Vitamins: Vitamins kev faib tawm, yam ntxwv thiab nta

Lub culprits ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob yog kev nyuaj siab, cov neeg pluag noj cov zaub mov thiab kev ua qias tuaj. Yuav kom txo kev puas tsuaj rau tej yam zoo los ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov vitamins muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev txawj ntse txog cov vitamins yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuav tsum tau rau niaj hnub tus txiv neej.

Yuav ua li cas vitamins nyob sab

Pab thaj chaw ntawm cov vitamins twb paub nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt. Cov neeg tau pom hais tias lub tau ntawm tej yam tshuaj ntsuab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj peev xwm ho txhim kho kev noj qab nyob thiab txawm leeb rov qab los ntawm cov kab mob.

Piv txwv li, cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem pom, lub ancient healers qhia noj siab. Txawm li cas los, lawv twb tsis muaj lub tswv yim hais tias nws cov pab zog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog vim muaj cov theem siab cov ntsiab ntawm vitamin A.

Herbalists thiab kho neeg lub siab nyob rau hauv zoo kawg esteem los ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg. Tab sis tab sis yog noob neej thoob plaws nws cov keeb kwm kwv yees txog dab tsi ib qho tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi rau hauv lub cev yog ib co ntawm cov tshuaj, teem txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov vitamins pib ib puas xyoo dhau los. Rov qab nyob rau hauv lub lig XIX caug xyoo. nws twb xav hais tias lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom noj - los muab lub cev cov nqaijrog, nqaijrog thiab carbohydrates.

Tiag tiag discoverer ntawm cov vitamins yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab kws kho mob Lunin Nikolay Ivanovich. Nws ua thwmsim rau nas thiab pom ib tug interesting tseeb. Nas uas tau txais khoom noj khoom haus tag nrho cov mis nyuj tseem noj qab nyob zoo, thaum cov neeg noj artificially cais Cheebtsam ntawm cov mis nyuj, pib sicken thiab tuag thaum lub sij hawm. Vim hais tias cov vitamins nyob sab.

Tswvyim, kev faib ntawm pej xeem cov tshuaj mas siv, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm no, tsis tau ib tug paub txog. Thiab tab sis lawv twb nrhiav tau los ntawm Lavxias teb sab kws kho mob hu ua "vitamins" tau nug kom Polish chemist Kazimirom Funkom, ib tug Nobel nqi zog rau nws txoj kev kawm ntawm lawv cov cawv rau lub cev tau txais ntau soj ntsuam ntawm los ntau lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas ib feem coj vitamins nyob rau hauv lub metabolism

Thaum lub cev loses ib yam yeeb tshuaj, nws yog fraught nrog kev noj qab haus huv tej teeb meem. Tshwj xeeb yog mob txim yuav ua tau thaum ib tug me me kev faib ua feem nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj cov vitamins. Suam ntawm cov vitamins yog li ntawd feem ntau yog muaj ib tug qhia ntawm lawv tej yam ntuj tso qhov chaw.

Thaum nrhiav kom tau ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm tsis muaj tej ntsiab yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug dietitian. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm sim ua kom tau lub nyiaj tsawg thiab ntawm nws tus kheej. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, niaj hnub cov neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub inhabitants ntawm nroog loj, yuav tsum tau them ze mloog mus rau koj cov zaub mov thiab muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov zaub mov uas muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov vitamins.

Suam ntawm cov vitamins, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub internal physiological dab faib cov tshuaj rau hauv peb pawg:

• antioxidants;
• prohormones;
• enzimovitaminy (cov neeg muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv metabolism).

Ntxiv mus, cov sub-pawg yuav muab suav hais tias nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

antioxidants

Qhov no ascorbic acid, vitamins A, K thiab E. antioxidants yuav tiv thaiv tau cov kab mob loj heev xws li mob cancer los sis mob plawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub cev nyob rau hauv tseem ceeb heev txoj kev ua dawb radicals - oxygen molecules uas muaj siab heev kev ua si. Lawv tsis muaj ib tug electron, thiab lawv nrhiav tau sau qhov chaw no nrog electrons ntawm lwm molecules. Antioxidants neutralize cov dawb radicals, tiv thaiv lub hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Thiab yog hais tias lub cev tsis tau txaus lawv, ces free radicals ntxiv mus nrhiav tau rau ib tug electron sau. Thaum zoo li no tshwm sim, lawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg, tab sis hais tias cell, uas tau noj tam sim ntawd tus electron tseem saum toj no cov txheej txheem.

prohormones

Qhov no tshuaj, ntawm uas tom qab tsim cov tshuaj hormones. Cov no muaj xws vitamin D thiab vitamin A nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov retinoic acid. lwj cov khoom ntawm vitamin D yog nquag muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem uas txuam nrog poov hlau metabolism hauv lub cev. Ib tug retinoic acid yog tsim nyog rau kho tshiab ntawm lub epithelium.

