Yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau hauv Russia? Daim ntawv qhia ntawm Haiv neeg ntawm Russia

Zog ntawm Guj kuj - ib tug multinational lub xeev. Yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau hauv Russia? Uas sawv daws yuav yog cov feem ntau heev heev? Raws li lawv nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws? Peb kawm txog qhov no tom qab.

Yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau hauv Russia?

Zog ntawm Guj kuj npog ib tug loj lub teb chaws, ncab ib ce los ntawm sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Europe North Asia. Nws cheeb tsam ntawm 17.125.191 square kilometers, nyob rau hauv no coob lub teb chaws Qib thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem, Russia yog nyob rau hauv lub cuaj txoj hauj lwm, nws yog 146,6 lab cov neeg. Yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau hauv Russia? Lub caij nyoog tooj yog ib qhov nyuaj rau lub npe, tab sis ib txhia ntawm lawv cov 190, nrog rau lub hauv paus txawm cov pej xeem thiab cov me me hauv paus txawm haiv neeg.

Lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem ntawm Russia yog lub census, uas twb tau soj xyuas nyob rau hauv 2010. Lub teb chaws ntawm cov pej xeem yog tsis qhia nyob rau hauv lub passports, li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv rau lub census twb tau nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm nws tus kheej-kev txiav txim ntawm cov neeg.

Me ntsis ntau tshaj li 80% ntawm cov pejxeem pom tias lawv tus kheej raws li Lavxias teb sab, nyob rau lwm yam nationalities muaj 19,1%. Hais txog tsib thiab ib nrab lab cov neeg tsis qhia lub haiv neeg. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg ntawm Russia, uas yeej tsis paub lawv tus kheej raws li Lavxias teb sab, li cas 26,2 lab cov neeg.

haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg

Lavxias teb sab yog lub titular pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws, lawv yog yeej los ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation. Cov no muaj xws Pomors sawv cev subethnos Karelian thiab Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv lub dawb Hiav txwv cheeb tsam. Qhov thib ob tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg yog Tatars, uas muaj xws li Mishars, Kryashens, Astrakhan thiab Siberian Tatars.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws pab pawg neeg yog ua los ntawm cov neeg Slavs, feem ntau Lavxias teb sab, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Tug thiab Bulgarians. Lawv mus rau lub Indo-European tsev neeg, uas nyob rau hauv Russia yog tseem tuaj Romanesque, Greek, German, Baltic, Iranian, Indo-Iranian thiab Armenian pawg.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub xeev inhabited los ntawm haiv neeg uas zwm rau lub cuaj lus tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus Indo-European, thiab muaj xws li:

• Altai;
• xiav-Tibetan;
• Ural-Yukagir;
• Chukchi-Kamchatka;
• Yenisei;
• Kartvelian;
• Eskimo-Aleut;
• North Caucasus.

Me neeg Russia hais Kerek (4 cov neeg), cov neeg VOD (64) entsami (227) Ult (295) Chulyms (355) aleuts (482) Negidals (513) Oroch (596). Cov no yog cov haiv neeg uas yuav mus rau lub Finno-Ugric, Samoyed, Turkic, Sino-Tibetan pawg.

Qhov loj tshaj haiv neeg ntawm Russia yog nyob rau hauv lub rooj hauv qab no.

Daim ntawv qhia ntawm Haiv neeg ntawm Russia

Cov pejxeem tuaj uniform. Yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau hauv Russia, thiab lawv muaj nyob rau ntawm nws ib ncig, kom meej meej yuav qhia tau maps hauv qab no. Feem coob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm St. Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Novorossiysk thiab Primorsk Territory, qhov twg tag nrho cov loj lub zos.

Qhov loj tshaj haiv neeg ntawm Russia: Lavxias teb sab, Tatars thiab Ukrainians - feem ntau nyob rau sab qab teb-sab ntawm lub teb chaws. Ukrainians ua li ib tug loj kev faib ua feem ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub Chukchi, thiab Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, nyob rau hauv lub Magadan cheeb tsam.

Raws li rau lwm yam haiv neeg ntawm lub Slavic pab pawg neeg, lub Tug thiab lub Bulgarians tsis tsim pawg loj thiab tswm dispersed. Compact Polish pejxeem nyob xwb nyob rau hauv lub Omsk cheeb tsam. Belarusians nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau populated cheeb tsam ntawm Moscow thiab St. Petersburg, thiab Kaliningrad Oblast, Karelia, Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug.

Lavxias teb sab neeg daim ntawv qhia yog hais hauv qab no.

Tatars

Tus nab npawb ntawm Tatars nyob rau hauv Russia yog ntau tshaj li 3% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Ib tug thib peb ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan. Focal kev sib hais haum yog tseem nyob rau hauv lub Ulyanovsk cheeb tsam, Khanty-Mansiysk koog tsev kawm ntawv, Bashkortostan, Tyumen, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk thiab Penza cheeb tsam thiab nyob rau hauv lwm cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub xeev.

Feem ntau cov Tatars yog Sunni Muslim. Txawv pab pawg muaj Tatar lus sib txawv, thiab txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam kev cai thiab kev tswj lub neej. Lawv cov lus belongs rau lub Turkic lus Altaic tsev neeg, nws muaj peb dialects: Mishar (sab hnub poob), Kazan (Intermediate), Siberian Tatar (sab hnub tuaj). Nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan, lub Tatar lus yog official.

