Victor Vasnetsov (artist). Lub neej thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua

Great artist Vasnetsov Viktor Mihaylovich yug nyob rau May 15, 1848 nyob rau hauv Lopyal lub zos, lub tsev neeg Mihaila Vasilevicha Vasnetsova, ib tug pov thawj. Lwm yam yav tom ntej leej txiv ntawm nws tus tub lub pov thawj, thiab nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub me nyuam tub hluas nyob ib ncig ntawm Vasnetsov mloog lawv niam lawv txiv thiab twb ploj mus yog nws txiv lub footsteps. Tab sis nws txoj hmoo hloov dramatically nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos. Biography Vasnetsov muaj cov nplooj ntawv ntawm tsim thiab blossoming txuj ci ntawm ib lub npe nrov tshaj painters nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab xeev.

Nws twb tsis muaj cov thwjtim, xws li nyob rau V. I. Surikova thiab lwm yam nto moo ntxias, tab sis cov kev txawj Viktora Vasnetsova twb qhib kom ua raws li tej beginner cov neeg pleev kob. Thiab cov tub ntxhais ntxias sim kawm "Vasnetsov" semitone, tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws epic dab neeg, lub tsev kawm ntawv los yog kev lom zem xim, ua rau toj roob hauv pes tswv thiaj kaj lug.

Seminars thiab kos duab

Nyob rau hauv 1858, nyob rau lub insistence ntawm nws txiv tus hluas Vasnetsov tau hais tseg nyob rau hauv ib tug kev cai dab qhuas tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws kawm rau plaub lub xyoos, thiab ces ntxiv nws cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub Vyatka Theological Seminary. Tom qab ntawd nws qhib cov txuj ci ntawm cov neeg pleev kob, thiab rau yav tom ntej artist pib kawm painting ntawm N. G.Chernyshova, cov qauv sau ntawv kws qhia ntawv. Ces los ntawm txoj kev tshav ntuj ntawm nws txiv thiab nws sab laug lub kawm vaj lug kub tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg, qhov uas nws cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv painting thiab Art Development tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv Ivana Nikolaevicha Kramskogo. Tom qab kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv ib xyoos, Vasnetsov twb pauv mus rau Academy ntawm Fine Arts, thiab muaj txuas ntxiv cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv painting.

Nws me nyuam kawm ntawv ua hauj lwm cov artist tshaaj rau txhua tus neeg saib txawm tsis pub dhau lub Academy hais tias lawv cov movies pom tau hais tias masters ntawm tus txhuam. Xyuas ntawm venerable yeeb yam nyob rau kev ua hauj lwm cov tub ntxhais cov neeg pleev kob Vasnetsov yog cov feem ntau benevolent, ntau critics tau sau tseg cov tub ntxhais ntxias li ib lo lus tshiab nyob rau hauv kos duab.

Association ntawm lub loj leeb

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm lub Academy of Arts nyob rau hauv 1873 Vasnetsov artist pib mus koom nyob rau hauv miv loj leeb, ib lub koom haum nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Lub "Partnership" xws li muaj nees nkaum-paub Lavxias teb sab ntxias, ntawm lawv: Kramskoy I. N., Repin I. E., Shishkin I. I., Polenov B. D., Surikov V. I. thiab lwm tus neeg. Victor Vasnetsov twb hais nyob rau hauv mus txawv tebchaws miv nyob rau hauv ob paintings: "Knight ntawm lub Crossroads" thiab "Alenka".

Sawv thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg

Lub hom phiaj Peredvizhnik yog ib tug acquaintance ntawm lub sab masses ntawm tus neeg los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab kos duab. Cov miv twb muaj qhov txhia chaw, nyob rau hauv lub zos thiab lub zos, neeg loj leeb tsim thiab muaj zog. Blossoming "Partnership" coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1870-1880. Tom qab ntawd cov dej num loj leeb pib ploj rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub hom phiaj vim li cas, thiab tau tuav lawv lub xeem qhia tau tias nyob rau hauv 1922.

Abramtsevo

Lavxias teb sab artist Vasnetsov nkag mus hauv lub "Abramtsevo artistic vajvoog", cov los ntawm industrialist thiab kos duab patron Savva Mamontov, tus tswv ntawm Abramtsevo qub txeeg qub tes. Lawv teem lub rooj sib tham ntawm painters, sculptors, sau ntawv thiab musicians nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub hospitable tsev Savva Ivanovich thiab tom qab ntawd rau lub voj voog muab rau hauv ib tug loj center ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai. Painters tuaj rau Abramtsevo thiab nyob muaj rau lub hlis, tsim lawv tus kheej uas tsis txawj tuag paintings. Victor Vasnetsov kuj yog ib tug heev qhua, nws twb inspired los ntawm untouched xwm ntawm tus tiv thaiv ncig, tsoos Lavxias teb sab qhov tseem ceeb, teb, hav zoov thiab nyob deb nroog cov neeg raws li ib feem ntawm qhov scenery.

