Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam)

Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam) yog nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1946. Tab sis ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej - nyob rau hauv 1951 - nws twb kaw. 20 xyoo tom qab ntawd (1971) Visimsky cia twb reopened nyob rau cheeb tsam ntawm ntau tshaj 9500 hectares. Tom qab ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm nws ciam teb rau lwm los ua wider.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Lub cheeb tsam ntawm no tej cheeb tsam hnub no - ntau tshaj li 13 500 hectares. Ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm qhov cia yog nyob rau hauv lub Middle Urals nyob rau sab sauv nce mus txog rau ntawm tus dej Sulem. Tus so ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev occupies ib tug me me creek headwaters Vogulka. Yog li ntawd, Visimsky Reserve yog ib hom ntawm ciam ntawm lub cheeb tsam ntawm teb chaws Europe thiab Asia. Nyob rau hauv 2001, tus tiv thaiv cheeb tsam tau txais tus txheej xwm ntawm ib tug biosphere cia. Central Av nyob rau ntawm p. n. Visim. Nws yog ib qho ancient metallurgical chaw thiab birthplace ntawm tus naas ej txawj sau ntawv D. N. Mamina-Sibiryak.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm creation

Cov yooj yim premise ntawm lub zeem cia puag ua kom tau khaws cia thiab kawm tej yam ntuj tso complex nyob rau hauv Sredneuralskaya roob taiga. Nyob rau hauv. "Regulations rau lub State Reserve Visim" kom meej meej hais cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm no lub teb chaws:

1. Ua raws li cov kev ruaj ntseg ua si rau lub zeem cia nrog tag nrho cov Tso tus kwv, raws li zoo raws li lub observance ntawm kev tiv thaiv tsoom fwv.
2. Cov kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ancient biogeotsenologicheskomu hav zoov watershed ntawm lub Middle Urals.
3. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm tus dynamic txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntuj kev ntawm lub ntau yam derivative biotsenozov theem.
4. Environmental khiav ntawm cov pejxeem, raws li zoo raws li cov kev tiv thaiv thiab muaj kuab siv ntawm muaj natural resources.
5. Assistance nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm uas tsim nyog kev soj ntsuam.

Ciam teb thiab lub teb chaws

Xwm Cheeb Tsam qhia lub clearing ntawm plaub-pointers rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tug ncej, ntawv ceeb toom. Ncaj qha rau nws tus kheej ntev ntawm tus ciam teb yog 60 km deb. Nyob rau hauv 1973 Visimsky cia cheeb tsam tau undergone ib co kev hloov raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas nws tau raug ntau zog rau 3767 hectares rau kev txuag thiab kawm txog cov tswv yim qub arrays fir thiab spruce nyob rau sab sauv dej. Sulom thiab cheeb tsam watershed caj. Me ntsis tom qab, nyob rau hauv raws li qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov dej Kirovgrad heev tseem ceeb cheeb tsam (txog 400 hectares) yog pauv mus rau lub dej nyab los ntawm cov reservoir Sulomskogo. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog feem ntau uas muaj tuaj melkotravnymi plantings hvoschovymi thiab marshy chaw Pihto-spruce thiab birch siab-siab aconitic. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raws li nyiaj Visimsky Biosphere cia tau txais los ntawm lub Forestry Nevyansky 400 hectares rau qhov cov hauv paus txawm, thaum khaws cia zoo heev, fern-siab nkauj xwb fir-spruce.

kev tiv thaiv tsoom fwv

Lub cheeb tsam ib ncig lub zeem cia ntawm cov kev ruaj ntseg tsam yog ib thaj tsam ntawm 66 100 hectares, uas yog 5 lub sij hawm ntau tshaj rau thaj tsam ntawm lub biosphere cia. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub ntuj cheeb tsam ntawm lub txiav npluav rau nuv ntses, yos hav zoov, raws li zoo li ib co kev txwv on hav zoov tswj, uas yog, ua hauj lwm ib tug txheej txheem kev ntsuas ntawm kev tiv thaiv tsoom fwv. Lawv yog cov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub qub hauj lwm ntawm loj thiab me me tsiaj, tej vaj tse uas yuav tsum tau ib tug ncaj loj qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lig Kaum Ob Hlis 1983, ib co ntawm cov tshiab kev txwv rau logging nyob rau hauv lub tiv thaiv cheeb tsam tsoom fwv tau ua tswvcuab, uas raug faib rau tag nrho cheeb tsam Sulomskogo reservoir phiab. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau Medvezhka River. Nws ntws los ntawm tag nrho ib ncig ntawm lub biosphere cia. Tag nrho lwm cov dej ntws thiab reservoirs yog nyob nraum zoov, thiab lawv lub pas dej kom txog thaum uas tam sim no tau txais kev pab raws li raw khoom bases rau hav zoov teb.

