Hauj lwm ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky. Lub keeb kwm ntawm creation thiab cov neeg sau ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky nyob rau hauv Moscow

Keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws, cov neeg muaj peev xwm tsis yuav haum rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm scarce phau ntawv los yog monographs lengthy kev xav. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm txoj kev koom, cov facades ntawm qub vaj tse - monuments ntawm architecture, monuments thiab saum nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tej yam tseem ceeb hnub, thiab kuj zoo kawg personalities. Nyob rau ib tug xws li muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas tau ua lub txwm ntawm Moscow, thiab peb mam li tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

pej xeem heroes

Liab Square, lub Kremlin chimes, St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo - lub ntsiab attractions ntawm lub capital, nws cim. Txawm li cas los, rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lawv yog tsis tag tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb lub tsev. Hauj lwm ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky, nrog ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia txog dab tsi lub pej xeem heroes thiab tus naas ej, yog muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov neeg mus ncig tebchaws ntawv thiab lub nroog ntawm cov. Nws yog to taub. Tom qab grand duab puab cam khwb cia nyob rau hauv tooj liab thiab tooj dag, rau yuav luag ob centuries nws nce nyob ze ntawm lub Kremlin. Thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam lub plawv ntawm Moscow tsis muaj nws heroic defenders, zoo li keeb kwm nws tus kheej teem no yog lub centuries kom kev thaj yeeb thiab tranquility ntawm cov pej xeem. Ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky yog to taub tsis tau tsis muaj digression nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev dhau los, nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Tej.

Cov tsos ntawm lub monument

Cov duab puab embodies nws lub hom phiaj ntawm ib tug pej xeem, patriotism, tus kheej paub txog thiab filial luag hauj lwm rau nws lub teb chaws, uas sim hawm caij nyoog nws mus ua prototypes feat. Nws heroes - cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg tub rog Kuzma Minin thiab Dmitry Pozharsky. Tus thawj sawv ua ncaj ncees, kwm ntuav caj npab, taw nyob rau hauv no nrhiav neeg ua hauj piav tes piav taw rau Moscow, uas yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov Polish invaders. Nws ob txhais tes nws tus tij laug-nyob rau hauv-caj npab rab ntaj, yog li ntawd nws raws li lub commander ntawm lub pab tub rog coj los ntawm tus neeg lub militia. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub monument yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog bas-reliefs.

feature duab

Hauj lwm ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky hais tias Minin daim duab attracts xim nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Nws cov ntaub ntawv lub semantic chaw ntawm lub monument. Nws nto moo piav tes piav taw Kuzma hu tag nrho cov neeg - tsis tsuas nws lub contemporaries, tab sis kuj rau yav tom ntej tiam - mus tiv thaiv lub teb chaws tawm tsam tej yam encroachment rau nws kev ywj pheej.

Zoo siab lub ntsej muag tsa ib txwm qhia tej lo nta portraits ntawm lub heroes ntawm antiquity. Tab sis txiav cov hwj txwv thiab "bracket" cov plaub hau qhia kom meej meej Lavxias teb sab, plebeian keeb kwm ntawm lub hero. Nws lub tsho, nyob rau hauv ib tes, thaj ib tug neeg pluag lub tsho poj niam. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog txuam nrog rau cov Greek tunic. Yog li, qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub ancient Lavxias teb sab thiab ancient lig kev cai. Qhov no ntxiv magnifies feat pej xeem heroes. Characteristically, nws yog commoner, townsman txiv neej xaiv lub sculptor rau puag muaj pes tsawg leeg. Haib npog tas ib ce, stride - tag nrho cov bursting nrog lub hwj chim, lub zog, kev tshoov siab, kev cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv lub rightness ntawm qhov ua rau nyob rau hauv nws lub npe tus hero sawv sib ntaus. Ntsia raws li ib tug monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky, thiab lub thib ob cim ntawm lub nyob tus yeees yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tsawg. Tub huabtais Dmitry Mikhailovich raug mob, tab sis tus hu Minin tsis tawm nws tsis muaj ab tsi. Pozharsky nqa los ntawm lub txaj, ib tug tes clutching nws rab ntaj, tus lwm yam so rau lub ntaub thaiv npog. Nws gestures kuj nquag, ob txhais tes muaj lub siab nyiam thiab kev txiav txim. Ib tug daim duab ntawm tus Cawm Seej rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib pom zoo rau qhov kev dawb huv ntawm lub heroism ntawm lub defenders ntawm Moscow thiab Russia. Ntaj nyob rau hauv ib tug duab puab - tsis tsuas riam phom, tab sis kuj yog ib tug cim ntawm cov tub rog kev ua siab loj, txoj kev sib sau ntawm dee thiab kev xav ntawm cov cim, awakening rau pem cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teev ntawm cov teeb meem thiab kev tsov kev rog xyoo.

