Ya ib tug aircraft carrier: kev piav qhia thiab cov keeb kwm ntawm lub

Ya ib tug aircraft carrier - yog ib tug huab cua unit muaj peev xwm los ua tim ob peb me me thiab aircraft tsim rau nqe ntaus rog nyob rau hauv cov huab cua.

Lub tswv yim ntawm nws cov creation sawv sai tom qab pib ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam ntawm zeppelins, nto moo ntau nyeem ntawv raws li blimps.

Tsim ib tug huab cua cab kuj suav hais tias pheej ua lag ua luam, raws li nws tsub kom cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm kev sib ntaus los aircraft. Txawm li cas los, nrog lub advent ntawm aircraft refuellers, no sib poob nws qhov tseeb, txawm hais tias nws twb tsis tau kiag li tshem los ntawm cov nyiaj.

Yuav ua li cas tau tshwm sim los rau hauv lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug ya aircraft carrier

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tshiab kiag li lawm, mechanisms yeej ib txwm txuam nrog tej yam uas yuav tsum tau ntawm cov haiv neeg. Raws li koj paub, nyob rau hauv lub ntxov thib nees nkaum caug xyoo, lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog tsoo tawm, thaum lub sij hawm uas cov tub rog aircraft los ntawm ob tog twb xub ua ntawv thov. Txawm li cas los, nws muaj ib tug heev tsawg efficiency.

Qhov tseeb hais tias txoj kev sib tw nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub tub rog ntawm lub aircraft rau ib tug heev me me ntau yam ntawm davhlau vim lub me me ntawm cov roj rau ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib. Qhov no loj txwv txoj kev siv cov kev sib ntaus los aircraft, raws li lawv tau ua hauj lwm xwb nyob rau hauv lub frontal tsam. qab yeeb ncuab kab yog tawm ntawm ncav cuag rau lawv.

Qhov yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov tub rog nqe ntaus rog aircraft yuam them sai sai mus zeppelins - blimps nrog hlau plhaub. Cov huab cua units muaj ib tug zoo nkauj impressive loj thiab tseem ya tshaj ntev ncua kev. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm tsiv lawv cov aircraft siv nyob deb sib sib zog nqus rau hauv cov yeeb ncuab chaw uas zoo heev mus nqa tawm huab cua tsoo nyob rau hauv xaiv yaam hom phaj. Yog li ntawd muaj ib tug ya aircraft carrier. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias txhua lub teb chaws nws muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev mus rau lub realization ntawm lub tswv yim no. Tsis yeej ib txwm ua li no ua rau zoo kev daws teeb meem.

USS airship. thawj kev

Cov thawj zaug kom pom tseeb nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm ib tug ya aircraft carrier yog siv qhov no raws li airships, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv armed tsis sib haum, kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub ob ntiaj teb rog.

Lub aircraft twb xam tau tias yog cov feem ntau tsim nyog version ntawm cov hauv qab no: ib tug biplane twb mounted on board ib tug zeppelin, thiab muab nyob rau hauv ib tug tsov rog cheeb tsam.

Tom qab hais tias, lub dav hlau twb npaum li cas tawm ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb crane thiab daug airship disengaged. Tag nrho cov no yog tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov ceev aircraft carrier. Ntxiv tuav solo davhlau biplane.

Tom qab lub sib ntaus los lub hom phiaj aircraft rov qab mus rau Zeppelin tseem khiav nyob rau hauv ib tug tsov rog cheeb tsam, nyob puv ceev, kuv clung rau nws lub crane nuv thiab rub nyob rau hauv. Ntxiv plav aircraft carrier rov qab mus rau lub airfield.

Qhov kawg ntawm 1918, lub American blimp-1 ya mus rau hauv lub dav hlau, "Curtiss JN4", txuas nyob rau hauv lub gondola. Tom qab lifting lub biplane nws yog unhooked thiab ntawm nws tus kheej tseem lub davhlau.

Nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, tom qab ua lub ob loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm aviation airship "Macon" thiab "Akron", uas muaj ib tug ntev ntawm 239 m thiab twb muaj peev xwm nqa mus txog plaub fighters. Txawm li cas los, cov tsis muaj kev nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm qhov no zoo ntawm zeppelins muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej tom ntej: ob "aviamatki" poob lawm vim cov neeg pluag tsim.