Enzimovitaminy

Qhov no muaj xws li qeb vitamin K, vitamin A, thiab vitamin B, nicotinic thiab folic acid. Metabolism hauv ntawm cov nqaijrog, carbohydrates thiab nqaijrog nyob rau hauv lub cev tshwm sim rau lawv active kev koom tes. Piv txwv li, vitamin B1 nyob rau hauv nce nqi yog yuav tsum tau thaum lub cev kev nyuaj siab kho kom zoo, raws li tau zoo raws li high school cov nqi ntawm cov carbohydrates nyob rau hauv kev noj haus. Nrog nws tsis muaj kev lwj cov khoom ntawm carbohydrates noog nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Yuav ua li cas yog xav tau rau vitamins

Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los paub qhov txawv ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm qhov niaj hnub yuav tsum tau ntawm cov vitamins thiab txhua hnub noj. Tus thawj tswvyim - tus nqi uas tsim nyog rau lub noj qab nyob zoo hauj lwm ntawm lub cev, thiab nws tsis tas coincide nrog tus thib ob. feem ntau txhua hnub kom tsawg yog me dua cov kev xav tau, raws li nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm haum ntawm vitamin tsuas yog cov nqis.

Tsim pharmacological thiab physiological koob tshuaj txhua vitamin rau tib neeg. Physiological sawv cev rau cov nyiaj uas ib tug neeg xav tau kev pab ua kom tiav cov kev ua. Pharmacological noj tshuaj npaum cas ntau lub sij hawm lawv tau zoo vim hais tias lawv yog aimed ntawm kev daws cov kev teeb meem ntawm lub hauj lwm ntawm ntau yam nruab nrog cev thiab tshuab.

Pw ua ke, lub hnub nyoog, lub cev ua si, cov tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg nyob - tag nrho cov yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim seb ib tug neeg xav tau kev pab vitamin. Suam ntawm cov vitamins nyob rau hauv raws li cov uas yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm nutritionists nyob rau hauv txhua lub teb chaws. Rau tag nrho cov lub cev thiab psycho-kev xav yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov tswv yim pom zoo pom tias yog cov ua hauj lwm rau ib tug tej pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg.

Thaum twg koj yuav khoom yuav tsum xav txog tsis tsuas yog lawv lub zog tus nqi, tab sis kuj them sai sai mus seb lawv muaj cov vitamins. Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, cev xeeb tub cov poj niam thiab ncaws pob yog ib txwm muaj dav ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi no pawg yog yuav tsum tau cov as-ham thiab vitamins.

Classification, yam ntxwv thiab kev xav tau ntawm txhua tus neeg pab pawg neeg. Piv txwv li, cov poj niam uas ntsia cev xeeb tub, folate kom tsawg tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb heev. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, npaj ua ib tug niam, koj yuav tsum muaj ib tug nqi koj tshuav ntawm poov hlau nyob rau hauv lub txais tos thiab ua li ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm vitamin D. Tib yam siv sporsmenov, menyuam kawm ntawv, workaholic, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb hloov: tus sawv cev ntawm ib yam ntawm cov pawg yuav tsum tau lub sij hawm mus xav txog zoo kev noj haus los yog noj cov khoom cua additives.

Rog-soluble thiab dej-soluble vitamins: lub faib ntawm tej pab pawg muaj nuj nqi

Raws li sib tham, vitamins raug muab faib ua peb loj subcategories. Tias tej kev khiav dej num ntawm txhua yam khoom uas thiab vim lub fact tias cov pluas noj yuav tsis tau cai los ntawm tus txiv neej rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm. Tom qab txhua lub caij uas yuav tsum tau rau tej yam dab nyob rau hauv lub cev, tsis muaj uas lub neej kev ua no tej zaum yuav nyom.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub division rau lub rau ntawm kev koom tes nyob rau hauv physiological dab, muaj ob pawg, uas yog muab faib mus rau hauv cov vitamins. Suam ntawm cov vitamins nyob rau hauv cov dej-soluble thiab fat-soluble yog tsis muaj tsis tseem ceeb. Rog-soluble vitamins tso nyob rau hauv fatty ntaub so ntswg, ces lawv overdose yog ntau txaus ntshai tshaj li ib overdose ntawm dej-soluble.

Tsis ntev los no sai sai tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev nrog rau cov kua. Tsiaj siab thiab ntses, qe, butter, spinach, ci qos yaj ywm - tsis yog ib tug ua tiav daim ntawv teev cov khoom noj uas muaj roj-soluble vitamins. Kev faib tawm lawv qhov chaw yuav tau siab qhia nyob rau hauv lub rooj hauv qab no. Cov khoom uas muaj dej-soluble vitamins - ib tug ntau yam ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tshuaj ntsuab, nplej, qe, noob thiab ceev.

