Hais lus redundancy. Tautology, pleonasm

Ib tug ntawm cov teeb meem uas niaj hnub Philology - redundancy hais lus thiab nws cov insufficiency. Nws taw rau tus meager paub cov ntsiab lus, tsis muaj peev xwm kom meej meej qhia lawv cov kev xav. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog detrimental rau manifestation ntawm tus hais lus redundancy hauj lwm pib sau ntawv, sau xov xwm. Qhov loj ces nws muaj xws li rov qab ua dua lus, tautology thiab pleonasm.

Muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv ntawm lub hais lus uas tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm mus kho lawv yog ib tug guarantee ntawm ib tug competent, zoo nkauj thiab yooj yim nyeem. Txawm li cas los, tsis yeej ib txwm ib tug tautology thiab pleonasm - ntxhib hais lus kom raug. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, lawv yuav ua tau ib qho zoo heev ntawm txoj kev qhia thiab kev xav ua cov ntawv nyeem.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm kev hais lus uas tsis

Hais lus redundancy los yog redundancy, yuav cov kev hloov ntawm lub tib lub xav nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus thiab kev qhia. Lub ntsiab yam ntawm cov uas tsis muaj feem xyuam rau lexical tsis ua hauj lwm yog feem ntau ib tug tautology, thiab repetitions ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv kab lus. Cov hais lus uas tsis qhia ib tug uas tsis muaj theem ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm txoj kev xav expressiveness.

Hais lus uas tsis muaj xws li kev siv cov ntxiv lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus, lub splitting ntawm lub tswvyim, xws li ib qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv uas cov lus hais predicate yog hloov los ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm lus-nominal. Cuab piv txwv yog lub nram qab no kab zauv: yuav ua rau ib tug taug kev (taug kev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw), sib ntaus (sib ntaus sib tua ua ke). Nws tseem yog lub feem ntau uas tsis ces yuav tsum nyob rau hauv hais lus, lo lus yog cab: uas yog, zoo, hom, lwm yam ...

Rov qab lo lus raws li ib tug ntawm tus hais lus uas tsis

Heev feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntawv koj yuav nrhiav tau cov lus ua kom rov qab ua. Piv txwv li: "Cov ntawv xov xwm no yog luam tawm ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Sawv ntxov ntawv xov xwm xa mus rau lub khw. " Yog li ntawd sau yog tsis tau tso cai. Lo lus "daim ntawv" yog siv nyob rau hauv thawj thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kab lus, uas yog theej ntxhib suab yuam kev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov tseeb cov kua yuav los hloov nws nrog ib tug yaj los yog hais lo lus.

Rov lus ntawd hais tias tus sau yuav tsis kom meej meej thiab concisely articulate lawv cov kev xav, muaj ib tug meager cov ntsiab lus. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias tej zaum tus hais lus redundancy yuav tau justified. Nws yog tau muaj ib tug yawm stylistic pab kiag li lawm, uas tus sau qhia txog qhov no los yog hais tias lub tswv yim. Piv txwv li: "Lawv taug kev thiab taug kev thiab taug kev, tsis muaj ib hnub, tsis hmo ntuj." Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhia txog kev ua rov qhia tus txheej txheem lub sij hawm.

pleonasm

Lub sij hawm "pleonasm» (pleonasmos) yog txhais los ntawm Greek raws li "ntev", "surplus". Thiab kev siv cov txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv tus hais lus ntawm zoo xws li cov ntsiab lus, ntxiv lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus. Tiag tiag li piv txwv Pleonasm yuav muaj nyob rau hauv xws ua ke:

1. "Lub teeb pojniam plaub hau daj tuaj rau kuv."
2. "Nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev, lawv pom ib tug tuag lub cev tuag."
3. "Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv silence, tsis muaj ib lo lus."
4. "Roj yog heev oily."
5. "Nws sau tau nws autobiography."
6. "Nws yog xav nyob rau hauv ib tug dawb txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab."
7. "Basil poob down."
8. "Peb yog treading lawv teb chaws nrog lawv ko taw".

Tag nrho cov proposals yog overloaded nrog ruaj tshiab los pleonasm. Yog li ntawd, pojniam plaub hau daj, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub teeb, lub autobiography yog derived ntawm ob Greek lus thiab txhais tau hais tias sau zaj dabneeg ntawm nws tus kheej lub neej, thiab hais txog. D.

