Cruiser - ib tug saum npoo warship: yam ntxwv, txoj hauj lwm. Lavxias teb sab Navy ships

Cruiser - ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm kev sib ntaus los nto ships uas yuav ua tau ntau yam kev pab raws qib nyob rau hauv offline hom, tsis hais txog ntawm lub ntsiab fleet. Tsis ntev los no, qhov no hom ntawm ships thawb lub neej coj qhov chaw ntawm lub fleet, muaj raws ntawm ob peb chav nyob, thiab lub tsev hais plaub teem rau ib qho kev hom lag luam (tsuas yog nyob rau impedance ntawm huab cua, cov av thiab hiav txwv hom ntawm cov yeeb ncuab khoom). Tam sim no siv los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy cruisers, lub US thiab Peru.

lus qhia dav dav

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov rog pib los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Lwm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv no hais txog, kuj sim mus kom txog. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm lub teb chaws USA, Fabkis, Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Nyiv thiab lub UK. Cruiser - yog ib tug ntawm lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub pab tub rog units, muab lub xeev sovereignty thiab los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tawm tsam. Txog ntsha fleet tsis tsuas yog muab cov kev tswj ntawm cov dej ciam teb rau lwm, tab sis kuj yog cov yuav txhawb tau lub teb chaws ib feem.

Nyob rau hauv Navy muab ntau kev pab raws qib. Cov lawv:

1. Txav kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub teb chaws.
2. Kev them nyiaj yug rau ntau yam humanitarian thiab kev tshawb fawb campaigns, tsis txhob hais qhov kev txaus siab ntawm lub xeev.
3. Ua sab hauv thiab ob leeg ce.

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog xws li ua oriented ships txwv kom muab zais los ntawm cov qib raws li lawv lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj. Cov chav kawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nyob rau hauv lem, yog subdivided rau hauv subcategories. Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub hom fais fab nroj tsuag, xaav, lo lus uas peb, muaj sij hawm ntxiv. Qib plaub ships muab nyob rau hauv Russia, lub siab tshaj plaws uas yog suav tias yog ua tus thawj. Xav txog thawj ntseg ib nyuag lus piav qhia txog lub hom phiaj thiab cruisers.

historic lub sij hawm

Lub tswvyim ntawm "cruiser" nyob rau hauv lub widest nkag mus rau hauv lub thib kaum xya xyoo pua. Qhov no lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov hnub meant sawv ntawm nws tus kheej ua luam dej chaw. Lub npe yog lawm aims los mus txiav txim lo lus uas peb ntawm lub nkoj, es nws cov qauv. By lawv tus kheej, lub nkoj yog me me, muaj ib tug kev ceev thiab maneuverability. Lawv tau siv rau reconnaissance, kev sib txuas lus, ib tug neeg txiav txim los tiv thaiv cov ib cheeb tsam thiab martial teeb meem.

Twb tau nyob rau lub 18th xyoo pua cruiser - ib tug frigate, uas, ua ke nrog compact qhov ntev muaj kev kub ceev. Nws muab tso rau ib tug artillery riam phom. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv pawg no yog cov corvettes, brigs, sloops, thiab txawm ib co kev hloov kho ua luam dej chaw.

Battlecruiser: tsim

Tej cov hlab ntsha yog dej num raws li hnyav nto ships. Lawv zoo li yog lub txiaj ntsim ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb maritime rooj sab laj muaj nyob rau hauv Washington. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub British tub rog hiav txwv rog, uas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov arsenal haib, npaum thiab kim heev counterparts ntawm lub "Hawkins" tom qab sim hloov cov cruisers los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub rooj sib tham hais rau cov me nyuam los tu ntawm tej yam kev txwv nyob rau hauv no hais txog. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, uas yuav tsum tau rau battlecruisers muaj nyiaj pab ntau tshaj xaav txog li 10 tons ntawm riam phom thiab caliber tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 203 millimeters.

ib tug tshiab treaty nrog kev koom tes ntawm lub tebchaws United States, Great Britain thiab Fabkis tau kos npe nyob rau hauv 1936. Raws li nws, nws txwv tsis pub tsim kho ntawm hnyav tsheb kom txog rau thaum 1942. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov sib ntaus sib tua cruiser pib muaj caj npab so, tsis tshua muaj xaav thiab tus nqi qis. Advantageously, nws yog hais txog kuaj xws li "New York", "county" thiab "Surrey".

