Formic acid

Formic acid (E 236, methanoic acid) muaj xws li monocarboxylic acids (nyeem) yog nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lub tshuaj yog ib tug tsis muaj kob kua. Cov tshuaj mis ntawm formic acid HCOOH.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau nws cov acid yam ntxwv, nws qhia tau hais tias qhov zoo thiab aldehydes. Qhov no yog vim tus qauv ntawm cov E236 khoom.

Cov lawm tshwm sim tshuaj nyob rau hauv nettles, koob, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, caustic thiab muv muaj kua thiab ntsaum. Formic acid twb xub tshwm sim thiab piav nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Nws tshuav nws lub npe mus rau ib tug yeeb tshuaj, vim hais tias nws twb pom nyob rau hauv lub ntsaum.

Feem ntau, cov kev tivthaiv yog siv raws li ib tug preservative thiab antibacterial neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub fodder. Tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm formic acid slows cov hniav lwj thiab putrefaction. Uas yog vim li cas lub silage thiab quav nyab kho nrog no yeeb tshuaj, mob ntev. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Lub dyeing wool (mordant) raws li bleach rau daim tawv nqaij tanning, nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm cab nyob rau hauv apiculture li ib tug hnyav thaum lub sij hawm ib co ntawm lub tshua kuj siv formic acid.

Cov tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm lub substance muaj qhia raws li ib tug muaj nuj nqi ntawm concentration. Nyob rau hauv raws li cov EU kev faib tawm, cov ntau muaj pes tsawg leeg uas mus txog rau 10% onovozdeystvuet annoyingly, ntau tshaj 10% - corrosive rau.

100% formic acid (kua) nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tawv nqaij provokes heev heev kev kub nyhiab. Txawm ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm nws nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug concentration ntawm lub hau ua rau mob heev. Lub cheeb tsam cov thawj pib tig dawb li yog hais tias them nrog te ces yuav zoo ib yam li cov ciab. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hlawv cheeb tsam no yog tsim los ntawm ib tug ciam teb liab liab. Acid yuav sai sai mus rau lub cutaneous roj txheej, li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog kom sai li sai tsim ntxuav lub cheeb tsam cov.

Feeb meej khub ntawm tshuaj muaj peev xwm ntawm ua kev puas tsuaj rau lub pa ib ntsuj av tau thiab lub qhov muag. Tsoo lub sab hauv, txawm nyob rau hauv diluted daim ntawv no, methane acid ua mob loj heev Gastroenteritis necrotic xwm.

Lub cev sai sai los ntseeg thiab qhia cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Txawm li cas los, nrog rau qhov no, E236 thiab formaldehyde, uas yog tsim nyob rau ntawm ib tug lom nrog methanol, ntxias txhab nyob rau hauv lub optic paj, ua rau cov dig muag.

muravtinoy acid ntsev yog formates lub npe. Cua sov nrog concentrated sulfuric acid ua rau E236 degradable nyob rau hauv H2O thiab CO uas yog siv los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide.

Industrially npaj formic acid los ntawm sodium hydroxide thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide.

Lub ib kub npau npau taw tes substance 100,7, cia kom khov - 8,25 degrees.

Thaum chav tsev tej yam kev mob E236 decomposes rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab dej. Raws li kev sim evidences, lub dag lub zog methane tshaj acetic acid. Txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov muaj peev xwm mus sai heev thuam xub thawj, nws yog siv raws li ib tug hnyav yog tsis tshua muaj tsis tshua muaj.

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias E236 yog heev hygroscopic. Thaum lub sij hawm thwmsim nws twb pom hais tias cov ntau lawm ntawm anhydrous formulation los ntawm kev siv dehydrating reagents yog tsis tau.

Formic acid invalid kev sib cuag nrog noo cua.

E236 purity siab tshaj 99% yuav tsum npaj kom txhij los ntawm ib tug aqueous tov, siv ib tug ob-theem distillation uas siv cov butyric acid. Tus thawj distillation eliminates rau tej dej. Lub residue yuav muaj kwv yees li 77% -th substance. Yog xav thov nws playout 3 - 6 lub sij hawm tus nqi ntawm cov butyric acid nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug azeotropic sib tov.

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm qhib ib lub taub ntim nrog E236 yuav tsum tshwj xeeb ceev faj. Thaum khaws cia formic acid tseem ceeb siab yuav tsum generated tshaj ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov hlab.