Tus thawj bas

Sau ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky - lub sculptor Ivan Martos. Lub hauv paus ntawm nws ua hauj lwm nws dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ob tug allegorical reliefs. Ntsej muag hais txog yuav ua li cas Minin sau donations rau cov neeg pab tub rog. Sau portrayed mournful thiab majestic poj niam daim duab nyob rau hauv lub headdress - neeg pluag thiab boyaryshen, muab lawv tus nqi rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog. Lawv txhos caug silhouettes symbolize lub ua los ntawm kev dawb huv. Txhawb lub tswv yim ntawm daim duab rau cov txiv neej. Nws yog leej txiv uas muab cov tub rog ob tug tub. Zaj dab neeg no ua tswvcuab tsis lo Martos. Monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky ua koomtxoos nco txog ib tug ntau yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab riam phom - qhov Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812. Nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, Kutuzov tiv thaiv thiab tua ib tug ntawm cov tub ntawm lub sculptor. Depicting ib tug scene niam txiv foom koob hmoov rau, sau ntawm cov monument tseem ceeb rau hauv sab ntsuj plig kev twb kev txuas thiab laaj ntawm tiam, lub glorious kev lig kev cai ntawm kev kawm. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug bas-relief tsaug inscription.

Qhov thib ob bas-relief

Qhov thib ob bas-relief ntawm lub sculptor ntawm lub monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky nplooj siab sib ntaus sib tua scenes. Nws pleev xim rau scenes ntawm sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog coj los ntawm tub huabtais, nws nees tsuj hooves ntawm Polish cov tub rog. Lawv khiav nyob rau hauv ceeb thiab saib rov qab rau lub siab tawv, teem thiab siab tawv ntsej muag militias. Yog li ntawd nws qhia tau hais tias lub liberation ntawm Moscow. Qhov no bas-relief, zoo li lub yav dhau los ib tug, tag nrho ntawm puab, qhia thiab authenticity ntawm lub neej. Tab sis, txog nrov puag feat Russians Martos tseem nyob rau lub ntsej muag ntawm lub chaw nrhiav nyiaj txiag tsis nyob ntev.

keeb kwm hauv paus

Thiab tam sim no ib tug ob peb lo lus hais txog hais tias, hais txog dab tsi yog ib tug monument rau Minin thiab Pozharsky. Moscow pib deb XVII caug xyoo. Nwg ntxhuv sab lub sij hawm raws li lawv hu ua nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Ivana Groznogo thiab Boris Godunov, lub teb chaws, tsis muaj zog txaus los ntawm boyar intrigues rau lub zwm txwv thiab lub hwj chim, uas muaj tuaj ib tidbit rau cov yeeb ncuab ntawm lub tebchaws no,, Swedes thiab Germans. Txawm hais tias lawv thawj ntxeem tau, coj los ntawm tus cuav Dmitri, twb nyob rau hauv yeej, kev thaj yeeb thiab nyob ntsiag to tsis tuaj mus rau Lavxias teb sab teb chaws. 1610 yog ib tug tig taw tes nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus. Thaum nyob rau hauv lub "council ntawm xya" ua ntej lub Tug tau ces muab pov tseg qhib lub rooj vag ntawm Moscow thiab kos npe rau ib daim ntawv cog lus mus rau lub nceeg vaj Vladislava Sigizmundovicha, Minin thiab Pozharsky sib sau ua ke cov neeg, cov tub rog thiab txuag lub Fatherland. Thawj sau nyiaj rau lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog, lub thib ob taws los ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg, coj mus rau kev sib ntaus. Hais txog 3 xyoo ntawm khaus tsov rog culminated nyob rau hauv lub yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab caj npab. Zog ntawm Guj kuj tau txais kev cawmdim.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub monument

Lub tswv yim kom paub cov duab puab ua nco txog hnub lub liberation ntawm Russia los ntawm cov Polish ntxeem tau belongs rau cov tswv cuab ntawm lub "Free Society of Neeg nyiam heev ntawm Literature, Science, thiab cov Arts." Nyob rau hauv 1803 lawv txhim tsa rau monument fundraiser. Chiv xav rau nruab ib cov duab puab nyob rau hauv Nizhny Novgorod - lub teb ntawm lub militia. Huab tais Alexander tau pom zoo rau lub tswv yim thiab muab ib tug decree siab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tej yaam num. Ntawm cov contestants tshaaj lawv tus kheej versions ntawm lub monument, tus khiav ua rau undoubted Martos. Muab qhov enormous ideological thiab patriotic tseem ceeb ntawm peb tes num, lub siab tshaj plaws hais kom ua tau txiav txim siab mus nrhiav kom tau tus muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab Nizhny - obelisk ntawm marble. Tom qab lub yeej nyob rau hauv lub ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev tsim muaj ntau zog ntxiv. Thaum lub unveiling twb muaj ib tug ceremonial parade. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws decorates Moscow - Russia tus thawj monument rau lub liberator ntawm cov neeg!