Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub" I. S. Turgeneva. Cim thiab cov ua cim dluab

Kawm ua hauj lwm ntawm zoo-paub classic "txiv thiab tub", koj yuav pom tias tus sau tsis sai li sai qhia qhov xwm ntawm cov cim thiab lawv yeej muaj tseeb xwm. Piav txog nws cim, Turgenev prefers siv portrait thiab kev sib tham. Xeem sau hniav tseem ceeb heev, yog li nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau koj hu rau nws cia li ib txwm txoj kev. Los ntawm kev sib tham qhia ntau yam rau cov neeg tej teeb meem, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, qhov ntawm lub cim.

Sib tham raws li ib txoj kev raws tus xwm ntawm lub cim

Thaum nyeem cov phau ntawv uas koj yuav pom tias cov kev sib tham yog ib tug mob siab sib tham nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm philosophy thiab kev nom kev tswv. Nws yog nrog lawv pab Turgenev qhia lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tshiab. "Txiv thiab tub" - ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas lub cim tseem ceeb yog Bazarov hais haum ntse txiv neej. Nws feem ntau yog tus khiav nyob rau hauv lub sib cav tswv yim, xam rau ib tug sib sib zog nqus thiab abstruse kab lus. Sau Eugene ua nquag siv ntawm paj lug thiab sayings. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg kuj tau hais tias nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nws yeej tsis juts rau hauv ntev philosophical sib ceg. Bazarov tua tag nrho cov tsiaj uas siv lapidary. Tag nrho tej yam pab kom tus nyeem ntawv to taub hais tias cov ua cim belongs rau lub Democrats.

Portrait kev txawj ntse Turgenev

Ua portraits ntawm lub heroes ntawm Turgenev siv lub txais tos mysterious longing, tsis muaj ib zaug muab tag nrho cov lus. Lub cim ntawm tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub" piav los ntawm lub satiric, phraseological thiab lexical txhais tau tias. Nws yog tsuas yog tom qab tus uas tsim nyog tom qab yuav twv tau, tus nyeem ntawv yuav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov ua cim. Qhov no kev txawj ntawm Ivan Sergeyevich ntau ib yam li cov style ntawm Gogol.

Title ntawm tus tshiab

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub" xaus mas ua hauj lwm cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tus sau tsis qhia sib txawv ntawm cov neeg vim hais tias ntawm txawv hnub nyoog thiab cov kev sib raug, thiab cov clash ntawm tus tshiab nrog cov laus, nriaj nrog Kirsanov Bazarov. Turgenev ntseeg hais tias tawm hauv Russia yeej tsis muab li tsis muaj ib tug sib ntaus, thiab los tsis tsuas yog tsis xyeej nws, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub kawg yog tus khiav.

Lub tswv yim thiab lub siab ntawm tus tshiab

Coincidentally, tus tshiab lub tswv yim tuaj ntawm ib lub sij hawm thaum tus sau lov tawm kev koom tes nrog cov "Kawm". Lub ntsiab tsab Bazarov los ua ib tug kws kho mob, Nikolai Dobrolyubov, uas ntaus nws nrog nws tus. Tus kws kho mob tsim ib revolutionary txoj kev npaj, tsis nyiam Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich txiav txim siab mus sau ib tug tshiab, uas yog ib lub sij hawm kom to taub cov kev xav thiab yog vim li cas rau tej yam ntawm tus neeg tshiab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab zej zog. Lub tswv yim los sau ntawv no ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1860, lub nram qab no xyoo, Ivan Sergeyevich siab nws xaus, thiab los ntawm 1862 th tuaj reprint, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tseeb hais tias tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub" no muaj nplooj siab Vissarionu Grigorevichu Belinskomu. Nws yog ib tug txawj critic thiab theorist. Tom qab nws thawj tsab xov xwm neeg tam sim ntawd pom nws ib co yus feature. Qhov tseeb hais tias Belinsky xav los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem yooj yim thiab yooj yim li sai tau mus ua nrog ib tug neeg lub neej tshaj xav nyob rau hauv Turgenev. Plaug no lub npe rau ntawm lub title page, tus sau yuav ua rau nws kom meej rau tag nrho cov txawj nyeem ntawv, dab tsi yog qhov originality ntawm tus tshiab. "Txiv thiab tub" - ib tug kiag li tshiab khoom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nws meej piav lub neej ntawm ib tug niaj hnub qub txeeg qub tes nyob rau hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm Bazarov.

Cov duab ntawm Bazarov

Eugene yog ib tug tshwm sim rau ob lub Turgenev, thiab rau tag nrho lub zog ntawm Guj kuj. Qhov no yog ib tug haib, khoom thiab zoo ib yam daim duab. Yeej qhov ntawm cov ua cim qhib nws nyob rau hauv nws cov kev sib tham nrog cov loj ideological yeeb ncuab - Nikolai thiab Pavel Kirsanov. Tsaug rau tag nrho cov kev tsis sib haum yuav to taub yuav ua li cas nws yog cov nom tswv cajceg tiag tiag yog dab tsi thiab nws yog los hloov long-intellectuals tuaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov kev tsis sib haum yuav ntshiab kev ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub", uas tseem tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej rau ib txhia. Bazarov tsis txais txhua yam uas muaj feem rau cov kev qhia tswj ntawm lub neej ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab neeg thiab serfdom. Nws xav kom thaum kawg tsim ib tug tshiab thiab kev ywj pheej haiv neeg nyob rau hauv Russia, uas yog tsis txhob xav hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qub style. Turgenev piav qhia hais tias yog hais tias qhov cim yog hu ua ib tug nihilist, ces nws yuav tsum tau coj raws li ib tug revolutionary, thiab tsis yog raws li ib tug txiv neej uas tsis tau lub ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg hav zoov thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov qhov tseem ceeb. Tus sau ntseeg hais tias lub ntsiab teeb meem Eugene hais tias nws twb tsis yog yug rau lub sij hawm thiab nws xav hloov haiv neeg, thaum nws yog mus rau qhov no yog tsis tau npaj txhij.

Turgenev tus dab neeg tau ua ib yam dab tsi tshiab rau lub Lavxias teb sab zej zog, ua zoo txaus siab nrog cov txawj nyeem ntawv. Nws qhia tau hais tias tus tawm tsam ntawm ideologies tiam, uas yog ceev nyob rau hauv 1860, nws yog ua tau kom to taub ua ntej nyeem ntawv, tsuas yog tom qab nws xav txog lawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tshiab. "Txiv thiab tub" - ib phau ntawv hais tias, muaj mas yuav kis tau zoo kawg tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, yog tam sim no ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nto moo classical tej hauj lwm, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, tsis plam qhov tseeb rau hnub no.