"Hais ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib raug zoo tej teeb meem" (Ralf Dahrendorf). Raws li tus sau ntsuas tau uas muaj teeb meem kev tswj?

"Ib tug haiv neeg nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog tsis muaj teeb meem, yog doomed degradation." Qhov no yog txoj hauj lwm coj Ralf Dahrendorf - paub German-British sociologist. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv uas muaj teeb meem - nws yog tsis tooj mus rau lub qub kev loj hlob ntawm lub xeev ntawm lub neej, thiab sau txog nyob rau hauv "Hais ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib raug zoo sib haum xeeb." Raws li tus sau ntsuas tau uas muaj teeb meem kev tswj, sim kom paub tseeb tam sim no.

muaj teeb meem

Raws li tej lus qhia Dahrendorf, haiv neeg - ib tug system uas yog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm qhov kev hloov vim lub tsis sib haum sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo pab pawg. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "hais ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib raug zoo tej teeb meem," tus paub txog yuav qhia Marx qhia tias tag nrho cov contradictions tshwm sim ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv. Nrog tsuas yog ib qho kev hloov: yog hais tias ua ntej lawm tsis sib haum raws li nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag postulates, lawv tam sim no hais txog mus rau sab xis ntawm cov tswv cuab thiab subordination.

Dahrendorf rau lub rov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib raug teeb meem preceded by peb theem:

1. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm causal tom qab. Uas yog, muaj kev txaus siab uas yog txwv rau txhua lwm yam. Lawv yog cov tseem tsis kom meej meej cim, li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau hu ua thaum (latent), tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, muaj tej pawg me me uas xav tau ib tug tej yam txoj hauj lwm.
2. Khiav. Rau ntawm no theem, cov pab pawg neeg cov neeg paub hais tias txhawb sib txawv hom phiaj.
3. Tej teeb meem. Ib tug ncaj clash ntawm lub warring ob tog.

Zaum ntseeg tau hais tias qhov teeb meem yuav yeej ib txwm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg, tab sis koj muaj peev xwm tsis caij no. Cai ntawm kev tsis sib haum yuav tsum muab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv txhua txhua ya ntawm haiv neeg.

ntaub ntawv uas muaj teeb meem

Ua ntej peb yuav kawm tau li cas tus neeg sau ntsuas tau uas muaj teeb meem kev tswj, nws yog tsim nyog los npaj rau cov lus qhia hais txog dab tsi ntaub ntawv lawv muaj peev xwm kis tau.

Dahrendorf hais tias qhov teeb meem yuav tsum raug xam tias yog li qhov teev ntawm kev ua phem nyob rau hauv uas ib sab tiv thaiv nws txoj hauj lwm tej zaum yuav hem lub neej, thiab nyob rau lwm yam - ib tug teeb meem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus hais, hais tias yog, raws li raug cai qauv. Ntawm cov "ntsiab lus" yuav pom tov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem, xws li ntaus, ultimatums, kev sib tw thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Cov kev siv ntawm qhov teeb meem yog ncaj qha xwm yeem mus rau kev kawm teeb meem ntawm tseem ceeb rau cov neeg koom.

Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug football qws nyob rau hauv xaiv lub taub hau ntawm ib tug tsis sib haum, maj mam tig mus rau ib tug sib ntaus, ces nws yuav tsis tau dab tsi li mob raws li txos ntawm nyiaj ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub enterprise.

Qhov no yuav tsis tau ua

Tseem, tus sau ntsuas tau uas muaj teeb meem kev tswj? Ua ntej cov tswv yim rau qhov no qhov teeb meem, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias Dahrendorf tsis qhia kom siv rau kev daws kev tsis sib haum hluav, sau cia nws ineffectiveness.

Raws li yuav ua li cas koom sim quell lub tsis sib haum, raws li "phem" yuav. Thiab ces qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsausmuag txoj kev daws teeb meem tsuas yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm lub sij hawm. Hluav ntawm qhov teeb meem yuav siv tsis tau rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Txwv tsis pub, cov kev tshwm sim yuav tsum unpredictable.

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov hluav ntawm qhov teeb meem - lub tso tseg txoj kev. Hais tias yog, thaum twg nkag tau txoj cai, nrog kev cai ntawm lub tuam txhab, thiab hais txog. D. Nov yog lub social teeb meem yuav tsis tau kiag li eradicated.

Cai thiab tej teeb meem kev tiv thaiv

Cai implies tswj puab kev teeb meem thiab nws cov gradual poob. Cov kev vam meej tuav ntawm kev cai yog raws li nram no:

• Khiav. Txhua lub tog rau qhov teeb meem, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug sab nraum saib yuav tsum to taub lub hauv paus ua kom muaj ib tug tsis sib haum.
• Subject. Realizing qhov ua rau ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau mus sab laj txog lub ntsiab kev kawm ntawm qhov teeb meem thiab los daws qhov teeb meem no (nyob rau hauv loj heev zaum, sim me ntsis txo cov kev siv ntawm qhov fab ntxeev).
• Manifesto. Tuav ntawm tshwj xeeb lub cev thiab cov koom haum rau cov kev tsis sib haum ob tog nrog ib tug thov rau ib tug ntawv khi lus.
• "Cov kev cai ntawm qhov kev ua si." Nws yog tsim nyog los luag qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov neeg koom nyob rau hauv lub tsev lag luam ntawm "kev cai ntawm qhov kev ua si", raws li uas lawv yuav tsum tau los mus daws cov teeb meem.

Cov kev cai thiab tej kev cai yuav tsum ua ncaj rau tag nrho cov. Yog li ntawd, siv cov "kev ua si kev cai", Dahrendorf muaj ob peb txoj kev daws teeb meem:

1. Kev sib khom lus. Nws yuav lub creation ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb lub cev los yog lub koom haum nyob qhov twg cov kev tsis sib haum ob tog yuav tsum tau mus ntsib thiab civilized txoj kev los mus tiv thaiv lawv txoj haujlwm. Ua kev txiav txim siab rau thiab tawm tsam yuav tsum yog los ntawm nrov pov ntawv tawm suab.
2. Neeg Nruab Nrab. Qhov yooj yim cov kev xaiv: nyiam cov disinterested neeg sab nraud los pab daws tau qhov kev tsis sib haum.
3. Arbitration. Qhov teeb meem no yog tib yam li hais tias ntawm ib tug neeg tuaj daws kho, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug thib peb-tog tov yog yuav tsum tau.

Xav yuav ua li cas rau tus neeg sau ntsuas tau ntawm regulating qhov teeb meem, peb yuav tuaj mus rau nram qab no cov lus xaus: qhov teeb meem yog hais tias yuav lub tsav tsheb quab yuam qab qhov kev hloov, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov ua cim ntawm ib tug tej yam ntuj tso kev puas tsuaj, thiaj li muaj ib tug xav tau rau nws daws teeb meem.