Academy of Arts

Nyob rau hauv 1893 Vasnetsov artist mus rau lub Academy ntawm Fine Arts thiab, thaum nws yog mej zeej ntawm lub Academy, txuas ntxiv fruitful kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm reconstruction ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai. Lub revolutionary zog nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thaum ntxov cuam tshuam tus poj artist. Vasnetsov tsis koom ncaj qha nyob rau hauv cov kev ua ub ntawm lub "Union ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg," pravomonarhicheskoy lub koom haum, tab sis kov txhawb cov dub Pua zog thiab txawm txhawb nqa ib co ntaub ntawv, xws li "Phau Ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev tu siab." Nyob rau hauv 1912 lub artist twb qhia nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv cajceg ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Thiab nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub "Society ntawm lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm Russia" nyob rau hauv 1915, uas coj tuaj ua ke ntau nyuab ntawm lub sij hawm.

Ib tug ntau yam uas muaj tswv yim

Vasnetsov artist lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog ntau haiv neeg yeej, uas tsis tau hais tias ntawm lwm Lavxias teb sab painters. Nws tsim paintings siv tawm tsam lwm yam, tej zaum incompatible nrog txhua lwm yam. Paintings domestic xwm nrog tiag tiag cim tau hloov los ntawm paintings ntawm fairy tales. Thiab tsis tau, zoo li ib tug liab xov thoob plaws rau tag nrho cov tswv yim lub sij hawm ntawm lub artist kis Epic-keeb kwm ntxhais. Nws yog nws lub ntsiab masterpieces tau tsim nyob rau hauv no ib hom ntawv nyeem Vasnetsov: "Heroes" (1898), "King Ivan qhov txaus ntshai" (1897), "Ivan Tsarevich rau qhov Grey Hma" (1889), "Alenka" (1881) , "Knight ntawm kev tshuam" (1882), "Tom qab lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Igorya Svyatoslavovicha nrog Polovtsy" (1880).

lub tsev teev ntuj lub ntsiab

Nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua, Vasnetsov artist, "Heroes" uas, sau nyob rau hauv 1998, los ua nws trademark, yog hais txog mus rau ib tug kev cai dab qhuas lub ntsiab. Nws paints duab ntawm Vladimir Cathedral nyob rau hauv Kiev thiab cov Ascension Lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, lub npe hu ua lub Cathedral "Peb tus Cawm Seej rau cov ntshav" nyob rau Griboyedov kwj dej. Tom qab ntawd, cov artist coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev sab hauv painting Aleksandra Nevskogo, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm Bulgaria, Sofia. Thiab rau lub Moscow Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Nativity nyob rau hauv Presnya Vasnetsov tsim sketches ntawm lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa paintings.

Tsoom artist

Vasnetsov artist nyob rau hauv 1917, switched rau Lavxias teb sab pej xeem epic, nws paintings Fairytale "sib ntaus Dobryni Nikiticha nrog lub xya-taws nab Gorynych" sau nyob rau hauv 1918, thiab "lub hnab ntawm pob txha" nyob rau hauv 1926 yog qhov kawg ua hauj lwm ntawm cov poj artist.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ci ntsa iab canvases Vasnetsov tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm architectural thiab keeb kwm tej yaam num:

