Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug mineral? Views thiab cov tswvyim

Rau centuries, views on dab tsi minerals tau lossi hloov. Thiab tam sim no, txawm peb nyiam nws los yog tsis, nyob rau tag nrho cov sab, peb mus nyob txog lub minerals. Yog hais tias koj ntseeg tias qhov no "Hlub" rau tag nrho cov advertising, lawv yog qhov txhia chaw, xws li los ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam hniav thiab xaus zaub mov rau sterilized miv.

Yog li ntawd yog dab tsi minerals? Thiab tam sim no txog cov tswvyim no muaj yog tsis muaj kev pom zoo thiab kev sis caav ntxiv. Yog hais tias koj piv cov uas twb muaj lawm txhais, cov lus teb rau lo lus nug "Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug mineral" yuav sau ua ke raws li nram no: Cov zaub mov yog cov khib nyiab muaj ib tug tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm thiab inorganic siv lead ua qauv, muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muaj peev xwm yuav sawv cev los ntawm cov tshuaj mis. Hais tias yog, raws li qhov no txhais, minerals - yog tshuaj tsim nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm geological dab thiab muaj ib tug txhais tshuaj nyob tus yeees. Lawv muaj peev xwm xav tias lub cev, uas yog, muaj, ntsuas, tiv kev txom nyem, los yog pom, txawm hais tias nrog kev pab los ntawm kho qhov muag kiag li lawm. Los ntawm no foundations, cov lus hais txog cov zaub mov, piv txwv li, miv zaub mov, raws li peb tau hnov nyob rau hauv commercials, nws nkawd tsawg kawg yog nyob rau hauv lub li ib txwm tshaj tawm stunt, tab sis los ntawm thiab loj - utter nonsense. Thaum nws yog muaj tseeb muaj tej yam ntuj tso minerals, uas peb ntsib txhua txhua hnub nyob rau hauv tsev, yog dab tsi ntxiv, tsis muaj uas nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam ib tug tag nrho lub neej. Ib tug ntawm lawv - lub pob zeb ntsev (halite).

Ib tug heev ib qho tseem ceeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab txhais no yog lawv "natural inorganic keeb kwm." Ntawm kev txaus siab yog "natural" keeb kwm. Muaj ib tug zoo tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam inorganic tshuaj tebchaw paub tias yuav chemists, tiam sis tsuas yog ib tug me me feem ntawm cov tebchaw nyob rau hauv cov xwm, raws li sawv cev los ntawm cov coj txhais minerals. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias lub chemists nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj muaj lub sij hawm los ua ib tug ntau ntau haiv neeg puag ncig tshaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tiag tiag, thiab sau nyob rau hauv ib tug "tuam txhab" yog tshuaj uas ib txwm tshwm sim ua ke zoo.

Ntxiv mus nrhiav tau tawm, txawm li cas los, hais tias xws li cov zaub mov, thiab yog dab tsi tsis yog, peb nco ntsoov tias, nruj me ntsis hais lus, hluavtaws diamonds thiab rubies, tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug kuaj, hu ua minerals tsis. Nws yuav tsis tau ntaus nqi mus rau cov zaub mov xws li tej yam ntuj tso thiab (nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm lawv tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm), thiab lub npe hu txij thaum antiquity thiab cov amber dav hlau ua khov zoo ntawm thee. Yog vim li cas - tsis muaj ntawm crystal qauv.

Muaj ntau cov lus nug chemists uas cais cov zaub mov nkag thiab mercury - lub xwb hlau uas tshwm sim lawm nyob rau hauv cov kua daim ntawv. Nyuam qhuav pib, thaum lub ntsiab luag hauj lwm yog ua si los ntawm lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, mercury mas suav hais tias ib tug mineral (Txawm li cas los, dej kuj) nyob rau hauv lub cais ntawm cov zaub mov. Tam sim no, thaum lub ntsiab txhais ntawm minerals ntxiv thiab muaj cov tus siv lead ua qauv, feem ntau ntawm cov chemists ntuj kua tshuaj mus rau lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm cov zaub mov yuav tsis tau txais.

Nyob rau hauv lub series peb siv los mloog mention ntawm pearls feem ntau precious hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis tau hu ua ib tug mineral vim lub fact tias nws cov qauv yog inhomogeneous. Nyob rau hauv nws cov nyob tus yeees yog tam sim no calcite mineral (calcium carbonate, crystalline khoom) thiab cov organic tshuaj, txhua lub constituent Cheebtsam muaj ib yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Tam sim no, lub sij hawm "mineral" thiab yog feem ntau siv raws li lub npe ntawm ib tug mineral series, thiab raws li lub npe ntawm ib tug tib siv lead ua. Piv txwv li, cov pob zeb diamond yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cuab yeej raws li nws cov hardness, to taub raws li ib tug general khoom teejtug uas yog muaju ntawm cov mineral hom. Tab sis thaum peb yuav tham txog ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws pob zeb diamond "Cullinan", lub ntsiab lus coj nyias mineral.