Hloov lub tswvyim ntawm huab cua nqa

Nyob rau hauv cov kev siv ntawm cov airship raws li ib tug ya aircraft carrier taw tes qhia tawm cov inconsistency ntawm no sib. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog waned txaus siab rau nws tom qab kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws zeppelin "Hindenburg". airship uas muaj cov hydrogen hlawv sai sai, tua ntau tshaj peb teb coob uas xam nrog thiab neeg coob cov tswv cuab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug tseem ceeb drawback ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier, lub airship yog nws yooj yim tus yeeb ncuab aircraft. Cov tsos ntawm cov yeeb ncuab aircraft nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm nrhiav lub aircraft carrier, "hi" nrog hydrogen, nws yog meant inevitable kev puas tsuaj.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog hauv lub British tau sim los ua ib tug puas aircraft, piv txwv li ib tug aircraft nqa ib fighter. Raws li xws lub British aircraft carrier los siv ib tug ya nkoj, kho nws sab saum toj fighter.

Lub tswv yim, ntawm chav kawm, yog zoo, tab sis tsis yooj yim rau siv. Yog li ntawd, ib tug ya aircraft carrier nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug puas aircraft thiab twb tsis tsim los ntawm British aircraft designers. Tab sis iab kev tsis nres txawv teb chaws Lavxias teb sab aircraft manufacturers.

Lub tswv yim ntawm aircraft VS Vahmistrova

Vladimir Sergeevich Vahmistrov - ib tug kawm tiav ntawm lub Cua Force Academy. Tom qab kawm tiav nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua dav hlua kev tshawb fawb thiab kev soj ntsuam lub koom haum. Tsis pub dhau nws cov phab ntsa, thiab nws nyob ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv cov constructor li "aviamatki" ntxaib-engine bomber TB-1, tsim los ntawm renowned designer Tupolev.

Vladimir Sergeyevich muaj rau kev txhim kho ob fighter tis TB-1 tshwj xeeb locks.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub aircraft twb siv raws li kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab bomber aircraft.

Nws kuj npaj hais tias tom qab lub bombing ntawm lub TB-1 chaw ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tua hluav taws thiab rov qab mus rau lub airfield txhua ntawm nws tus kheej.

Ua raws li cov tswv yim Vahmistrova

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1931 lub Soviet High kom pom zoo ib qho kev npaj VS Vahmistrova, arguing tias plav aircraft carrier - yog ib tug loj ua tsov rog.

Ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais designers pib ua hauj lwm sib rau lub creation ntawm ib tug winged aircraft carrier, los yog raws li nws tau ces hu ua, lub aircraft-theem. Qhov kawg ntawm 1931 ib tug ya aircraft carrier Vahmistrova yog npaj txhij rau kev soj ntsuam. Ua thawj yoov qhia feem ntau txog tej pilots ntawm lub sij hawm, uas yog Adas Zalewski (commander bomber crews), Andrey Sharapov (Copilot BT-1), Valery Tchkalov thiab Aleksandru Anisimovu (fighter pilots, bomber tis rau cov attachments).

"Circus Vahmistrova"

Yog li ntawd hu ua xeem flights ntawm cov thawj Soviet aircraft carrier. Qhov tseeb hais tias flights yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm txawv txav teeb meem.

Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm thawj davhlau, tsis muaj kev sib koom tes bomber neeg coob thiab fighter tsav Chkalov muaj meant tias Zalewski qhib rau pem hauv ntej fighter kho xauv thaum kaw pillar ntawm nws cov chassis. Tsuas yog kev Chkalov tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.

Ib tug zoo xws li cov teeb meem no tshwm sim nrog V. Kokkinaki fighter: nws tsis qhib lub ntsuas phoo tus Tsov tus tw tsaws iav. Ntawm no qhov teeb meem no yog cawm dim los ntawm commander ntawm lub bomber Stefanovsky, txiav txim siab los zaum nrog cov neeg tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub tis. Tag nrho cov twb zoo.

txhawb kev vam meej

Tus thawj xeem flights pom tau hais tias ya Soviet aircraft muaj yog tsim nyog ntawm kev loj hlob ntxiv.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub bomber TB-1 yog ntau haib TB-3 yog tsim, uas yuav ua ib tug aircraft carrier rau lub tshiab fighter Polikarpov I-5. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib lub sij hawm rau nce tus naj npawb ntawm portable fighters tuaj mus rau peb - ob tis thiab ib tug nyob rau lub fuselage.

