Yuav ua li cas yog lub catabolism? Dab catabolism theem

Peb lub cev yog amazing system tau kom muaj ib tug ruaj khov kev twb kev txuas nrog cov ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog accomplished los ntawm metabolism los yog raws li nws yog hu ua, metabolism. Cov metabolism nws tus kheej yog muab faib ua ob qhov chaw: catabolism (zog metabolism) thiab anabolism (yas metabolism). Muaj coob tus neeg xav yuam kev rau cov tswv yim. Tab sis lawv yog fundamentally sib txawv. Cia peb kawm saib ua li cas catabolism.

Txawv catabolism los ntawm anabolism

Cov dab yog opposite rau hauv cov xwm. Anabolism - ib tug synthesis txheej txheem ntau yam los ntawm tej yam yooj yim. Thiab dab tsi yog qhov catabolism? Qhov no rov qab txheej txheem. Ib qho piv txwv yuav tau teem caij anabolism ntawm nqaij loj. Thiab raws li ib qho piv txwv rau cov catabolism yuav ua rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb tib neeg lub cev tshua.

Piv txwv li, muaj coob tus neeg hlub qos yaj ywm, txoj cai? Ib tug ntawm cov yooj yim tshuaj nyob rau hauv nws, tsim ib tug ntxiag saj, yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej. Qhov no tshuaj yog ib tug polysaccharide. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yog heev nyob rau hauv cov xwm carbohydrate. Raws li, nws muaj ib tug plurality ntawm lwm yam carbohydrates, thiab yuav decomposed rau hauv tsawg lub tebchaw. Thaum kawg ntawm lub hmoov txhuv nplej yog decomposed los ntawm lub cev mus rau piam thaj. Nws yog catabolism.

cawv catabolism

Ib tug thib ob piv txwv yog lub decomposition ntawm catabolism cawv rau acetic acid. Qhov no txoj kev yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob kauj ruam siv ob enzymes. Thawj - nws yog cawv dehydrogenase. Qhov no enzyme yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub catabolism ntawm ethanol rau acetaldehyde. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog tshuaj lom, ces nws yuav tsis nyob ntev rau hauv lub cev. Hais tias nws yog qhov ua rau ntawm ib tug hangover. Tab sis tsis yog lub point.

Qhov thib ob theem ntawm catabolism ntawm ethyl cawv - yog cleavage los ntawm cov enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase acetaldehyde rau acetic acid uas yog tas nyob rau hauv lub cev. Muaj ntau ntau lwm yam piv txwv ntawm catabolism. Piv txwv li, cov rog yuav cleaved rau glycerol thiab fatty acids, cov nqaijrog thiab - rau cov amino acids. Rau bodybuilders kawg zoo ntawm catabolism yog heev tsis kaj siab, raws li nws tsis tau nqaij loj.

Science catabolism

Catabolism yog npaj hais tias lub cev muaj peev xwm ua lub zog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tej yam khoom uas yog ua los ntawm lub cev, yog ib qhov chaw ntawm ATP - adenosine triphosphate. Qhov no tshwj xeeb molecule npaj rau cia, uas yog, tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub zog nyob rau hauv lub cev. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog haum xwb. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau tas li Iwj. Thiab qhov no yuav ua tau tsuas yog ib txoj kev - nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm catabolism. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ob peb ua sawv. Cia peb xav txog tag nrho cov theem ntawm catabolism.

Tus thawj theem

Thawj kauj ruam ntawm catabolism - yog muab los ntawm cleavage ntawm khoom noj khoom haus tshuaj nrog tshwj xeeb enzymes. Rau ib txhia tshuaj, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub enzyme yuav ua tau cov tshuaj hormones. Piv txwv li, qab zib cleaves insulin ua los ntawm lub pancreas. Yog li rau ib tug muab theem xwb tus yam ntxwv exotherm. Nws tsis ploj tsis muaj ib txoj lw.

Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog siv los tswj lub cev lub neej ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau theem. Thiab peb xav tias qhov no txheej txheem raws li cov preservation ntawm ib tug tej lub cev kub. Ntxiv mus, qhov no vajvoog heev nthuav. Tom qab catabolism tej zaum yuav nqa tawm tsuas yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug tej yam kub. Lub tshav kub yog ib yam hauv paus rau tag nrho cov tshuaj dab nyob rau hauv lub cev los yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Tus txheej txheem ntawm splitting ntawm tseem ceeb heev tshuaj yog heev, thiaj li tsis muaj ob theem yog indispensable.

thib ob txhais ceg

Qhov thib ob theem yog hu ua glycolysis. Rau ntawm no theem, nws undergoes cleavage ntawm qabzib. Qhov no txoj kev yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub cell cytoplasm. Raws li ib tug rau txim ntawm lub thib ob theem, 40% yog muab raws li ATP, thiab cov seem ntawm cov ua zog yog siv raws li thaum tshav kub kub. Feem ntau, thermoregulation nyob rau hauv lub cev, raws li peb pom, costing nws dearly. Muaj nuj nqis ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov zog ua yog siv cia li mus muaj ib txwm lub cev kub. Qhov no theem yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw tsis muaj kev koom tes los ntawm cov pa.