Peb tseem tabtom mus tsim zoo xws li cov ships nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union. Txog ntsha hom "Kronstadt" twb tau mus nqa artillery riam phom caliber ntawm 305 millimeters thiab nruab nrog hnyav armor. Ob tug cruisers tau pw nyob rau hauv 1939, tab sis lub phaum ua tsov ua rog ntawm lawv siv tau tshem tawm.

NS.

Nuclear cruiser nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union tau sawv cev los ntawm plaub units ntawm peb tes num tooj 58 ( "qhov txaus ntshai"). Lawv tsim raws li lub ncuab, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1977 nyob rau hauv ntej faib seem kawm foob pob ua ntxaij ships. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm xyoo 1970 rau 1990 nws twb tsim rau nuclear Icebreaker "Arktika", feem ntau ntawm cov uas twb nyob rau hauv peb tes num los yog tau cov hloov dua siab tshiab rau lwm yam.

Cruiser "Slava" yog ib tug ntawm cov ships, uas tau txais ib tug tsawg series ntau lawm. Ib daim ntawv ua tau txog plaub lub xyoos. Lub cim tshiab ntawm lub Soviet fleet yog tsim los maneuver nyob rau hauv qhib dej hiav txwv dej. Lawv lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - lub confrontation cab kuj sib ntaus sib tua txib amphibious hom kev kawm, sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau ntau yam convoys thiab lub hwj chim txhawb nqa rau daim av thiab dej.

Cov yam ntxwv uas muaj nto warship "hwjchim ci ntsa iab":

• ntev / dav / cua ntsawj ntshab - 187/19 / 7.5 meters;
• powerplant - roj turbine xyaw;
• lub nkoj yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug platform rau muab launchers qeb "nto-rau-nto";
• riam phom - surfaced artillery, torpedoes tiv thaiv submarines, anti-aircraft phom thiab tshuab phom, tau rau peb xyaum? ib tug tub rog nyoob hoom qav taub.

khaub-ncaws nyias kev hloov kho

Lub teeb cruiser tshwm sim los ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thirties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Nyob rau nws yog ib tug ob peb yog vim li cas:

1. Nws yog yooj yim los mus ua raws li cov nyob lwm lub lav daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv equipping lub armed txog ntsha.
2. Lub nkoj ua ntau maneuverable thiab sai, yog li ntawd koj yuav siv nws los rau cov tshwj xeeb paub tab.
3. ib chav tsev muaj nqi tsis tshuam.

Navy ntawm lub Soviet Union ntxiv cruisers peb tes num 26. Cov ships yog tsim nrog kev koom tes ntawm Italian kws txawj txawv haib riam phom thiab zoo ceev. Tsis zoo muaj xws li tsis muaj Cruising ntau, tus uas tsis muaj theem ntawm booking thiab tsis muaj zog seaworthiness. Nyob rau hauv lub forties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov prototypes raug tsim ob peb cruisers Project 68 sib txawv nce kev ruaj ntseg thiab seaworthiness kev kawm.

Lavxias teb sab Navy ships

Ib tug niaj hnub fleet ntawm Russia yog ib tug txhim khu kev qha loj hlob kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv 2014, lub Navy tau txais tsib tshiab ships, peb submarines thiab dozens ntawm tej nkoj nquam rau txawv hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tsim thiab tsim tej yaam num uas xaiv yaam missile riam phom.

Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw rog muaj xws li:

• loj antisubmarine ships lo lus uas peb;
• sib ntaus sib tua cruisers;
• tub rog ncuab, raws li zoo raws li ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm tej nkoj nquam, txhais tau tias ntawm kev txhawb pab thiab cov txij nkawm.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub fleet yuav Iwj upgraded backup units. Ntawm lawv yog cov ob teb submarines, anti-submarine ships thiab ncuab.

Uas yauv ib tug facelift?

Nws yog npaj los txhim kho hnyav aircraft carrier "Admiral Kuznetsov". Nws yuav tsum rhuav launchers "Granite", uas yuav ua rau kom lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub aircraft hangar ntawm 4500 square meters. Arming ua kom nrov loj zenith ceg siv nqi nruab nrab ntau.