Vahmistrova los twb ua rau luag tus neeg tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub tis ntawm cov kab mob TB-3, tab sis nws twb nyob hauv txoj kev tuag ntawm ib tug fighter tsav. Ua ntawm qhov kev huam yuaj ib zaug dua tau txais kev pab raws li lub aircraft Symptoms xauv rau "aviamatke" yog tsis qhib rau huab cua, tab sis nthawv txhais thaum tsaws.

Nyob rau hauv 1935, lub Soviet ya aircraft carrier yog muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm thauj dua tsib fighters, nrog ib tug ntawm lawv (I-Z) twb kev cob cog rua rau lub "aviamatkoy" nyob rau hauv cov huab cua.

Nyob rau hauv 1938, ib tug ya aircraft carrier, tau txais los ntawm lub Red Army.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws cua nqa

Nws yog lub npe hu ya tsib aircraft muaj, uas tau ncaim ib tug kab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm aviation - Soviet TB-1, Tupolev Tu-95N, American aircraft Convair B-36 tu plaub, Boeing B-29 Superfortress thiab airship "Akron".

Soviet TB-1 yog lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj serial-hlau monoplane bomber, yog siv raws li ib lub teeb aircraft carrier. Kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws aircraft carrier tau txais Lub Xya hli ntuj 26, 1941, thaum nrog cov kev pab los ntawm fighter-bombers, thaum kawg "tau txais" lub German roj cia nyob rau hauv Constanta.

Lub "ya aircraft carrier" teb koj chaw Vahmistrova tsis nco qab lawm. Nyob rau hauv 1955, lub Soviet Union pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm ib tug xaiv yaam kev poob siab system, xws li PC thiab supersonic bomber aircraft carrier Tu-95N.

Nws twb assumed tias lub PC yuav cov nyob rau hauv lub cargo tuav ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier. Lub system yuav tsum xyuas kom meej lub yeej ntawm lub hom phiaj tsis muaj kev mus rau lub kev txiav txim ntawm tus yeeb ncuab huab cua tiv thaiv cheeb tsam thiab rov qab mus rau lub tshav dav hlau.

American Convair B-36 tu plaub tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov kev system cover hnyav bombers, uas yog muab rau lub tsheb thauj mus txog li plaub lub teeb hom McDonnell XF-85 Goblin fighters.

Txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov yooj yim ntawm cov docking fighter B-36 project twb tso tseg nyob rau hauv 1949. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub US Cua Dag Zog Yuam xam tau tias yog cuav-lub hom phiaj simulators ua bomber nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug nres yeeb ncuab aircraft, zoo tshaj dua li kev sib ntaus los fighter cover.

Boeing B-29, kev ua hauj lwm 40s, muab rau kev coj tus kheej ob fighters. Txawm li cas los, tus haib twist rau qhov xaus ntawm lub tis tau coj mus rau kev puas tsuaj, peb tes num B-29 twb kaw, thiab lub tswvyim yog pom zoo raws li yus.

American airship USS Akron 30s koom rau ib qho ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws zeppelin ntiaj teb no. Nws muaj peev xwm thauj mus txog tsib lub teeb aircraft uas nws lub hom phiaj yog reconnaissance.

Ya aircraft muaj ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej

American thiab Soviet ya aircraft muaj, ib tug saib xyuas ntawm uas yog muab saum toj no, qhov zoo ces, twb tsis tau teem ib lub precedent ntawm lawv kev sib ntaus los siv, tsuas yog rau lub lag luam los rhuav tshem cov roj cia chaw nyob rau hauv Constanta thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog.

Txawm li cas los, lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug ya aircraft carrier tseem dominates lub minds ntawm designers.

Piv txwv li, ntev-lub sij hawm kev npaj Cov kws muaj txuj ci kev tshawb fawb hauj lwm USA (DARPA) tau launched ib tug kev pab cuam ntawm "Gremlins" nyob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm unmanned sim saum nruab ntug tsheb, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev noj tawm los ntawm ib tug aircraft carrier, thiab rov qab mus rau nws ib sab.