv lub qhuav txoj kev magnesium oxide yog txoj kev cai uas kom paub qhov txawv ob lub ntsiab hom tebchaw: lub teeb thiab hnyav magnesia. Tus thawj yog ib tug tsis muaj kob hmoov, uas yog ib qho yooj yim txaus mus nkag rau hauv lub ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv uas nta acids, uas Mg ntsev raug tsim. Qhov thib ob muaj loj muaju ntawm tej yam ntuj tso los yog hluavtaws periclase thiab distinguished dej kuj thiab yog ntau inert.

magnesium oxide

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam, qhov no compound yog siv rau manufacturing MAAs, refractory, raws li muab tub lim nyob rau hauv roj hmab thiab rau ntxhia roj kev kho mob. Ultralight magnesium oxide yog siv raws li ib tug heev nplua abrasive, uas yog kev dawb huv chaw. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv lub electronics kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, magnesia yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Qhov twg MgO yog siv nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm pais plab acidity theem tshwm sim vim muaj ib tug dhau heev lawm ntawm hydrochloric acid. Magnesium oxide kuj siv rau neutralizing active tshuaj ntawd ntes tau nyob rau hauv lub plab. Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam ua noj MgO yog siv raws li ib tug khoom noj khoom haus additive (E530) code, uas tiv thaiv clumping thiab caking. Magnesia kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv gymnastics. Ntawm no, cov hmoov yog thov mus rau lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov ncaws pob hu rau nrog ce cov khoom yog ntau txhim khu kev qha. Ntxiv uas magnesium oxide yog ib txog kev Reflector. Lub thiaj coefficient ntawm lub substance nyob rau hauv lub ncua spectral band yog sib npaug zos rau kev sib sau thiab yog li ntawd nws yuav zoo siv tau raws li ib tug dawb siv.