Modernization kuj yauv ships lub npe tis rau Admirals: "Nakhimov", "Ushakov", "Laxalau heev." "Petr Veliky" - ib tug hnyav cruiser yam, uas yog tseem npaj siab yuav txia los ntawm 2020. Tshiab advantageously cuam tshuam rau installation ntawm tshiab tub rog, kev txawj ntse thiab radar tshuab.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, kev pab them nqi rau txoj kev txhim kho yog nkoj tej yaam num №№ 877, 971, 945 ( "Halibut" "Pike", "barracuda", "Condor"). Tej zaum, lawv yuav muab nruab nrog niaj hnub antiaircraft systems thiab cuaj luaj. By thiab loj, nws yuav tsum universal warships teem rau confrontation nrog lub teb chaws, cov hiav txwv thiab cua rog ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Lub nkoj "Vasily Bykov"

Hom cruisers nyob rau hauv no series yog tsim los ncig kuaj xyuas nyiaj txiag cheeb tsam, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub hwv dej ciam tiv thaiv los ntawm pirate invasions, ib puag ncig xyuas, raws li zoo raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab cawm cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov no cruiser yog tau ua cov hauv qab no pab raws qib:

1. Tiv thaiv thiab nrog coj mus muag los yog tub rog cov hlab ntsha.
2. Ua saib xyuas thiab lub hom phiaj cawm.
3. Siv raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm kev kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsib xyoos tom ntej yuav tsum mus cuag 12 kev hloov kho. Qhov no Cruiser - ib lub nkoj, uas yog hu ua tom qab lub hero ntawm lub Soviet Union, Tsheb Admiral Vladimir Bykov.

prospects

Vim hnyav aircraft carrier twb launched nyob rau hauv 2005. Raws li lub hom phiaj, nyob rau hauv 2017 lub nkoj yuav tsum mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb Fleet. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev siv tsis tu ncua hloov tej yam kev mob thiab yuav tsum tau, uas coj mus rau ncua nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv 2013, lub layout tau tau pom hais tias xa Krylov State tshawb fawb Center thiab PKB "Nevsky".

Designers, nws twb hais tias muaj peb tej yaam num, tus nqi ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub neej yuav muaj txog li 130 billion rubles. Kwv yees li ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm qhov kev kuaj - 10 xyoo.

Tshiab ships ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy yuav muaj cov nram qab nta:

1. Muaj ib tug xaav ntawm 80 tons.
2. Nruab nrog plaub catapults thiab ib tug khub ntawm kickers.
3. Nruab nrog ob peb nqa.
4. Yuav tau kom haum raws li ob peb amphibious tsheb thiab nres helicopters.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ships yuav tsum ntsia radar system zoo xws li cov advanced analog "Mars-Passat", raws li zoo raws li txhawb systems thiab lwm yam kev radar.

nthuav lus tseeb

Cruisers keeb kwm qhia tau hais tias cov ships yog nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv lub Navy rau ob peb centuries. Niaj hnub nimno ships yuav ua tau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tub rog kev pab raws qib, raws li zoo raws li muab ntau yam pauv loj pab nyob rau hauv lub nyem ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab raug mob.

Lavxias teb sab fleet, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm tag nrho cov teeb meem, nws tseem nyob rau hauv lub leading txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov ntiaj teb no powers Navy. Npaj creation ntawm tshiab vessels nrog lub siab tshaj plaws kev ua tau zoo. Muaj ntau project tsis yog khaws cia tsis pub leejtwg paub. Txawm li cas los, nws yog lub npe hu hais tias ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev hloov kho yog raug tsim. Cov lawv:

• Patrol txog ntsha rau long-deb maritime tej qhov chaw (project tooj 11356).
• Tseeb frigates rau Dub hiav txwv.
• Lub destroyer "Thawj Coj".
• Aircraft cab kuj project KGNTS IMDS-2013.

Tag nrho cov designs yog nruab nrog qhov tseeb tiam ntawm cov khoom thiab riam phom, lawv yuav lwv nrog nto moo tshaj plaws txawv teb chaws counterparts.