Duab Stoltz nyob rau hauv "Oblomov" tshiab: fiasco Goncharova los yog muaj tswv yim foundations?

Koj Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov classic nyob rau hauv lub conception ntawm tus tshiab "Oblomov," Stolz duab portrayed nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev. Exhaustively kom meej meej qhia no txawj critic Nikolay Aleksandrovich Dobrolyubov. Lub tswv yim ntawm cov duab, nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, - ib tug tshiab tus txiv neej muaj peev xwm contemporaries qhia "yuav ua li cas". Coj tswv cuab ntawm lub St Petersburg Academy ntawm Sciences Potters rau yav dhau los kaum xyoo, ua tib zoo, cov kauj ruam yog kauj ruam, sau ntawv ib tug tshiab, uas solved qhov tseem ceeb ua hauj lwm. Nws yog tseeb hais tias cov kev hloov ntawm lub feudal cov me nyuam yaus ntawm haiv neeg mus rau hauv bourgeois nom tswv cajceg definitively poob nws aura ntawm progressiveness.

Tus tshiab "hero ntawm peb lub sij hawm"?

Kawm txawj sau ntawv tau tsis pom nyob rau hauv Pushkin duab nobleman Evgeniya Onegina, Lermontov tus tsis muaj txoj kev Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina lub teeb ua raws li. Cov cim tau los ua ib tug sau ntawv thiab keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai yog tsim ib tug ntshiab, unfilled niche tsis muaj leej twg tsis muaj dab tsi. Keeb kwm, thiab cov pej xeem txaus siab ntawm ib tug tshiab tob tob ntsia yog nyob rau hauv coob, tshiab cov tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua, ib tug tshiab kev txheej ntawm cov neeg - commoners. Tsis muaj pub "xiav ntshav", cov neeg no twb brilliantly kawm ntawv, amazingly npaum, nkag tau rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev loj hlob thiab txav mus rau lawv. Nws yog ib tug hero uas yuav tsis yuav hais tau kom compatriots 'rau pem hauv ntej', cov duab Stolz ua "Oblomov" tshiab.

Goncharov nrog lub siab tshaj plaws clarity, cia li tib nyem yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv nws cov tshiab qualities uas fundamentally distinguishes nws los ntawm Onegin thiab Pechorin. Nyob rau hauv no classic nws qhia tias cia li tib "caj" nws sib txawv: txawv hom phiaj, dee, kev ua si, qhov tseem ceeb rau ib tug neeg. Qhov ntawd qhia tau hais tias qhov no Ivan Alesandrovich keeb kwm Stolz. Nws txiv, Ivan Bogdanovich Stolz tuaj nyob rau hauv Russia thiab ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug tub qhe los ntawm kev tswj lub qub txeeg qub tes. meej pem. Andrei niam - kawm Lavxias teb sab poj niam, ib tug txiv neej zoo ntawm sab ntsuj plig outlook, uas belongs rau lub theej cov neeg pluag hauv chav kawm ntawv. Duab Stoltz nyob rau hauv "Oblomov" tshiab qhia. Goncharov li "sculpts" lub essence ntawm tus neeg ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub German zoo-qhia kev kawm ntawv, kev cog lus, efficiency, kev ua, thiab Lavxias teb sab sab ntsuj plig lub ntiaj teb no (Andrey Shtolts - Orthodox), qhib siab dawb paug thiab cordiality ntawm nws cov phooj ywg, propensity rau conformity rau domestic kev txiav txim "nyob rau lub Lavxias teb sab ua cim."