Zoo li lwm yam kev hais lus redundancy pleonasm yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm ib tug tsis muaj kev kawm ntawv ntawm tus neeg, ib tug heev meager cov ntsiab lus. Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj txog lawv cov lus. Thiab kuj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm mus nrhiav thiab kho kom raug txuam nrog kev siv ntawm kev hais lus pleonasm.

tautology

Lub sij hawm tautology yog muaj li ntawm ob Greek lo lus. Tus thawj - tauto - txhais tau tias "tib", qhov thib ob - logos - «lo lus." Txhais raws li ib tug repetition ntawm tib lub hauv paus lo lus los yog morpheme nyob rau hauv cov kab lus. Feem ntau cov philologists hais tias ib tug tautology yog ib hom ntawm pleonasm.

Nws kuj zoo nkaus li tus hais lus redundancy. Piv txwv ntawm no phenomenon yog cov lus hais nyob rau hauv cov nram no yog tej nqe lus: qhia rau ib zaj dab neeg nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb npav fleet yog tsheb npav, thiab lwm yam Muaj kuj muab zais tautology, thaum cov kab lus yog kev cob cog rua rau Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws lo lus nrog ib tug uas zoo sib xws, zoo tib yam nqi ... Piv txwv li: thawj debuted, sab hauv, lus dab neeg, nws autobiography.

Kev siv cov style

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tus hais lus redundancy, piv txwv uas yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, yog tsis ib txwm ib tug hais lus yuam kev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm tus siv ntawm pleonasm thiab tautology nws yuav pab ntxiv dag zog rau cov hauj lwm zoo thiab kev xav kev hais lus, mus sab laj txog aphoristic utterances. Kws ntawv-humorist cov uas tsis yog siv los tsim puns.

Ntawm no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas plays lub suab redundancy thiab nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm ib tug tautology:

1. Siv kev hais lus protagonists mus sab laj txog qhov kev txom nyem ntawm nws cov lo lus, tsis muaj kev kawm ntawv.
2. Lug txhim khu lub siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no los yog lub sij hawm ntawd, highlight tej yam tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem.
3. Siv tautological repetitions rau accentuate cov kev siv los yog ntev ntawm kev txiav txim. Piv txwv li: "Peb sau thiab sau."
4. Siv Pleonasm mus sab laj txog los yog hais hauv kev kawm ntawm ib tug kos npe rau, nws tus cwj pwm.
5. Muaj ib tug hais lus redundancy kuj yuav siv tau rau xa mus rau loj accumulations ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li: "Thiab qhov txhia chaw phau ntawv, cov phau ntawv, cov phau ntawv ...".
6. Siv rau kev tsim puns. Piv txwv li: "Cia kuv tsis muaj nyiaj."

Nco ntsoov tias feem ntau tautology thiab pleonasm pom nyob rau hauv dab neeg. Piv txwv li: Ib zaug thaum ib lub sij hawm, txoj kev, walkway, thaj nws tsis zoo li xav tsis thoob, Wonderworks, kev tu siab tu siab. Lub hauv paus ntawm feem ntau idiomatic Oboro, sayings yog ib tug tautology: me dua cov lwm yam, kuv yeej tsis tau hnov txog hom saib, taug kev co, jambalaya, iab kev tu siab, Sydney zaum.

Normative siv tus neeg mob

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, pleonasm thiab tautology yuav ua tau normative. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim thaum koj tsis xav nyob rau hauv cov kab lus semantic overload. Yog li ntawd, muaj yog tsis muaj redundancy ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus: dawb, dub number case. Yog vim li cas tsis yog yooj yim. Tom qab tag nrho, cov khaub ncaws yuav tsum txho, thiab daj. Thiab number case yuav tsum yog dub thiab xiav, ntsuab, xim liab.

tshawb pom

Ib yam ntawm cov loj yuam kev hais tias tau feem ntau yuav pom nyob rau hauv hais lus thiab sau ntawv - hais lus redundancy. Tautology thiab pleonasm - lub ntsiab yooj nws ces hais tias taw tes rau lub paucity cov lus, cov neeg pluag cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov lexical phenomenon yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv los ua ib tug kaj, muaj yeeb yuj paintings, xaiv ntawm ib tug kev xav.

Rau tej educated neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm journalism los yog xav nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv phau ntawv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm ib tug pleonasm thiab tautology, nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm mus kho lawv kom cov ntawv nyeem yog ib qho yooj yim mus nyeem. Hais lus redundancy thiab tsis muaj kev paub cov ntsiab lus yuav ua rau qhov kev nthuav qhia uninteresting khoom mus rau ib tug dav pawg neeg.