Qhov thib peb theem - Pa

Qhov no theem ntawm catabolism yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nrog lawv koom tes los ntawm cov pa. Nws nqa nyob rau hauv lub mitochondria, uas yog peb cov natural accumulators. Cov ntsiab ntawm peb lub cev yog heev me me, lawv tsis tau pom nrog tus liab qab qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov roj teeb yog muaj nyob rau hauv txhua ntawm tes, muaj peev xwm ntawm cov metabolism hauv. Thiab nws yog muaj ib tug cia hnab khib ATP. Thiab lub thib peb theem yog fastened kiag mus rau lub synthesis ntawm adenosine triphosphate.

Common txoj kev catabolism

General los ntawm catabolism tej zaum yuav hu ua lub teeb ntawm tej dab:

• Cov oxidation ntawm pyruvate rau acetyl-CoA. Qhov no txoj kev yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub cawv enzymes, txoj kev ua ib txheej nthuav lub npe "pyruvate dehydrogenase complex." Tab sis cov no yog cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog tiag tiag ib qho tseem ceeb cov txiv neej.
• Tom ntej no yog lub oxidation ntawm acetyl-CoA. Nws los ntawm tus thiaj li hu ua citric acid voj voog. Nws tseem hu ua lub Krebs voj voog. Qhov no tus txheej txheem yog ib tug tseem ceeb npaj rau cellular respiration. Tsis yog txhua txhua, ntawm chav kawm, tab sis tsuas yog cov uas siv oxygen. Nws yog los ntawm cov Krebs voj voog tom qab tsim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem rau txoj kev anabolism (synthesis) ATP, uas yog ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm lub zog nyob rau hauv lub cell.
• Tom qab no lub zog yog tso tawm, muaj yog nws txuam (txuam nrog). Qhov no yog vim lub dehydrogenation metabolites, uas tau muab tawm nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub yav dhau los ob dab ntawm catabolism. Needless dehydrogenation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub mitochondrial electron thauj saw hlau.

Cov kev ntawm catabolism yog qho tseem ceeb heev rau tib neeg beings. Yog tsis muaj lawv nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua nyob ua ib ke, txij li thaum lub ATP catabolism yog tso tawm zog, uas yog ces siv raws li ib tug universal tshuaj absorbed los ntawm peb lub cev.

amino acid catabolism

Yog, proteins uas degraded nyob rau hauv lub cev mus rau hauv amino acids. Tab sis tsis tsuas yog hais tias tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb lub cev. Ntawm lwm yam, cov amino acids yog tseem ncaj qha kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub catabolism. Cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej yog heev, li ntawd, yuav tsuas cov ntaub ntawv, uas tsis yog ib qho nyuaj txaus rau cov txawj nyeem ntawv. Nws amino acids yog cov thawj txhais tau tias los ntawm uas proteins uas ua tau.

Tsis yog ib feem ntawm lub cev, uas yuav tsis yuav tsum tau proteins. Txawm li cas los, ib co ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav muaj teeb meem. Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim vim cov tsos ntawm lub cev txawv txav cov nqaijrog hu ua prions. Thiab, zoo li txaus, lawv yuav tsum tau ntes tau nyob rau hauv ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd.

tshawb pom

Peb to taub hais tias qhov no catabolism thiab yog dab tsi rau peb lub cev. Yog vim li cas yog heev yooj yim. Txawm lub feem ntau tsim nyog tshuaj nyob rau hauv peb lub cev no tej zaum kuj redundant. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm peb yuav tsis ua li cas tsis cov tshuaj. Catabolism tsis tau tsuas yog ua zog, tab sis kuj yuav tshem tawm qhov tshaj ntawm dab tsi yog tsim nyog rau peb lub cev. Cia li ib yam dab tsi heev npaum li cas - nws yog phem. Thiab qhov no qhov tseeb yuav tsum tau suav hais tias.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog dab tsi lub catabolism tsis tau tsuas yog kev kawm ntawv tab sis kuj, piv txwv li, mus hlawv tshaj ceeb thawj. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis tshua muaj neeg ceev faj, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub catabolism roj yuav hlawv thiab mob loj. Nws tsis tu uas ntog nyob rau hauv lub tau.