Suam ntawm cov vitamins: cov txheej txheem ntawm cov as-ham nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov

Ib daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom uas lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej-soluble thiab fat-soluble vitamins raws li nram no:

Incidentally, lub tshuaj kev faib ntawm cov vitamins raws li tsis tsuas yog lawv muaj peev xwm yaj nyob rau hauv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov tias qhov sib txawv cwj pwm ntawm nyias pawg ntawm cov vitamins thaum lub sij hawm ua noj ua haus cov txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, fat-soluble vitamins yuav muab cia rau hauv lub tshav kub kev kho mob, thaum lub sij hawm feem ntau ntawm cov dej-soluble lwj sai heev.

Cov tsos mob ntawm beriberi

Nws tsis yog ib txwm ib tug neeg laus yog txaus lub sij hawm them sai sai mus nyob tus yeees ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus noj. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj cov vitamins - yog tsis txawv txawv. Tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tiav tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm lub cev ntawm ib yam ntawm cov vitamins (vitamin tsis muaj peev xwm), thiab lwm tus neeg ntawm nws hom. Qhov no los yog vitamin raug (txo txij nkawm), los yog subnormal them nyiaj yug, uas tshwm sim thaum qhov tsawg ntawm cov vitamin nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li tsawg tshaj li tus qub.

Lub disadvantage ntawm lub piav tshuaj hais txawv, tab sis gipovitaminoze subnormal noj thiab tej yam tshwm sim muaj ntau:

• tsis muaj zog;
• qaug zog;
• txob taus.

Thaum subnormal noj thiab hypovitaminosis yog tsis ib txwm tsim nyog los noj cov khoom cua vitamins, tej zaum kho kev noj haus yog txaus. Thaum vitamin tsis muaj peev xwm tsos mob yog sharper. Nws yog tsim nyog los tham ib tug kws kho mob.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub - lub xwb qhov ntawm cov vitamins?

Ntaub ntawv hais txog cov fact tias feem ntau cov hom ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub yog ib tug tiag tiag storehouse ntawm cov vitamins yog me ntsis lopsided saib. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub kev faib dej-soluble vitamins thiab lawv qhov chaw qhia tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav Iwj tau siv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Tab sis, rau piv txwv, vitamin D yog feem ntau tsis pom nyob rau hauv tsob nroj khoom noj. Yog li ntawd, vegetarianism, rau cov uas tsis ntev los no advocated los ntawm ntau yam thiaj li, tsis yog cov feem ntau noj qab nyob zoo ntawm kev noj mov.

Cov khoom noj yuav tsum muaj ntau li ntau tau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom, yog li ak yuav luag txhua yam khoom noj khoom haus muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg, yuav tsum tau rau lub cev. Muaj ob peb heev khoom uas hais tias tsis muaj cov piav ntaub ntawv (xws li suab thaj). Tag nrho lwm cov khoom noj muaj xws li tej yam vitamins.

Tus nqi, kev faib thiab cov ntsiab lus uas pab tau cov ntsiab nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam zoo ntawm cov zaub mov yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev sau. Yog li ntawd, muaj ib tug tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins tsim nyog los mus txiav txim yog dab tsi cov zaub mov yog tsis txaus nyob rau hauv kev noj haus. Raws sij hawm kev taw qhia ntawm ntau haiv neeg yuav pab tiv thaiv kom txhob beriberi thiab ntau cov kab mob.

Kuv yuav noj vitamins

Ancient cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv lub zoov nuj txeeg, haus loj nyiaj ntawm cov vitamins. Yog li ntawd, lub mechanism ntawm evolution kom hais tias lawv tsis tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev (tsuas yog vitamin D). Koj kuj yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sedentary txoj kev ua neej niaj hnub tus txiv neej. Tom qab tag nrho, yog ib tug neeg ua teb nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. yuav los siav lawv xav tau rau cov vitamins, noj mov ib tug loaf cov mov ci ib hnub twg, cov niaj hnub nroog dweller yog tsis zoo li mus haus tus nqi ntawm hmoov.

Noj cov khoom noj yog tag nrho, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais txog cov nqi ntawm ntau yam khoom noj khoom thiab hais txog dab tsi lub kev faib ntawm cov vitamins. Luv luv hais looks zoo ib yam li no: koj yuav tsum mus rau los yog muaj ib yam uas txawv kev noj haus, los yog kev noj hluavtaws vitamin muas los ntawm ib tug tsev muag tshuaj.