• Lub manor ua tau Abramtsevo lub tsev teev ntuj "Holy tus Cawm Seej" los ntawm Vasnetsov lub sketches ua ke nrog rau cov artist VD Polenov thiab kes duab vajtse PM Samarin (1882)
• Nyob rau hauv Abramtsevo nws ua tau "tsev pheeb suab nyob rau hauv Qaib Ceg", gazebos rau fairytale motifs (1883)
• Project tombstone Yuri Nikolaevich Govorukha-tub qhe, lub Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv, mourners (1896) nyob rau hauv lub necropolis ntawm lub Moscow monastery.
• Lavxias teb sab pavilion rau lub Paris ntiaj teb tso rau neeg pom nyob rau hauv 1898.
• Project tsev loj IE Tsvetkova, ua ke nrog rau cov kws kes duab vajtse BN Shnaubertom nyob rau hauv Moscow rau Prechistenskaya waterfront.
• Npaj project lub ntsiab nkag mus rau lub Tretyakov Gallery, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse VN Bashkirov nyob rau hauv Moscow Lavroushinsky Lane (1901).
• Project hloov yees ntawm lub Armory Chamber nyob rau hauv lub Great Kremlin Palace nyob rau hauv Moscow (1901).
• Memorial ntoo khaub lig uas distinguishes qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm tub huabtais Velikogo Sergeya Aleksandrovicha nyob rau hauv Moscow (1908), uas twb puas lawm thiab tom qab ntawd rebuilt los ntawm lub sculptor NV Orlov, thiab ces tsiv mus rau lub Novospassky Monastery.
• headstone VA Gringmut txoj cai-tis pej xeem daim duab, nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob rau hauv lub necropolis ntawm lub monastery kev quaj ntsuag (1908).
• Cathedral ntawm St. Alexander Nevsky nyob rau hauv Miusskaya Square nyob rau hauv Moscow, ua ke nrog rau cov kws kes duab vajtse A. Pomerantsev (1911).
• Artistic project ntawm ib tug nqi xa ntawv nyiaj muas, tsim los sau nyiaj los pab cov neeg uas raug ua tsov ua rog (1914).

philately

Vasnetsov artist thiab nws ua hauj lwm thaum lub sij hawm tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub philately ntawm lub USSR:

• Nqi xa ntawv nyiaj muas "Tretyakov Gallery" los ntawm AS Pomansky tso nyob rau hauv 1950. Lub stamp depicts lub ntsiab façade ntawm tus Tretyakov Gallery, ua nyob rau hauv 1906, raws li nyob rau hauv sketches los ntawm Viktor Vasnetsov.
• Ib tug series ntawm cov nqi xa nyiaj muas nplooj siab mus rau lub 25th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm cov neeg pleev kob Vasnetsov, sau - artist II Dubasov, 1951.
• Nqi xa ntawv nyiaj muas nrog rau cov duab ntawm VM Vasnetsov rau hauv daim duab ntawm artist Ivan Kramskoi ", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1952 nyob rau hauv lub ITC" hom "nyob rau hauv # 1649.
• Nqi xa ntawv nyiaj muas "Heroes" (a painting los ntawm Vasnetsov 1881-1898 biennium) ITC "Mark" # 1650.
• Nqi xa ntawv nyiaj muas "Knight ntawm lub Crossroads" (1882), tso tawm nyob rau hauv 1968, thiab tsim qauv ntxias A.Ryazantseva G.Komleva, ITC "hom", №3705.
• 150th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm cov me nyuam yug ntawm Vasnetsov twb sau tseg nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev tso tawm ntawm lub ob stamp nrog ib tug daim coupon no.

Rau tag nrho cov muaj tswv yim lub neej ntawm tus poj artist nws tau sau ntawv ob peb kaum os cov canvases. 24 paintings ntawm tus artist Vasnetsov nkag mus hauv lub golden nyiaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab:

• 1871 - "Gravedigger".
• 1876 - "Los ntawm cov tsev apartment rau chav tsev."
• 1878 - "Knight nyob rau hauv Crossroads."
• 1879 - "Preference".
• 1880 - "Tom qab lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Igorya Svyatoslavovicha nrog Polovtsy".
• 1880 - "Alenushkiny pas dej."
• 1880 - "Magic Ntaub Pua Plag".
• 1881 - "Alenka".
• 1881 - "Peb ntxhais fuabtais ntawm lub ntiajteb sab hauv."
• 1887 - "Warriors ntawm lub Apocalypse."
• 1889 - "Ivan Tsarevich rau qhov Grey Hma."
• 1890 - "Lub kevcai raus dej ntawm Rus '.
• 1897 - "Humayun".
• 1897 - "Lub Tsar Ivan qhov txaus ntshai."
• 1898 - "Heroes".
• 1899 - "Guslar".
• 1899 - "Lub Daus leej".
• 1899 - "Lub rooj sib tham nrog Oleg txawj ua yees siv."
• 1904 - "Lub Xeem Txiav Txim".
• 1914 - "Ilya Muromets".
• 1914 - "Lub Duel Peresvet nrog Chelubey".
• 1918 - "Lub Qav ntxhais fuabtais".
• 1918 - "sib ntaus Dobryni Nikiticha nrog lub xya-taws nab Gorynych".
• 1926 - "Hnab ntawm cov pob txha".