Extraversion - tias ... Principles of Psychology. Lub scale ntawm introversion, extroversion

Psychologists los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub tsim ntawm no science tau sim cais cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus tib neeg tus raws li tej yam. Ib tug xws li kev faib yog lub hom npau, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv tus neeg cov yam ntxwv ntawm poob siab system. Swiss psychologist Carl Jung npaj ib tug txawv qauv, raws li nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm psychic zog. Los ntawm no taw tes ntawm view 2 tus kheej nqis tau lawm tias:

• extraversion;
• introversion.

Qhov xwm ntawm no phenomenon

By txhim kho nco qab hais relation to cov khoom los yog lub ntiaj teb no. Introversion thiab extroversion - yog puas siab puas ntsws txoj kev ntawm tib neeg adaptation mus rau lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, nrog rau cov ob qhov chaw yog tsis cim rau tib neeg. Raws li Jung, txhua yam nyob rau hauv qhov yog muab faib ua 2 pab pawg. Nta ntawm thawj - mus rau ib tug muaj feem yuav muaj tu tub tu kiv, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug tsawg ntev ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg thiab cov uas qaug zog defensive muaj peev xwm. Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg sawv cev rau cov tib neeg uas nws tus kheej-sufficiency nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm preservation, tab sis qhov no suffers los ntawm cov theem ntawm fertility. Nws tsis yog li ntawd tsis yooj yim rau to taub hais tias extraversion - qhov no yog tus thawj hom cwj pwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm, lub essence ntawm cov uas yog lub tu tub tu kiv thiab dispersal ntawm nws lub zog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia, thiab introversion - lub thib ob, tus neeg no defends nws tus kheej tawm tsam tej yam influences los ntawm sab nraum, thaum siv ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub zog.

Extroverts paj yog raws kev coj kom lub ntiaj teb sab nraum. Nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug kwv nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pab lwm tus neeg thiab tej khoom. Yog li nws ua lub thiaj li hu ua lwm kev muaj tiag. Rau introverts txaus siab yog lawv cov kev kaj siab lug - puab kev muaj tiag.

Cov yam ntxwv extroverts

Paub cov qauv rau kev psychology, peb yuav kom meej meej delineate cov yam ntxwv xam qhovkev rau ib tug cwm pwm yam. Rau cov extroverted nram qab no yog muaj tseeb:

• lub neej revolves nyob ib ncig sab nraud khoom;
• tus nqi ntawm cov khoom uas sib txuas lus lub siab zoo ntawm tus txiv neej ntawm lub nce;
• muaj peev xwm khoom kev sib raug zoo;
• neeg rau nws tas, raws li cov tsuas kwv uas soj;
• txij li thaum cov neeg muaj nuj nqis rau extrovert tsawg, ces nws nws los txhim kho;
• txawm lub boost ntawm lub zog, extroverted log sai sai. Vim lub high school lub nqi zog ntawm kev sib txuas lus, lawv xav kom nyob twj ywm ib leeg.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm introverts

Nyob rau hauv lem, ib tug introvert yuav tsiag ntawv los ntawm hauv qab no nta:

• abstracting ntawm tus kwv, piv txwv li otvlekanie libido los ntawm nws;
• Cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog ntawm lub puab ntiaj teb no, tam sim ntawd los ntawm cov tiag tiag;
• cov neeg pom tus;
• feem ntau cov khoom yog hostile mus rau lub introvert;
• Tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej rau xws li ib tug neeg siab heev, ces nws yuav tau txo nws tus nqi, thiaj li tsis tau txuas mus rau lawv;
• Yog hais tias ib tug introvert tsis koom nrog lub active txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas lus, lub introvert pom tau tias txig nyob rau hauv nrov tuam txhab uas muag.

nrog motives

Raws li Jung, extraversion - qhov no candor, muaj, muaj peev xwm tau txais nrog rau lwm tus neeg, ib qho yooj yim adaptability rau qhov teeb meem no. Natura nrog hom cwm pwm sai sai tsim kev sib raug zoo ties thiab kev hlub, yog li yooj yim xa me nyuam rov misgivings thiab kev ntshai. Nyob rau hauv ib qho txawv txawv qhov teeb meem no extrovert yooj yim nyuab pheej hmoo endeavors.

Introversion yog yus muaj los ntawm ib paab oscillating xwm, nyhav qho. Xws li ib tug neeg yuav kom kuv tus kheej deb ntawm tus kwv thiab yog yuav luag ib txwm nyob rau lub defensive.