Lub ethnonym "Tatars" nyob li thaum ntxov raws li lub VI xyoo pua ntawm cov Turkic pab pawg neeg uas hu lawv tus kheej li ntawd. Tom qab lub conquest ntawm lub Golden Horde nyob rau hauv XIII xyoo pua. lub npe extends nruab nrab twb Mongols thiab pab pawg neeg uas tau kov yeej lawv. Tom qab ntawd, lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv relation mus nomadic Mongolian keeb kwm. Thaum tswm nyob rau hauv lub Volga cheeb tsam, cov pab pawg neeg hu lawv tus kheej meselmanami, Misher, bolgrami, Kazanli thiab t. E., Kom txog thaum lub XIX xyoo pua, twb tsis Consolidated nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "Tatars."

Ukrainians

Ib tug ntawm cov East Slavic neeg - Ukrainians uas nyob tsuas yog nyob rau ib ncig ntawm Ukraine, qhov chaw uas nws cov pejxeem yog hais txog 41 vam tus neeg. Loj Ukrainian diaspora yog nyob rau hauv Russia, teb chaws USA, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab lwm lub teb chaws.

Nrog zog migrants, hais txog 5 lab Ukrainians nyob rau hauv Russia. Feem ntau cov uas muaj sia nyob rau hauv lub zos. Loj twb ntawm haiv neeg kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab Moscow cheeb tsam, Tyumen, Rostov, Omsk cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv lub Primorye thiab Krasnodar cheeb tsam, lub Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, thiab hais txog. D.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg Russia yog tsis tau tib yam. Loj-scale colonization ntawm Lavxias teb sab territories Ukrainians pib nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm faj tim teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv lub XVI-XVII centuries, raws li cov imperial decree, cov Cossacks, Gunners, archers los ntawm lub Ukraine thiab lub Don xa mus rau Siberia thiab Far East av loj hlob. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau deported peasants thiab townspeople, thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Cossack.

Lub intelligentsia ntawm lawv tus kheej accord tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv lub hnub thaum lub nroog yog lub capital ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Tam sim no, Ukrainians nyob rau hauv nws cov feem ntau ntau tshaj plaws lwm haiv neeg pab pawg neeg tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab.

Bashkirs

Qhov thib plaub loj tshaj plaws nyob Lavxias teb sab neeg - lub Bashkirs. Cov feem coob ntawm cov nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Bashkortostan. Lawv kuj tau nyob hauv lub Tyumen, Kurgan, Orenburg thaj av ntawd. Bashkir lus belongs rau lub Altaic tsev neeg yog muab faib mus rau hauv yav qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj lub suab hais lus thiab ob peb dialects.

Raws li anthropological nta cov neeg thiab belongs rau lub South Siberian suburalskomu (rau sab hnub tuaj Bashkirs) haiv neeg hom. Lawv yog ib tug Mongoloid Caucasians sib qhia. Los ntawm kev ntseeg yog Sunni Muslim.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Bashkir neeg txuam nrog rau Pecheneg pab pawg neeg (South Ural Bashkirs - burzyane, usergane) thiab Polovtsian (Kipchaks, Kanli) thiab cov Volga Bulgars (Bulyarians). Lawv pog koob yawg koob nyob hauv Npanpiloo thaj tsam ntawm lub Urals, Volga thiab Ural cheeb tsam. Cawv rau cov tsim ntawm tus neeg muaj lub Mongols thiab Tungus-Manchu.

hauv paus txawm haiv neeg

Lub hauv paus txawm pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws muaj 48 haiv neeg. Lawv tau dab tsi rau txog 0.3% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Hais txog 12 ntawm lawv yog cov ntshiv thiab muaj tsawg tshaj li ib txhiab neeg.

Me Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg mas nyob sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm lub xeev, lub Far East thiab Siberia. Lawv feem ntau ua tsoos ua liaj ua teb, reindeer herding, nuv ntses, yos hav zoov thiab herding.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv paus txawm cov neeg yog cov Nenets, lawv tau dab tsi rau luag 45 txhiab tus neeg. Lawv nyob nqaum qhov chaw ntawm lub Arctic hiav txwv, thiab muab faib mus rau hauv European thiab Esxias. Cov neeg bred reindeer thiab nyob rau hauv tents - lub khob hliav qab-zoo li tus huts them nrog daim tawv thiab tau xav.

Kerek muaj tus nqi qis tshaj xov tooj thiab hais plaub xwb cov neeg raws li cov kev suav pej xeem. Ib nrab xyoo dhau los muaj txog 100 tus neeg. Lub ntsiab lus rau lawv yog cov Chukchi thiab Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg Kerek tseem raws li ib tug tshuaj passive lus. Yuav kom lub neej thiab kab lis kev cai, lawv yog zoo li tus Chukchi neeg, yog li ntawd, raug assimilation rau nws.

xaus

Zog ntawm Guj kuj stretches rau ntau kilometers ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob, yuav tsum vov ob European thiab Esxias ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws. Nyob rau nws loj heev lub teb chaws nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm ntau tshaj 190 lub teb chaws. Lavxias teb sab yog cov feem ntau heev heev thiab yog cov titular lub teb chaws ntawm lub teb chaws.

Lwm yam loj haiv neeg yog Tatars, Ukrainians, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Avars, thiab hais txog. E. Lub me me hauv paus txawm haiv neeg nyob hauv lub xeev. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm feem ntau ntawm lawv tsis pub tshaj ib ob peb txhiab. Minorities yog cov feem ntau Kerek, Enets, ultimates, Aleuts, lawv nyob hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Siberia thiab Far East.