Ua hauj lawm ntawm socialization

Ua ntej teb cov lus nug, uas yog cov ua hauj lawm ntawm socialization, nws yuav tsum nrog cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi lub phenomenon nws tus kheej - socialization. Lub hauv paus pib ntawm cov tswvyim no mus rov qab mus rau tej hauj lwm ntawm Auguste Comte, txawm tias cov lus siv ua ntej nws. Tab sis nws yog Conte muab qhov no lub sij hawm ib tug tiag tiag kev piav qhia. Raws li qhov tus tsim ntawm Sociology raws li ib tug scientific teb, nws piav qhia cov txheej txheem xwm ntawm tib neeg evolution raws li ib tug neeg. Tus ntawd yog nws los ntawm no foundations nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog tag nrho cov chaw thiab uas tsis yog-chaw kawm ntawv, ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm haiv neeg.

Procedural cim ntawm socialization yog hais tias nws yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo lub sij hawm thiab kev sib raug zoo chaw tib neeg kev tshawb kawm txog tus tsim kev sib raug zoo muaj nuj nqis tshuab thiab cov txheej xwm ntawm kev coj cwj pwm, nws cov qauv thiab stereotypes, raws li zoo raws li kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse. Tag nrho cov no ua ke yuav pab kom cov neeg zoo hloov mus rau qhov dynamic hloov nyob rau hauv cov kev sib raug chaw , thiab ua tau tej yam zog nyob rau hauv nws.

Yog vim li cas yog muaj ib qeb ntawm kev lub sij hawm thiab kev sib raug zoo chaw? Cov lus teb no yog hais tias cov tsis muaj kev sib txawv ntawm lawv cov counterparts nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj kev nkag siab - lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg lub sij hawm unidirectional, ravnotekuche irreversibly, thaum lub sij hawm kev yuav ntxeev, nws yog sis tsis ncaj nyob rau hauv nws khiav. haiv neeg qhov chaw no kuj yog txawv los ntawm lub cev, muaj yog tsis muaj spatial uniqueness "far-nyob ze", "high-tsawg" thiab thiaj on. Nrog cov nta thiab determined mus kom ze, nyob rau hauv uas peb muaj peev xwm txhais tau lub tswvyim ntawm "ua hauj lawm ntawm socialization".

Nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj sawv cev ntawm cov neeg kawm, uas pab ib tug neeg kawm saum toj no hais qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau hauv lub cev lus, cov neeg ntawm kev sib tham - ib tug tej tus neeg, cov koom haum, tsev thiab tej kev kawm uas xyuas seb qhov thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm assimilation ntawm qhov tseem ceeb (los yog anti-qhov tseem ceeb) ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias, raws li cov neeg ua hauj tej zaum yuav neeg uas muaj tsis muaj lub cev tej yam tshwm sim. Cov no yog cov kev cai lij choj, kev cai, kev cai, uas yog, hais tias nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej yog ib tug kwv uas socialization. Yog li, socialization yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw cim: ib tug neeg paub ib yam dab tsi los ntawm kev siv cov kev uas muaj nws yog ib yam dab tsi. Piv txwv li, yuav ua rau tus tib neeg txoj kev cai-nom tswv teev tseg pej xeem, nws yuav tsum chiv nyob rau hauv ib tug tswj chaw txoj cai. Thiab xwb ces nws yuav nqus cov kev thiab xyov tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no.

Qhov no tshwm sim socialization yog hais tias nws yog cais thaum lub sij hawm thawj thiab theem.

Nyob rau hauv cov thawj theem, ib tug neeg feem ntau yog paub lub hauv paus rau tag nrho cov ntsiab cai thiab kev cai ntawm kev sib raug zoo lub neej thiab tau elementary kev txawj kev sis raug zoo. Rau ntawm no theem qhov tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm xws li ua hauj lawm ntawm socialization, raws li cov niam txiv, neeg ua hauj lwm kindergarten thiab cov xib fwb, lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov xib fwb qhia ntawv, tus me txiv neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev ib puag ncig thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv kauj ruam thib ob socialization tshwm sim socialization ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob, uas yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm digestible complexity qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev cai thiab switching mechanism kev qhia kom paub thiab kev adaptation. Qhov no txoj kev muaj ntau ua li cas nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg, cov nrhiav tau ntawm kev tseem ceeb zoo ntawm tus neeg. Ntawm no tuaj mus rau fore, xws cov neeg ua hauj ntawm socialization, raws li ib txoj kev kawm thiab ua hauj lwm rau pab pawg, kev sib raug zoo ib puag ncig, sawv rau lub hauv paus ntawm ntau nyiam, qhov tseem ceeb thiab lwm yam.

Ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm cov theem muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias yog hais tias nyob rau thawj theem ntawm kev sib tham tshwm sim mas los ntawm lus sib cuag thiab institutionalized ntaub ntawv, lub qhov theem ntawm nws tshwm sim tshwm sim ib tug me ntsis txawv. Muaj yog sai zuj zus uas tsis yog-chaw cov neeg ua hauj, yog li lawv cov nyhuv yog feem ntau tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li cov chaw haujlwm cov neeg ua hauj.

Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog yuav tau xav txog, thiab qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Feem ntau, cov neeg ua hauj thiab socialization tsev, ib yam li nws yam ua ua ke thiab tsis yeej ib txwm ib tug lub tsev yog ib tus neeg saib. Lub koom haum ntawm socialization yog ib tug system ntawm ruaj, ntev-lub sij hawm, ruaj khov txaus nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw lug, tsis pub dhau uas muaj ib tug ua raws li tib neeg beings. Lub ntsiab tsev uas yog cov yam ntxwv rau feem ntau ntawm hom ntawm societies yog lub koom haum of Education, kev kawm ntawv, kev ruaj ntseg, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov niam thiab tsev neeg, kev ua pej xeem thiab lwm yam.