tej yam ntuj tso monuments

Nyob rau hauv Visim cia, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub cim tej hauj lwm, muaj ntau heev heev tej yam ntuj tso monuments. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau tam sim no, lub foundations ntawm monuments npaj "Roob Crimson" thiab "Crane hav iav." Visimsky Reserve attractions uas yog muab faib thoob plaws hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev, muaj xws li cov khoom xws li "primeval hav zoov nyob ze lub zos. Loj Ghalashki", "Cov laus pob zeb", "pob zeb ntoo thuv forests ntawm tus dej. Notihe", "Cuas luam rau p. Sulom" " pob zeb. "

fauna

Visimsky zeem cia, qhov twg cov tsiaj yog feem ntau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub taiga tsam, ib tug tiag tiag cim qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm heev xav badgers, hares, mos lwj, hma, martens, squirrels thiab xim av bears. Cov nyob ntsiag to thiab muaj kev thaj yeeb nyob qhov twg nyob ze tus dej, koj yuav yooj yim nrhiav tau ib tug ntshuab thiab hma los yog lynx. Lawv paub mus nqa tawm neeg ua hauj lwm tom hav zoov orderlies. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv lub Biosphere cia yog ua hauj lwm rau integrate lub xov tooj ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov ntsiab vaj tse. Ntawm cov noog nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia Visim feem ntau ces yuav tsum grouse, capercaillie, dub grouse, raws li zoo raws li ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm songbirds. Cov noog ua zes lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub teeb forests thiab mixed deciduous hom qhia tsawg ntawm cov noog ua zes noog. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw muaj yog feem ntau ib tug ntsuab finch thiab warbler. Tom qab cov lus nug ua hauj lwm tau raug ices ib tug loj heev tooj ntawm cov mej zeej tshiab ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no, xws li cov nyob sab Europe tus ntshuab, mink, hedgehog thiab dawb qus npua teb, raws li zoo li ob peb tshiab hom shrews.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm kev ua si tsiaj

Vim Acclimatization nyob rau hauv lub Shali koog tsev kawm ntawv, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv 1975, tus xov tooj ntawm European tus ntshuab tau nce ho, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab 70s. lawv coob twb sai txeem p. Sulom, piv txwv li ncaj qha nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej Visimsky Reserve. Nyob rau hauv 1979, tom qab lub npe, 7 settlements ntawm cov tsiaj twb pom nrog ib tug neeg nyob ntawm txog 25 cov neeg sawv cev. Marten prefers nyob rau hauv ib tug secluded ces kaum ntawm lub zeem cia, feem ntau nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb hav zoov chaw, nws lub zog yog tsis ntau tshaj li 20-25 cov neeg. Lusk, nyob rau hauv lem, hauv nyob rau hauv ntau qhib yeej - grasslands thiab clearing rau tom hav zoov ntug. Raws li, qhov ermine prefers mob rocky pov toj thiab kev kawm ntawv, thiab cluttered hav dej. Hma liab nyob rau hauv lub Biosphere cia kom tau raws li cov kev sib tw. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, nws yuav pom raws hav zoov glades thiab birch forests nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub tuaj ib feem ntawm lub zeem cia. Badger feem ntau, settles nyob rau hauv lub teeb birch thiab Aspen forests, raws li tus qhuav roob slopes. Thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj sov, rau tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv cheeb tsam ntawm cov xwm zeem cia yuav pom ib co kua nplaum ntawm habitation 6-8 xim av bears. Lawv tawm mus ntawm lawv dens nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, thiab pw rov qab mus rau cov pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj. Feem ntau, lub zos bears yog omnivorous, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau sab hnub tuaj Siberian txheeb ze tej zaum lawv yuav muab suav hais tias vegetarians. Travelling rau hauv ib ncig ntawm tej yam ntuj tso complex, koj yuav nrhiav tau thiaj li hu ua dais "rooj" - puas ntsaum thiab nkawj zes.

nta ntawm lub toj roob hauv pes

Territory Visimsky cia ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov pob zeb no tau muab faib ua peb qhov chaw conditionally: sab hnub tuaj (Sutukskuyu), central (Kuligskuyu) thiab thaj (Sulomskuyu). Cov yav tas yog sawv cev los ntawm toj thiab steeply zij struts thiab muaj ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj altitude (350 - 400 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem). Lub hauv paus ib feem muaj ib tug ntau dua - nyob rau hauv ib txhia qhov chaw nce mus txog lub foothills ntawm tus 473 m. Tab sis rau sab hnub tuaj cheeb tsam ntawm lub zeem cia yog yus muaj los ntawm raug roob nyem, nyiaj pab ntau tshaj qhov siab lom rau Mr. Big Sutuk (659 m). Lub ntsiab yog ib feem ntawm lub toj roob hauv pes yog sawv cev los ntawm roob. Lawv dai kom zoo nkauj nrog faib caj ntawm lub Middle Urals. Mount sab hnub tuaj Visimsky biosphere cia - Loj, me me thiab txiv qaub txiv pos Sutuki thiab roob - muaj xws li crystalline sab pob zeb yooj yim thiab acid magma, uas tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm weathering thiab kev puas tsuaj. Ntawm no yog luv luv li cas rau Visimsky Reserve. Yuav ua li cas mus cuag tej cheeb tsam? Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub txoj kev muaj ib tug ntev ntawm Ekaterinburg 120 km. Kom txog rau thaum lub zos Visim yuav tsum mus rau Serovskaya ib ntsuj av.