Stolz - ib tug active tug tswv cuab ntawm cov haiv neeg

Andrey Shtolts los ntawm nws tus thawj xib fwb - kuv txiv tau txais ua ke nrog thawj hom kev kawm, tseem ceeb tshaj: ib tug proactive stance. Ces -universitetskoe kev kawm ntawv. Ces - nws ua ib tug ci ntsa iab hauj lwm (thiab txawm mus txog 32-33 xyoo). Peb kawm tau hais tias, raws li qhov qeb duas, qhov tshwm sim yog sib npaug rau cov nyob qib Colonel nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj teb. Stolz duab nyob rau hauv tus tshiab "Oblomov" - yog ob qho tib si ib tug kws lij choj thiab businessman. Nws multiplies tenfold nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos nws txiv lub capital. Nyob rau hauv nyiaj laus, nws yog kev vam meej nyob rau hauv ua lag ua luam, skillfully qhia ib tug trading lub tuam txhab thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Western teb chaws Europe, thiab nyob rau hauv Russia nws tus kheej. Ntxiv mus, qhov tseeb hais tias Stolz attracted rau peb tes num kev loj hlob, rawsli los ntawm cov fact tias nws lug txhawb cov miv mloog nws kev xav thiab tswv yim.

Stolz qhov tseem ceeb kev phooj ywg, tsev neeg kev sib raug zoo

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus ua lag ua luam kev txawj ntse Andrey Ivanovich - ib tug loyal phooj ywg. Nws tsis muab pov rau lawv Ilya Oblomov. Nws yuav pab zoo tsis muaj tswv yim, hais lus khw. Nws tswj kom cia tau tub nkeeg thiab sluggard tawm ntawm Petersburg qhov, hais tias nws pom cov neeg sib txuas lus, nrhiav tau ib tug poj niam uas yuav hloov nws lub neej. Thaum xub thawj, nws yuav zoo li, Stolz txoj kev npaj ua hauj lwm: Oblomov poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Olgu Ilinskuyu. Nws kuj nyob rov ua phem rau tus cwj pwm txawv. Txawm li cas los, nyuam qhuav sprouted xav tau kev hlub zoo li ib tsob ntoo, dej yog tsis tsuas cov kev taw ntawm tus ntsuj plig, tab sis kuj zoo, romantic deeds thiab kev ua. Thiab hais tias yog cia li nws, Ilya Ilyich yog tsis. Tag nrho cov kev siv zog ntawm Andrei Ivanovich, aimed ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm lub neej tus khub, yog futile. Chim thiab Olga. Andrey, pom qhov wealth ntawm tus ntsuj plig thiab sab ntsuj plig lub ntiaj teb no pom tau hais ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov poj niam yuav Olga. Thaum Oblomov xyuas los ntawm tus kab mob no, qhov ob peb Stolz coj cov kev kawm ntawv ntawm nws tus tub, Andryusha.

Thuam duab Stolz

Txawm li cas los, qhov loj Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab critics, xws li Chekhov thiab Hnub Yug, feem ntau hnov admiration rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm Goncharova, sharply criticized txoj kev Stolz nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "Oblomov". Lawv pom hais tias qhov no cim tau tsis pab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Russia thiab hom phiaj, tag nrho nws cov kev ua ub no yog teem rau lawv tus kheej noj qab nyob zoo. Nws -individualist uas ua nws theories, thiab tsis mloog mus rau lwm tus. "Cov neeg no yuav tsis muaj peev xwm cawm cov fatherland" - qhov no yog qhov hnyav kev txiav txim ntawm lub classics. Los ntawm txoj kev, Goncharov nws tus kheej txais tias lub tswv yim lwm cov duab no, tseem unfulfilled.

tshawb pom

Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab tias lub sij hawm yog lub sij hawm ntawm lub Titans Goncharova los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws ua hauj lwm yog soj ntsuam muaj tseeb classics ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws kev. Nws yog yog li ntawd yog los qhia lub ntsiab saum toj no, nyob rau hauv cov nram no txoj kev: lub duab ntawm Andreya Ivanovicha Shtoltsa organically woven rau hauv zaj dabneeg, nws teev tawm ib delicately Ilya Oblomov. Goncharovskiy ua si nyob rau contrasts ntawm cov dluab ntawm Oblomov thiab Stolz yuam thiab rog muaj coob tus neeg muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab re-ntsuam xyuas nws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj classic tshiab. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj tshaj artistic kev vam meej, uas mus txog rau cov kws ntawv Goncharov - "Oblomov". Duab Stolz plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug zoo sib piv rau lub cim tseem ceeb - ib qho ntawm feem kev "sloth" nyob rau hauv ntiaj teb no cov ntaub ntawv.