Cov tsav tsheb quab yuam rau xaav, kev txiav txim thiab extrovert kev ua yog lwm yam. Whereas lub introvert yog lub antithesis ntawm no qhov xwm ntawm yam. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm ib tug extrovert, cov neeg uas muaj ib tug txawv hom ntawm tus yog boring thiab yooj yim kom paub tseeb tseeb, spoiling lub Library uas txhua leej txhua tus lwm tus. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib tug introvert uas nyhav self-txaus, hlub cov neeg uas muaj cov lus rov hom puas siab puas ntsws teeb raws li ib tug capricious, ces dag bums, uas yog lossi sim nyiam xim nyob rau hauv tej txoj kev tau.

Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm introversion thiab extraversion

Kev puas siab ntsws Gans Ayzenk coj kev cai lij choj, raws li uas tus qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm yuav tsiag ntawv los ntawm ob yam tseem ceeb: Cov xeeb ceem (extraversion / introversion) thiab kuj. Qhov no system tso cai rau koj los mus txiav txim lub hom meej txaus siab luv thiab orientation. Yog li extroversion / introversion yuav decomposed rau hauv 8 txawv qauv.

Hais txog Cov xeeb ceem peb tham ib tug me ntsis ntau dua, li ntawd, peb yuav tsis nyob rau lawv dua. Ntau npaum li cas nthuav nyob rau hauv no hais txog yog kev ntsuas ntawm neuroticism. Raws li tau teev los ntawm Eysenck, siab luv nyob precisely rau lub stability ntawm ib tug neeg. Yog li, thaum muaj kev kub neuroticism txiv neej txawv tsis txaus ntawm cov kev xav, xav tsis khov thiab lability ntawm lub autonomic lub paj hlwb. Tus neeg nrog hom yog ib tug neeg excitable, nrog ib tug yam ntxwv variation ntawm mus ob peb vas, suspiciousness, sluggishness thiab indecision. Thaum lub opposite ncej neuroticism yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg nrog kev xav stability, tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab txiav txim.

luv

Nplai-introversion extroversion thiab tsis khov-stability yog ywj siab thiab bipolar. Hais tias yog, nws yog ua tau kom tau raws li ib tug introvert thiab ib tug extrovert zoo li uas muaj neuroticism thiab tsawg. Nta ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav tsum xav txawv. Feem ntau cov neeg muaj yam ntxwv uas muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Eysenck scale. Muaj zog deb mus rau lub tug qhia ib tug sib txawv ntawm qhov phem tus nqi, thiab yog li, cov heev ntawm tus kheej cov khoom.

Nyob rau hauv pom ntawm qhov ntsuas no muaj plaub hom li cas yuav deduce ib tug ncaj qha kev sib raug zoo. Piv txwv li, thaum tsiv raws cov kab rov tav axis ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis tsub kom extraversion - qhov no qhia cov qib uas qhib siab dawb paug ntawm tus txiv neej. Ntsug axis ntawm lub qab-up koj yuav pom ib tug txo nyob rau hauv stability.

Raws li Eysenck temperaments yuav piav raws li nram no:

• choleric - tsis ruaj tsis khov, extroverted;
• sanguine - ruaj khov extroverted;
• melancholic - insecure, introverted;
• phlegmatic neeg - ib tug neeg twg, introverted.

Introversion-extroversion - xeem

Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los yog txiav txim lub hom puas siab puas ntsws cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg, nws yog tsim nyog los tig mus rau ib tug psychologist, uas nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ob peb ntsuam xyuas muaj peev xwm feem ntau yog muaj txhais nws. Rau ib tug ceev daim tshev yuav ua rau kev siv ntawm ntau yam questionnaires, muaj nyob rau ntawm lub Internet los yog thematic ntaub ntawv. Lawv cia koj mus kwv yees offhand cwm pwm thiab tus neeg orientation.

Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias cov neeg ntawm xws ntsuam xyuas muaj peev xwm muaj nyob rau hauv view ntawm txaus complexity txiav txim psycho. Tom qab tag nrho, extraversion - uas tsis yog ib txwm siab qhib hom neeg. Muaj yog ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm "cov kauj ruam" puas siab puas ntsws teeb. Yog li, nws yog muaj tiag kom tau raws li lub introvert, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm sociability thiab qhib siab dawb paug thiab, on qhov tsis tooj, kaw extrovert.

xaus

Tab sis yog hais tias raws li nws tej zaum yuav, nyob rau extraversion xeem yuav qhia hais tias tus txawj thiab weaknesses ntawm tus neeg ob tog. Nws yog ib feem muaj kev txhawj xeeb nrog cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm excitability, uas ncaj qha muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev ceev ntawm xaav thiab kev kawm. Paub txog tib neeg psycho tso cai ntxiv rau xaiv hom ntawm kev ua si thiab txoj hauj lwm, raws li zoo li pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsis sib haum thaum soj ntsuam nrog ib tug neeg kiag li rov qab hom.